r"""UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122.

This module provides immutable UUID objects (class UUID) and the functions
uuid1(), uuid3(), uuid4(), uuid5() for generating version 1, 3, 4, and 5
UUIDs as specified in RFC 4122.

If all you want is a unique ID, you should probably call uuid1() or uuid4().
Note that uuid1() may compromise privacy since it creates a UUID containing
the computer's network address. uuid4() creates a random UUID.

Typical usage:

 >>> import uuid

 # make a UUID based on the host ID and current time
 >>> uuid.uuid1() # doctest: +SKIP
 UUID('a8098c1a-f86e-11da-bd1a-00112444be1e')

 # make a UUID using an MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name
 >>> uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org')
 UUID('6fa459ea-ee8a-3ca4-894e-db77e160355e')

 # make a random UUID
 >>> uuid.uuid4() # doctest: +SKIP
 UUID('16fd2706-8baf-433b-82eb-8c7fada847da')

 # make a UUID using a SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name
 >>> uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org')
 UUID('886313e1-3b8a-5372-9b90-0c9aee199e5d')

 # make a UUID from a string of hex digits (braces and hyphens ignored)
 >>> x = uuid.UUID('{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}')

 # convert a UUID to a string of hex digits in standard form
 >>> str(x)
 '00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f'

 # get the raw 16 bytes of the UUID
 >>> x.bytes
 b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f'

 # make a UUID from a 16-byte string
 >>> uuid.UUID(bytes=x.bytes)
 UUID('00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f')
"""

import os
import sys

from enum import Enum


__author__ = 'Ka-Ping Yee <ping@zesty.ca>'

# The recognized platforms - known behaviors
if sys.platform in ('win32', 'darwin'):
 _AIX = _LINUX = False
else:
 import platform
 _platform_system = platform.system()
 _AIX = _platform_system == 'AIX'
 _LINUX = _platform_system == 'Linux'

RESERVED_NCS, RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, RESERVED_FUTURE = [
 'reserved for NCS compatibility', 'specified in RFC 4122',
 'reserved for Microsoft compatibility', 'reserved for future definition']

int_ = int # The built-in int type
bytes_ = bytes # The built-in bytes type


class SafeUUID(Enum):
 safe = 0
 unsafe = -1
 unknown = None


class UUID:
 """Instances of the UUID class represent UUIDs as specified in RFC 4122.
 UUID objects are immutable, hashable, and usable as dictionary keys.
 Converting a UUID to a string with str() yields something in the form
 '12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc'. The UUID constructor accepts
 five possible forms: a similar string of hexadecimal digits, or a tuple
 of six integer fields (with 32-bit, 16-bit, 16-bit, 8-bit, 8-bit, and
 48-bit values respectively) as an argument named 'fields', or a string
 of 16 bytes (with all the integer fields in big-endian order) as an
 argument named 'bytes', or a string of 16 bytes (with the first three
 fields in little-endian order) as an argument named 'bytes_le', or a
 single 128-bit integer as an argument named 'int'.

 UUIDs have these read-only attributes:

 bytes the UUID as a 16-byte string (containing the six
 integer fields in big-endian byte order)

 bytes_le the UUID as a 16-byte string (with time_low, time_mid,
 and time_hi_version in little-endian byte order)

 fields a tuple of the six integer fields of the UUID,
 which are also available as six individual attributes
 and two derived attributes:

 time_low the first 32 bits of the UUID
 time_mid the next 16 bits of the UUID
 time_hi_version the next 16 bits of the UUID
 clock_seq_hi_variant the next 8 bits of the UUID
 clock_seq_low the next 8 bits of the UUID
 node the last 48 bits of the UUID

 time the 60-bit timestamp
 clock_seq the 14-bit sequence number

 hex the UUID as a 32-character hexadecimal string

 int the UUID as a 128-bit integer

 urn the UUID as a URN as specified in RFC 4122

 variant the UUID variant (one of the constants RESERVED_NCS,
 RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, or RESERVED_FUTURE)

 version the UUID version number (1 through 5, meaningful only
 when the variant is RFC_4122)

 is_safe An enum indicating whether the UUID has been generated in
 a way that is safe for multiprocessing applications, via
 uuid_generate_time_safe(3).
 """

