// __ _____ _____ _____// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++ (supporting code)// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.11.3// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json//// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013 - 2025 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT#include "doctest_compatibility.h"// disable -Wnoexcept due to class EvilDOCTEST_GCC_SUPPRESS_WARNING_PUSHDOCTEST_GCC_SUPPRESS_WARNING("-Wnoexcept")// skip tests if JSON_DisableEnumSerialization=ON (#4384)#if defined(JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION) && (JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION == 1)#define SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATION#endif#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>using nlohmann::json;#ifdef JSON_TEST_NO_GLOBAL_UDLSusing namespace nlohmann::literals; // NOLINT(google-build-using-namespace)#endif#include <map>#include <memory>#include <string>#include <utility>namespace udt{enum class country{china,france,russia};struct age{int m_val;age(int rhs = 0) : m_val(rhs) {}};struct name{std::string m_val;name(std::string rhs = "") : m_val(std::move(rhs)) {}};struct address{std::string m_val;address(std::string rhs = "") : m_val(std::move(rhs)) {}};struct person{age m_age{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)name m_name{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)country m_country{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)person() = default;person(const age& a, name n, const country& c) : m_age(a), m_name(std::move(n)), m_country(c) {}};struct contact{person m_person{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)address m_address{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)contact() = default;contact(person p, address a) : m_person(std::move(p)), m_address(std::move(a)) {}};enum class book_id : std::uint64_t;struct contact_book{name m_book_name{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)book_id m_book_id{};std::vector<contact> m_contacts{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)contact_book() = default;contact_book(name n, book_id i, std::vector<contact> c) : m_book_name(std::move(n)), m_book_id(i), m_contacts(std::move(c)) {}};} // namespace udt// to_json methodsnamespace udt{// templates because of the custom_json tests (see below)template <typename BasicJsonType>static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, age a){j = a.m_val;}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const name& n){j = n.m_val;}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, country c){switch (c){case country::china:j = "中华人民共和国";return;case country::france:j = "France";return;case country::russia:j = "Российская Федерация";return;default:break;}}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const person& p){j = BasicJsonType{{"age", p.m_age}, {"name", p.m_name}, {"country", p.m_country}};}static void to_json(nlohmann::json& j, const address& a){j = a.m_val;}static void to_json(nlohmann::json& j, const contact& c){j = json{{"person", c.m_person}, {"address", c.m_address}};}static void to_json(nlohmann::json& j, const contact_book& cb){j = json{{"name", cb.m_book_name},#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATION{"id", cb.m_book_id},#endif{"contacts", cb.m_contacts}};}// operatorsstatic bool operator==(age lhs, age rhs){return lhs.m_val == rhs.m_val;}static bool operator==(const address& lhs, const address& rhs){return lhs.m_val == rhs.m_val;}static bool operator==(const name& lhs, const name& rhs){return lhs.m_val == rhs.m_val;}static bool operator==(const person& lhs, const person& rhs){return std::tie(lhs.m_name, lhs.m_age) == std::tie(rhs.m_name, rhs.m_age);}static bool operator==(const contact& lhs, const contact& rhs){return std::tie(lhs.m_person, lhs.m_address) ==std::tie(rhs.m_person, rhs.m_address);}static bool operator==(const contact_book& lhs, const contact_book& rhs){return std::tie(lhs.m_book_name, lhs.m_book_id, lhs.m_contacts) ==std::tie(rhs.m_book_name, rhs.m_book_id, rhs.m_contacts);}} // namespace udt// from_json methodsnamespace udt{template <typename BasicJsonType>static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, age& a){a.m_val = j.template get<int>();}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, name& n){n.m_val = j.template get<std::string>();}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, country& c){const auto str = j.template get<std::string>();const std::map<std::string, country> m ={{"中华人民共和国", country::china},{"France", country::france},{"Российская Федерация", country::russia}};const auto it = m.find(str);// TODO(nlohmann) test exceptionsc = it->second;}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, person& p){p.m_age = j["age"].template get<age>();p.m_name = j["name"].template get<name>();p.m_country = j["country"].template get<country>();}static void from_json(const nlohmann::json& j, address& a){a.m_val = j.get<std::string>();}static void from_json(const nlohmann::json& j, contact& c){c.m_person = j["person"].get<person>();c.m_address = j["address"].get<address>();}static void from_json(const nlohmann::json& j, contact_book& cb){cb.m_book_name = j["name"].get<name>();#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONcb.m_book_id = j["id"].get<book_id>();#endifcb.m_contacts = j["contacts"].get<std::vector<contact>>();}} // namespace udtTEST_CASE("basic usage" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){// a bit narcissistic maybe :) ?const udt::age a{23};const udt::name n{"theo"};const udt::country c{udt::country::france};const udt::person sfinae_addict{a, n, c};const udt::person senior_programmer{{42}, {"王芳"}, udt::country::china};const udt::address addr{"Paris"};const udt::contact cpp_programmer{sfinae_addict, addr};const udt::book_id large_id{static_cast<udt::book_id>(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(1) << 63)}; // verify large unsigned enums are handled correctlyconst udt::contact_book book{{"C++"}, static_cast<udt::book_id>(42u), {cpp_programmer, {senior_programmer, addr}}};SECTION("conversion to json via free-functions"){CHECK(json(a) == json(23));CHECK(json(n) == json("theo"));CHECK(json(c) == json("France"));CHECK(json(sfinae_addict) == R"({"name":"theo", "age":23, "country":"France"})"_json);CHECK(json("Paris") == json(addr));CHECK(json(cpp_programmer) ==R"({"person" : {"age":23, "name":"theo", "country":"France"}, "address":"Paris"})"_json);#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONCHECK(json(large_id) == json(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(1) << 63));CHECK(json(large_id) > 0u);CHECK(to_string(json(large_id)) == "9223372036854775808");CHECK(json(large_id).is_number_unsigned());#endif#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONCHECK(json(book) ==R"({"name":"C++", "id":42, "contacts" : [{"person" : {"age":23, "name":"theo", "country":"France"}, "address":"Paris"}, {"person" : {"age":42, "country":"中华人民共和国", "name":"王芳"}, "address":"Paris"}]})"_json);#elseCHECK(json(book) ==R"({"name":"C++", "contacts" : [{"person" : {"age":23, "name":"theo", "country":"France"}, "address":"Paris"}, {"person" : {"age":42, "country":"中华人民共和国", "name":"王芳"}, "address":"Paris"}]})"_json);#endif}SECTION("conversion from json via free-functions"){const auto big_json =R"({"name":"C++", "id":42, "contacts" : [{"person" : {"age":23, "name":"theo", "country":"France"}, "address":"Paris"}, {"person" : {"age":42, "country":"中华人民共和国", "name":"王芳"}, "address":"Paris"}]})"_json;SECTION("via explicit calls to get"){const auto parsed_book = big_json.get<udt::contact_book>();const auto book_name = big_json["name"].get<udt::name>();#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONconst auto book_id = big_json["id"].get<udt::book_id>();#endifconst auto contacts =big_json["contacts"].get<std::vector<udt::contact>>();const auto contact_json = big_json["contacts"].at(0);const auto contact = contact_json.get<udt::contact>();const auto person = contact_json["person"].get<udt::person>();const auto address = contact_json["address"].get<udt::address>();const auto age = contact_json["person"]["age"].get<udt::age>();const auto country =contact_json["person"]["country"].get<udt::country>();const auto name = contact_json["person"]["name"].get<udt::name>();CHECK(age == a);CHECK(name == n);CHECK(country == c);CHECK(address == addr);CHECK(person == sfinae_addict);CHECK(contact == cpp_programmer);CHECK(contacts == book.m_contacts);CHECK(book_name == udt::name{"C++"});#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONCHECK(book_id == book.m_book_id);CHECK(book == parsed_book);#endif}SECTION("via explicit calls to get_to"){udt::person person;udt::name name;json person_json = big_json["contacts"][0]["person"];CHECK(person_json.get_to(person) == sfinae_addict);// correct reference gets returnedperson_json["name"].get_to(name).m_val = "new name";CHECK(name.m_val == "new name");}#if JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONSSECTION("implicit conversions"){const udt::contact_book parsed_book = big_json;const udt::name book_name = big_json["name"];#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONconst udt::book_id book_id = big_json["id"];#endifconst std::vector<udt::contact> contacts = big_json["contacts"];const auto contact_json = big_json["contacts"].at(0);const udt::contact contact = contact_json;const udt::person person = contact_json["person"];const udt::address address = contact_json["address"];const udt::age age = contact_json["person"]["age"];const udt::country country = contact_json["person"]["country"];const udt::name name = contact_json["person"]["name"];CHECK(age == a);CHECK(name == n);CHECK(country == c);CHECK(address == addr);CHECK(person == sfinae_addict);CHECK(contact == cpp_programmer);CHECK(contacts == book.m_contacts);CHECK(book_name == udt::name{"C++"});#ifndef SKIP_TESTS_FOR_ENUM_SERIALIZATIONCHECK(book_id == static_cast<udt::book_id>(42u));CHECK(book == parsed_book);#endif}#endif}}namespace udt{struct legacy_type{std::string number{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)legacy_type() = default;legacy_type(std::string n) : number(std::move(n)) {}};} // namespace udtnamespace nlohmann{template <typename T>struct adl_serializer<std::shared_ptr<T>>{static void to_json(json& j, const std::shared_ptr<T>& opt){if (opt){j = *opt;}else{j = nullptr;}}static void from_json(const json& j, std::shared_ptr<T>& opt){if (j.is_null()){opt = nullptr;}else{opt.reset(new T(j.get<T>())); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory)}}};template <>struct adl_serializer<udt::legacy_type>{static void to_json(json& j, const udt::legacy_type& l){j = std::stoi(l.number);}static void from_json(const json& j, udt::legacy_type& l){l.number = std::to_string(j.get<int>());}};} // namespace nlohmannTEST_CASE("adl_serializer specialization" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){SECTION("partial specialization"){SECTION("to_json"){std::shared_ptr<udt::person> optPerson;json j = optPerson;CHECK(j.is_null());optPerson.reset(new udt::person{{42}, {"John Doe"}, udt::country::russia}); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory,modernize-make-shared)j = optPerson;CHECK_FALSE(j.is_null());CHECK(j.get<udt::person>() == *optPerson);}SECTION("from_json"){auto person = udt::person{{42}, {"John Doe"}, udt::country::russia};json j = person;auto optPerson = j.get<std::shared_ptr<udt::person>>();REQUIRE(optPerson);CHECK(*optPerson == person);j = nullptr;optPerson = j.get<std::shared_ptr<udt::person>>();CHECK(!optPerson);}}SECTION("total specialization"){SECTION("to_json"){udt::legacy_type const lt{"4242"};json const j = lt;CHECK(j.get<int>() == 4242);}SECTION("from_json"){json const j = 4242;auto lt = j.get<udt::legacy_type>();CHECK(lt.number == "4242");}}}namespace nlohmann{template <>struct adl_serializer<std::vector<float>>{using type = std::vector<float>;static void to_json(json& j, const type& /*type*/){j = "hijacked!";}static void from_json(const json& /*unnamed*/, type& opt){opt = {42.0, 42.0, 42.0};}// preferred versionstatic type from_json(const json& /*unnamed*/){return {4.0, 5.0, 6.0};}};} // namespace nlohmannTEST_CASE("even supported types can be specialized" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){json const j = std::vector<float> {1.0, 2.0, 3.0};CHECK(j.dump() == R"("hijacked!")");auto f = j.get<std::vector<float>>();// the single argument from_json method is preferredCHECK((f == std::vector<float> {4.0, 5.0, 6.0}));}namespace nlohmann{template <typename T>struct adl_serializer<std::unique_ptr<T>>{static void to_json(json& j, const