.. highlightlang:: c

Allocating Objects on the Heap

.. c:function:: PyObject* _PyObject_New(PyTypeObject *type)

.. c:function:: PyVarObject* _PyObject_NewVar(PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t size)

.. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_Init(PyObject *op, PyTypeObject *type)

 Initialize a newly-allocated object *op* with its type and initial
 reference. Returns the initialized object. If *type* indicates that the
 object participates in the cyclic garbage detector, it is added to the
 detector's set of observed objects. Other fields of the object are not
 affected.

.. c:function:: PyVarObject* PyObject_InitVar(PyVarObject *op, PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t size)

 This does everything :c:func:`PyObject_Init` does, and also initializes the
 length information for a variable-size object.

.. c:function:: TYPE* PyObject_New(TYPE, PyTypeObject *type)

 Allocate a new Python object using the C structure type *TYPE* and the
 Python type object *type*. Fields not defined by the Python object header
 are not initialized; the object's reference count will be one. The size of
 the memory allocation is determined from the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_basicsize` field of
 the type object.

.. c:function:: TYPE* PyObject_NewVar(TYPE, PyTypeObject *type, Py_ssize_t size)

 Allocate a new Python object using the C structure type *TYPE* and the
 Python type object *type*. Fields not defined by the Python object header
 are not initialized. The allocated memory allows for the *TYPE* structure
 plus *size* fields of the size given by the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_itemsize` field of
 *type*. This is useful for implementing objects like tuples, which are
 able to determine their size at construction time. Embedding the array of
 fields into the same allocation decreases the number of allocations,
 improving the memory management efficiency.

.. c:function:: void PyObject_Del(PyObject *op)

 Releases memory allocated to an object using :c:func:`PyObject_New` or
 :c:func:`PyObject_NewVar`. This is normally called from the
 :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_dealloc` handler specified in the object's type. The fields of
 the object should not be accessed after this call as the memory is no
 longer a valid Python object.

.. c:var:: PyObject _Py_NoneStruct

 Object which is visible in Python as ``None``. This should only be accessed
 using the :c:macro:`Py_None` macro, which evaluates to a pointer to this
 object.

.. seealso::

 :c:func:`PyModule_Create`
 To allocate and create extension modules.

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