 __slots__ = ('int', 'is_safe', '__weakref__')

 def __init__(self, hex=None, bytes=None, bytes_le=None, fields=None,
 int=None, version=None,
 *, is_safe=SafeUUID.unknown):
 r"""Create a UUID from either a string of 32 hexadecimal digits,
 a string of 16 bytes as the 'bytes' argument, a string of 16 bytes
 in little-endian order as the 'bytes_le' argument, a tuple of six
 integers (32-bit time_low, 16-bit time_mid, 16-bit time_hi_version,
 8-bit clock_seq_hi_variant, 8-bit clock_seq_low, 48-bit node) as
 the 'fields' argument, or a single 128-bit integer as the 'int'
 argument. When a string of hex digits is given, curly braces,
 hyphens, and a URN prefix are all optional. For example, these
 expressions all yield the same UUID:

 UUID('{12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678}')
 UUID('12345678123456781234567812345678')
 UUID('urn:uuid:12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')
 UUID(bytes='\x12\x34\x56\x78'*4)
 UUID(bytes_le='\x78\x56\x34\x12\x34\x12\x78\x56' +
 '\x12\x34\x56\x78\x12\x34\x56\x78')
 UUID(fields=(0x12345678, 0x1234, 0x5678, 0x12, 0x34, 0x567812345678))
 UUID(int=0x12345678123456781234567812345678)

 Exactly one of 'hex', 'bytes', 'bytes_le', 'fields', or 'int' must
 be given. The 'version' argument is optional; if given, the resulting
 UUID will have its variant and version set according to RFC 4122,
 overriding the given 'hex', 'bytes', 'bytes_le', 'fields', or 'int'.

 is_safe is an enum exposed as an attribute on the instance. It
 indicates whether the UUID has been generated in a way that is safe
 for multiprocessing applications, via uuid_generate_time_safe(3).
 """

 if [hex, bytes, bytes_le, fields, int].count(None) != 4:
 raise TypeError('one of the hex, bytes, bytes_le, fields, '
 'or int arguments must be given')
 if hex is not None:
 hex = hex.replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '')
 hex = hex.strip('{}').replace('-', '')
 if len(hex) != 32:
 raise ValueError('badly formed hexadecimal UUID string')
 int = int_(hex, 16)
 if bytes_le is not None:
 if len(bytes_le) != 16:
 raise ValueError('bytes_le is not a 16-char string')
 bytes = (bytes_le[4-1::-1] + bytes_le[6-1:4-1:-1] +
 bytes_le[8-1:6-1:-1] + bytes_le[8:])
 if bytes is not None:
 if len(bytes) != 16:
 raise ValueError('bytes is not a 16-char string')
 assert isinstance(bytes, bytes_), repr(bytes)
 int = int_.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder='big')
 if fields is not None:
 if len(fields) != 6:
 raise ValueError('fields is not a 6-tuple')
 (time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version,
 clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node) = fields
 if not 0 <= time_low < 1<<32:
 raise ValueError('field 1 out of range (need a 32-bit value)')
 if not 0 <= time_mid < 1<<16:
 raise ValueError('field 2 out of range (need a 16-bit value)')
 if not 0 <= time_hi_version < 1<<16:
 raise ValueError('field 3 out of range (need a 16-bit value)')
 if not 0 <= clock_seq_hi_variant < 1<<8:
 raise ValueError('field 4 out of range (need an 8-bit value)')
 if not 0 <= clock_seq_low < 1<<8:
 raise ValueError('field 5 out of range (need an 8-bit value)')
 if not 0 <= node < 1<<48:
 raise ValueError('field 6 out of range (need a 48-bit value)')
 clock_seq = (clock_seq_hi_variant << 8) | clock_seq_low
 int = ((time_low << 96) | (time_mid << 80) |
 (time_hi_version << 64) | (clock_seq << 48) | node)
 if int is not None:
 if not 0 <= int < 1<<128:
 raise ValueError('int is out of range (need a 128-bit value)')
 if version is not None:
 if not 1 <= version <= 5:
 raise ValueError('illegal version number')
 # Set the variant to RFC 4122.
 int &= ~(0xc000 << 48)
 int |= 0x8000 << 48
 # Set the version number.
 int &= ~(0xf000 << 64)
 int |= version << 76
 object.__setattr__(self, 'int', int)
 object.__setattr__(self, 'is_safe', is_safe)