std::unique_ptr<T>& opt){if (opt){j = *opt;}else{j = nullptr;}}// this is the overload needed for non-copyable types,static std::unique_ptr<T> from_json(const json& j){if (j.is_null()){return nullptr;}return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(j.get<T>()));}};} // namespace nlohmannTEST_CASE("Non-copyable types" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){SECTION("to_json"){std::unique_ptr<udt::person> optPerson;json j = optPerson;CHECK(j.is_null());optPerson.reset(new udt::person{{42}, {"John Doe"}, udt::country::russia}); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory,modernize-make-unique)j = optPerson;CHECK_FALSE(j.is_null());CHECK(j.get<udt::person>() == *optPerson);}SECTION("from_json"){auto person = udt::person{{42}, {"John Doe"}, udt::country::russia};json j = person;auto optPerson = j.get<std::unique_ptr<udt::person>>();REQUIRE(optPerson);CHECK(*optPerson == person);j = nullptr;optPerson = j.get<std::unique_ptr<udt::person>>();CHECK(!optPerson);}}// custom serializer - advanced usage// pack structs that are pod-types (but not scalar types)// relies on adl for any other typetemplate <typename T, typename = void>struct pod_serializer{// use adl for non-pods, or scalar typestemplate <typename BasicJsonType, typename U = T,typename std::enable_if <!(std::is_pod<U>::value && std::is_class<U>::value), int >::type = 0 >static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, U& t){using nlohmann::from_json;from_json(j, t);}// special behaviour for podstemplate < typename BasicJsonType, typename U = T,typename std::enable_if <std::is_pod<U>::value && std::is_class<U>::value, int >::type = 0 >static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, U& t){std::uint64_t value = 0;// The following block is no longer relevant in this serializer, make another one that shows the issue// the problem arises only when one from_json method is defined without any constraint//// Why cannot we simply use: j.get<std::uint64_t>() ?// Well, with the current experiment, the get method looks for a from_json// function, which we are currently defining!// This would end up in a stack overflow. Calling nlohmann::from_json is a// workaround (is it?).// I shall find a good way to avoid this once all constructors are converted// to free methods//// In short, constructing a json by constructor calls to_json// calling get calls from_json, for now, we cannot do this in custom// serializersnlohmann::from_json(j, value);auto* bytes = static_cast<char*>(static_cast<void*>(&value)); // NOLINT(bugprone-casting-through-void)std::memcpy(&t, bytes, sizeof(value));}template <typename BasicJsonType, typename U = T,typename std::enable_if <!(std::is_pod<U>::value && std::is_class<U>::value), int >::type = 0 >static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t){using nlohmann::to_json;to_json(j, t);}template < typename BasicJsonType, typename U = T,typename std::enable_if <std::is_pod<U>::value && std::is_class<U>::value, int >::type = 0 >static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t) noexcept{const auto* bytes = static_cast< const unsigned char*>(static_cast<const void*>(&t)); // NOLINT(bugprone-casting-through-void)std::uint64_t value = 0;std::memcpy(&value, bytes, sizeof(value));nlohmann::to_json(j, value);}};namespace udt{struct small_pod{int begin;char middle;short end;};struct non_pod{std::string s{}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)non_pod() = default;non_pod(std::string S) : s(std::move(S)) {}};template <typename BasicJsonType>static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const non_pod& np){j = np.s;}template <typename BasicJsonType>static void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, non_pod& np){np.s = j.template get<std::string>();}static bool operator==(small_pod lhs, small_pod rhs) noexcept{return std::tie(lhs.begin, lhs.middle, lhs.end) ==std::tie(rhs.begin, rhs.middle, rhs.end);}static bool operator==(const non_pod& lhs, const non_pod& rhs) noexcept{return lhs.s == rhs.s;}static std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, small_pod l){return os << "begin: " << l.begin << ", middle: " << l.middle << ", end: " << l.end;}} // namespace udtTEST_CASE("custom serializer