 def __getstate__(self):
 d = {'int': self.int}
 if self.is_safe != SafeUUID.unknown:
 # is_safe is a SafeUUID instance. Return just its value, so that
 # it can be un-pickled in older Python versions without SafeUUID.
 d['is_safe'] = self.is_safe.value
 return d

 def __setstate__(self, state):
 object.__setattr__(self, 'int', state['int'])
 # is_safe was added in 3.7; it is also omitted when it is "unknown"
 object.__setattr__(self, 'is_safe',
 SafeUUID(state['is_safe'])
 if 'is_safe' in state else SafeUUID.unknown)

 def __eq__(self, other):
 if isinstance(other, UUID):
 return self.int == other.int
 return NotImplemented

 # Q. What's the value of being able to sort UUIDs?
 # A. Use them as keys in a B-Tree or similar mapping.

 def __lt__(self, other):
 if isinstance(other, UUID):
 return self.int < other.int
 return NotImplemented

 def __gt__(self, other):
 if isinstance(other, UUID):
 return self.int > other.int
 return NotImplemented

 def __le__(self, other):
 if isinstance(other, UUID):
 return self.int <= other.int
 return NotImplemented

 def __ge__(self, other):
 if isinstance(other, UUID):
 return self.int >= other.int
 return NotImplemented

 def __hash__(self):
 return hash(self.int)

 def __int__(self):
 return self.int

 def __repr__(self):
 return '%s(%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, str(self))

 def __setattr__(self, name, value):
 raise TypeError('UUID objects are immutable')

 def __str__(self):
 hex = '%032x' % self.int
 return '%s-%s-%s-%s-%s' % (
 hex[:8], hex[8:12], hex[12:16], hex[16:20], hex[20:])

 @property
 def bytes(self):
 return self.int.to_bytes(16, 'big')

 @property
 def bytes_le(self):
 bytes = self.bytes
 return (bytes[4-1::-1] + bytes[6-1:4-1:-1] + bytes[8-1:6-1:-1] +
 bytes[8:])

 @property
 def fields(self):
 return (self.time_low, self.time_mid, self.time_hi_version,
 self.clock_seq_hi_variant, self.clock_seq_low, self.node)

 @property
 def time_low(self):
 return self.int >> 96

 @property
 def time_mid(self):
 return (self.int >> 80) & 0xffff

 @property
 def time_hi_version(self):
 return (self.int >> 64) & 0xffff

 @property
 def clock_seq_hi_variant(self):
 return (self.int >> 56) & 0xff

 @property
 def clock_seq_low(self):
 return (self.int >> 48) & 0xff

 @property
 def time(self):
 return (((self.time_hi_version & 0x0fff) << 48) |
 (self.time_mid << 32) | self.time_low)

 @property
 def clock_seq(self):
 return (((self.clock_seq_hi_variant & 0x3f) << 8) |
 self.clock_seq_low)

 @property
 def node(self):
 return self.int & 0xffffffffffff

 @property
 def hex(self):
 return '%032x' % self.int

 @property
 def urn(self):
 return 'urn:uuid:' + str(self)

 @property
 def variant(self):
 if not self.int & (0x8000 << 48):
 return RESERVED_NCS
 elif not self.int & (0x4000 << 48):
 return RFC_4122
 elif not self.int & (0x2000 << 48):
 return RESERVED_MICROSOFT
 else:
 return RESERVED_FUTURE

 @property
 def version(self):
 # The version bits are only meaningful for RFC 4122 UUIDs.
 if self.variant == RFC_4122:
 return int((self.int >> 76) & 0xf)

def _popen(command, *args):
 import os, shutil, subprocess
 executable = shutil.which(command)
 if executable is None:
 path = os.pathsep.join(('/sbin', '/usr/sbin'))
 executable = shutil.which(command, path=path)
 if executable is None:
 return None
 # LC_ALL=C to ensure English output, stderr=DEVNULL to prevent output
 # on stderr (Note: we don't have an example where the words we search
 # for are actually localized, but in theory some system could do so.)
 env = dict(os.environ)
 env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
 proc = subprocess.Popen((executable,) + args,
 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
 stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
 env=env)
 return proc

# For MAC (a.k.a. IEEE 802, or EUI-48) addresses, the second least significant
# bit of the first octet signifies whether the MAC address is universally (0)
# or locally (1) administered. Network cards from hardware manufacturers will
# always be universally administered to guarantee global uniqueness of the MAC
# address, but any particular machine may have other interfaces which are
# locally administered. An example of the latter is the bridge interface to
# the Touch Bar on MacBook Pros.
#
# This bit works out to be the 42nd bit counting from 1 being the least
# significant, or 1<<41. We'll prefer universally administered MAC addresses
# over locally administered ones since the former are globally unique, but
# we'll return the first of the latter found if that's all the machine has.
#
# See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Universal_vs._local

def _is_universal(mac):
 return not (mac & (1 << 41))

def _find_mac(command, args, hw_identifiers, get_index):
 first_local_mac = None
 try:
 proc = _popen(command, *args.split())
 if not proc:
 return None
 with proc:
 for line in proc.stdout:
 words = line.lower().rstrip().split()
 for i in range(len(words)):
 if words[i] in hw_identifiers:
 try:
 word = words[get_index(i)]
 mac = int(word.replace(b':', b''), 16)
 if _is_universal(mac):
 return mac
 first_local_mac = first_local_mac or mac
 except (ValueError, IndexError):
 # Virtual interfaces, such as those provided by
 # VPNs, do not have a colon-delimited MAC address
 # as expected, but a 16-byte HWAddr separated by
 # dashes. These should be ignored in favor of a
 # real MAC address
 pass
 except OSError:
 pass
 return first_local_mac or None

def _ifconfig_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix by running ifconfig."""
 # This works on Linux ('' or '-a'), Tru64 ('-av'), but not all Unixes.
 keywords = (b'hwaddr', b'ether', b'address:', b'lladdr')
 for args in ('', '-a', '-av'):
 mac = _find_mac('ifconfig', args, keywords, lambda i: i+1)
 if mac:
 return mac
 return None

def _ip_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix by running ip."""
 # This works on Linux with iproute2.
 mac = _find_mac('ip', 'link', [b'link/ether'], lambda i: i+1)
 if mac:
 return mac
 return None

def _arp_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix by running arp."""
 import os, socket
 try:
 ip_addr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
 except OSError:
 return None

 # Try getting the MAC addr from arp based on our IP address (Solaris).
 mac = _find_mac('arp', '-an', [os.fsencode(ip_addr)], lambda i: -1)
 if mac:
 return mac