for pods" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){using custom_json =nlohmann::basic_json<std::map, std::vector, std::string, bool,std::int64_t, std::uint64_t, double, std::allocator, pod_serializer>;auto p = udt::small_pod{42, '/', 42};custom_json const j = p;auto p2 = j.get<udt::small_pod>();CHECK(p == p2);auto np = udt::non_pod{{"non-pod"}};custom_json const j2 = np;auto np2 = j2.get<udt::non_pod>();CHECK(np == np2);}template <typename T, typename>struct another_adl_serializer;using custom_json = nlohmann::basic_json<std::map, std::vector, std::string, bool, std::int64_t, std::uint64_t, double, std::allocator, another_adl_serializer>;template <typename T, typename>struct another_adl_serializer{static void from_json(const custom_json& j, T& t){using nlohmann::from_json;from_json(j, t);}static void to_json(custom_json& j, const T& t){using nlohmann::to_json;to_json(j, t);}};TEST_CASE("custom serializer that does adl by default" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){auto me = udt::person{{23}, {"theo"}, udt::country::france};json const j = me;custom_json const cj = me;CHECK(j.dump() == cj.dump());CHECK(me == j.get<udt::person>());CHECK(me == cj.get<udt::person>());}TEST_CASE("different basic_json types conversions"){SECTION("null"){json const j;custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == nullptr);}SECTION("boolean"){json const j = true;custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == true);}SECTION("discarded"){json const j(json::value_t::discarded);custom_json cj;CHECK_NOTHROW(cj = j);CHECK(cj.type() == custom_json::value_t::discarded);}SECTION("array"){json const j = {1, 2, 3};custom_json const cj = j;CHECK((cj == std::vector<int> {1, 2, 3}));}SECTION("integer"){json const j = 42;custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == 42);}SECTION("float"){json const j = 42.0;custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == 42.0);}SECTION("unsigned"){json const j = 42u;custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == 42u);}SECTION("string"){json const j = "forty-two";custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj == "forty-two");}SECTION("binary"){json j = json::binary({1, 2, 3}, 42);custom_json cj = j;CHECK(cj.get_binary().subtype() == 42);std::vector<std::uint8_t> cv = cj.get_binary();std::vector<std::uint8_t> v = j.get_binary();CHECK(cv == v);}SECTION("object"){json const j = {{"forty", "two"}};custom_json cj = j;auto m = j.get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();CHECK(cj == m);}SECTION("get<custom_json>"){json const j = 42;custom_json cj = j.get<custom_json>();CHECK(cj == 42);}}namespace{struct incomplete;// std::is_constructible is broken on macOS' libc++// use the cppreference implementationtemplate <typename T, typename = void>struct is_constructible_patched : std::false_type {};template <typename T>struct is_constructible_patched<T, decltype(void(json(std::declval<T>())))> : std::true_type {};} // namespaceTEST_CASE("an incomplete type does not trigger a compiler error in non-evaluated context" * doctest::test_suite("udt")){static_assert(!is_constructible_patched<json, incomplete>::value, "");}namespace{class Evil{public:Evil() = default;template <typename T>Evil(T t) : m_i(sizeof(t)){static_cast<void>(t); // fix MSVC's C4100 warning}int m_i = 0;};void from_json(const json& /*unused*/, Evil& /*unused*/) {}} // namespaceTEST_CASE("Issue #924"){// Prevent get<std::vector<Evil>>() to throwauto j = json::array();CHECK_NOTHROW(j.get<Evil>());CHECK_NOTHROW(j.get<std::vector<Evil>>());// silence Wunused-template warningsEvil e(1);CHECK(e.m_i >= 0);}TEST_CASE("Issue #1237"){struct non_convertible_type {};static_assert(!std::is_convertible<json, non_convertible_type>::value, "");}namespace{class no_iterator_type{public:no_iterator_type(std::initializer_list<int> l): _v(l){}std::vector<int>::const_iterator begin() const{return _v.begin();}std::vector<int>::const_iterator end() const{return _v.end();}private:std::vector<int> _v;};} // namespaceTEST_CASE("compatible array type, without iterator type alias"){no_iterator_type const vec{1, 2, 3};json const j = vec;}DOCTEST_GCC_SUPPRESS_WARNING_POP
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