 # This works on OpenBSD
 mac = _find_mac('arp', '-an', [os.fsencode(ip_addr)], lambda i: i+1)
 if mac:
 return mac

 # This works on Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD
 mac = _find_mac('arp', '-an', [os.fsencode('(%s)' % ip_addr)],
 lambda i: i+2)
 # Return None instead of 0.
 if mac:
 return mac
 return None

def _lanscan_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix by running lanscan."""
 # This might work on HP-UX.
 return _find_mac('lanscan', '-ai', [b'lan0'], lambda i: 0)

def _netstat_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix by running netstat."""
 # This might work on AIX, Tru64 UNIX.
 first_local_mac = None
 try:
 proc = _popen('netstat', '-ia')
 if not proc:
 return None
 with proc:
 words = proc.stdout.readline().rstrip().split()
 try:
 i = words.index(b'Address')
 except ValueError:
 return None
 for line in proc.stdout:
 try:
 words = line.rstrip().split()
 word = words[i]
 if len(word) == 17 and word.count(b':') == 5:
 mac = int(word.replace(b':', b''), 16)
 if _is_universal(mac):
 return mac
 first_local_mac = first_local_mac or mac
 except (ValueError, IndexError):
 pass
 except OSError:
 pass
 return first_local_mac or None

def _ipconfig_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Windows by running ipconfig.exe."""
 import os, re, subprocess
 first_local_mac = None
 dirs = ['', r'c:\windows\system32', r'c:\winnt\system32']
 try:
 import ctypes
 buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(300)
 ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetSystemDirectoryA(buffer, 300)
 dirs.insert(0, buffer.value.decode('mbcs'))
 except:
 pass
 for dir in dirs:
 try:
 proc = subprocess.Popen([os.path.join(dir, 'ipconfig'), '/all'],
 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
 encoding="oem")
 except OSError:
 continue
 with proc:
 for line in proc.stdout:
 value = line.split(':')[-1].strip().lower()
 if re.fullmatch('(?:[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]-){5}[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]', value):
 mac = int(value.replace('-', ''), 16)
 if _is_universal(mac):
 return mac
 first_local_mac = first_local_mac or mac
 return first_local_mac or None

def _netbios_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Windows using NetBIOS calls.
 See http://support.microsoft.com/kb/118623 for details."""
 import win32wnet, netbios
 first_local_mac = None
 ncb = netbios.NCB()
 ncb.Command = netbios.NCBENUM
 ncb.Buffer = adapters = netbios.LANA_ENUM()
 adapters._pack()
 if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0:
 return None
 adapters._unpack()
 for i in range(adapters.length):
 ncb.Reset()
 ncb.Command = netbios.NCBRESET
 ncb.Lana_num = ord(adapters.lana[i])
 if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0:
 continue
 ncb.Reset()
 ncb.Command = netbios.NCBASTAT
 ncb.Lana_num = ord(adapters.lana[i])
 ncb.Callname = '*'.ljust(16)
 ncb.Buffer = status = netbios.ADAPTER_STATUS()
 if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0:
 continue
 status._unpack()
 bytes = status.adapter_address[:6]
 if len(bytes) != 6:
 continue
 mac = int.from_bytes(bytes, 'big')
 if _is_universal(mac):
 return mac
 first_local_mac = first_local_mac or mac
 return first_local_mac or None


_generate_time_safe = _UuidCreate = None
_has_uuid_generate_time_safe = None

# Import optional C extension at toplevel, to help disabling it when testing
try:
 import _uuid
except ImportError:
 _uuid = None


def _load_system_functions():
 """
 Try to load platform-specific functions for generating uuids.
 """
 global _generate_time_safe, _UuidCreate, _has_uuid_generate_time_safe

 if _has_uuid_generate_time_safe is not None:
 return

 _has_uuid_generate_time_safe = False

 if sys.platform == "darwin" and int(os.uname().release.split('.')[0]) < 9:
 # The uuid_generate_* functions are broken on MacOS X 10.5, as noted
 # in issue #8621 the function generates the same sequence of values
 # in the parent process and all children created using fork (unless
 # those children use exec as well).
 #
 # Assume that the uuid_generate functions are broken from 10.5 onward,
 # the test can be adjusted when a later version is fixed.
 pass
 elif _uuid is not None:
 _generate_time_safe = _uuid.generate_time_safe
 _has_uuid_generate_time_safe = _uuid.has_uuid_generate_time_safe
 return

 try:
 # If we couldn't find an extension module, try ctypes to find
 # system routines for UUID generation.
 # Thanks to Thomas Heller for ctypes and for his help with its use here.
 import ctypes
 import ctypes.util

 # The uuid_generate_* routines are provided by libuuid on at least
 # Linux and FreeBSD, and provided by libc on Mac OS X.
 _libnames = ['uuid']
 if not sys.platform.startswith('win'):
 _libnames.append('c')
 for libname in _libnames:
 try:
 lib = ctypes.CDLL(ctypes.util.find_library(libname))
 except Exception: # pragma: nocover
 continue
 # Try to find the safe variety first.
 if hasattr(lib, 'uuid_generate_time_safe'):
 _uuid_generate_time_safe = lib.uuid_generate_time_safe
 # int uuid_generate_time_safe(uuid_t out);
 def _generate_time_safe():
 _buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(16)
 res = _uuid_generate_time_safe(_buffer)
 return bytes(_buffer.raw), res
 _has_uuid_generate_time_safe = True
 break

 elif hasattr(lib, 'uuid_generate_time'): # pragma: nocover
 _uuid_generate_time = lib.uuid_generate_time
 # void uuid_generate_time(uuid_t out);
 _uuid_generate_time.restype = None
 def _generate_time_safe():
 _buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(16)
 _uuid_generate_time(_buffer)
 return bytes(_buffer.raw), None
 break

 # On Windows prior to 2000, UuidCreate gives a UUID containing the
 # hardware address. On Windows 2000 and later, UuidCreate makes a
 # random UUID and UuidCreateSequential gives a UUID containing the
 # hardware address. These routines are provided by the RPC runtime.
 # NOTE: at least on Tim's WinXP Pro SP2 desktop box, while the last
 # 6 bytes returned by UuidCreateSequential are fixed, they don't appear
 # to bear any relationship to the MAC address of any network device
 # on the box.
 try:
 lib = ctypes.windll.rpcrt4
 except:
 lib = None
 _UuidCreate = getattr(lib, 'UuidCreateSequential',
 getattr(lib, 'UuidCreate', None))

 except Exception as exc:
 import warnings
 warnings.warn(f"Could not find fallback ctypes uuid functions: {exc}",
 ImportWarning)


def _unix_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Unix using the _uuid extension module
 or ctypes."""
 _load_system_functions()
 uuid_time, _ = _generate_time_safe()
 return UUID(bytes=uuid_time).node

def _windll_getnode():
 """Get the hardware address on Windows using ctypes."""
 import ctypes
 _load_system_functions()
 _buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(16)
 if _UuidCreate(_buffer) == 0:
 return UUID(bytes=bytes_(_buffer.raw)).node

def _random_getnode():
 """Get a random node ID."""
 # RFC 4122, 4ドル.1.6 says "For systems with no IEEE address, a randomly or
 # pseudo-randomly generated value may be used; see Section 4.5. The
 # multicast bit must be set in such addresses, in order that they will
 # never conflict with addresses obtained from network cards."
 #
 # The "multicast bit" of a MAC address is defined to be "the least
 # significant bit of the first octet". This works out to be the 41st bit
 # counting from 1 being the least significant bit, or 1<<40.
 #
 # See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Unicast_vs._multicast
 import random
 return random.getrandbits(48) | (1 << 40)


# _OS_GETTERS, when known, are targeted for a specific OS or platform.
# The order is by 'common practice' on the specified platform.
# Note: 'posix' and 'windows' _OS_GETTERS are prefixed by a dll/dlload() method
# which, when successful, means none of these "external" methods are called.
# _GETTERS is (also) used by test_uuid.py to SkipUnless(), e.g.,
# @unittest.skipUnless(_uuid._ifconfig_getnode in _uuid._GETTERS, ...)
if _LINUX:
 _OS_GETTERS = [_ip_getnode, _ifconfig_getnode]
elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
 _OS_GETTERS = [_ifconfig_getnode, _arp_getnode, _netstat_getnode]
elif sys.platform == 'win32':
 _OS_GETTERS = [_netbios_getnode, _ipconfig_getnode]
elif _AIX:
 _OS_GETTERS = [_netstat_getnode]
else:
 _OS_GETTERS = [_ifconfig_getnode, _ip_getnode, _arp_getnode,
 _netstat_getnode, _lanscan_getnode]
if os.name == 'posix':
 _GETTERS = [_unix_getnode] + _OS_GETTERS
elif os.name == 'nt':
 _GETTERS = [_windll_getnode] + _OS_GETTERS
else:
 _GETTERS = _OS_GETTERS

_node = None

def getnode(*, getters=None):
 """Get the hardware address as a 48-bit positive integer.

 The first time this runs, it may launch a separate program, which could
 be quite slow. If all attempts to obtain the hardware address fail, we
 choose a random 48-bit number with its eighth bit set to 1 as recommended
 in RFC 4122.
 """
 global _node
 if _node is not None:
 return _node

 for getter in _GETTERS + [_random_getnode]:
 try:
 _node = getter()
 except:
 continue
 if (_node is not None) and (0 <= _node < (1 << 48)):
 return _node
 assert False, '_random_getnode() returned invalid value: {}'.format(_node)


_last_timestamp = None

def uuid1(node=None, clock_seq=None):
 """Generate a UUID from a host ID, sequence number, and the current time.
 If 'node' is not given, getnode() is used to obtain the hardware
 address. If 'clock_seq' is given, it is used as the sequence number;
 otherwise a random 14-bit sequence number is chosen."""

 # When the system provides a version-1 UUID generator, use it (but don't
 # use UuidCreate here because its UUIDs don't conform to RFC 4122).
 _load_system_functions()
 if _generate_time_safe is not None and node is clock_seq is None:
 uuid_time, safely_generated = _generate_time_safe()
 try:
 is_safe = SafeUUID(safely_generated)
 except ValueError:
 is_safe = SafeUUID.unknown
 return UUID(bytes=uuid_time, is_safe=is_safe)

 global _last_timestamp
 import time
 nanoseconds = time.time_ns()
 # 0x01b21dd213814000 is the number of 100-ns intervals between the
 # UUID epoch 1582年10月15日 00:00:00 and the Unix epoch 1970年01月01日 00:00:00.
 timestamp = nanoseconds // 100 + 0x01b21dd213814000
 if _last_timestamp is not None and timestamp <= _last_timestamp:
 timestamp = _last_timestamp + 1
 _last_timestamp = timestamp
 if clock_seq is None:
 import random
 clock_seq = random.getrandbits(14) # instead of stable storage
 time_low = timestamp & 0xffffffff
 time_mid = (timestamp >> 32) & 0xffff
 time_hi_version = (timestamp >> 48) & 0x0fff
 clock_seq_low = clock_seq & 0xff
 clock_seq_hi_variant = (clock_seq >> 8) & 0x3f
 if node is None:
 node = getnode()
 return UUID(fields=(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version,
 clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node), version=1)

def uuid3(namespace, name):
 """Generate a UUID from the MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name."""
 from hashlib import md5
 hash = md5(namespace.bytes + bytes(name, "utf-8")).digest()
 return UUID(bytes=hash[:16], version=3)

def uuid4():
 """Generate a random UUID."""
 return UUID(bytes=os.urandom(16), version=4)

def uuid5(namespace, name):
 """Generate a UUID from the SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name."""
 from hashlib import sha1
 hash = sha1(namespace.bytes + bytes(name, "utf-8")).digest()
 return UUID(bytes=hash[:16], version=5)

# The following standard UUIDs are for use with uuid3() or uuid5().

NAMESPACE_DNS = UUID('6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8')
NAMESPACE_URL = UUID('6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8')
NAMESPACE_OID = UUID('6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8')
NAMESPACE_X500 = UUID('6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8')