class StackOverflowError(BaseException):
 pass


class Stack:
 """A stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of
 elements with two principal operations: push() and pop(). push() adds an
 element to the top of the stack, and pop() removes an element from the top
 of a stack. The order in which elements come off of a stack are
 Last In, First Out (LIFO).
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_(abstract_data_type)
 """

 def __init__(self, limit: int = 10):
 self.stack = []
 self.limit = limit

 def __bool__(self) -> bool:
 return bool(self.stack)

 def __str__(self) -> str:
 return str(self.stack)

 def push(self, data):
 """ Push an element to the top of the stack."""
 if len(self.stack) >= self.limit:
 raise StackOverflowError
 self.stack.append(data)

 def pop(self):
 """ Pop an element off of the top of the stack."""
 return self.stack.pop()

 def peek(self):
 """ Peek at the top-most element of the stack."""
 return self.stack[-1]

 def is_empty(self) -> bool:
 """ Check if a stack is empty."""
 return not bool(self.stack)

 def is_full(self) -> bool:
 return self.size() == self.limit

 def size(self) -> int:
 """ Return the size of the stack."""
 return len(self.stack)

 def __contains__(self, item) -> bool:
 """Check if item is in stack"""
 return item in self.stack


def test_stack() -> None:
 """
 >>> test_stack()
 """
 stack = Stack(10)
 assert bool(stack) is False
 assert stack.is_empty() is True
 assert stack.is_full() is False
 assert str(stack) == "[]"

 try:
 _ = stack.pop()
 assert False # This should not happen
 except IndexError:
 assert True # This should happen

 try:
 _ = stack.peek()
 assert False # This should not happen
 except IndexError:
 assert True # This should happen

 for i in range(10):
 assert stack.size() == i
 stack.push(i)

 assert bool(stack) is True
 assert stack.is_empty() is False
 assert stack.is_full() is True
 assert str(stack) == str(list(range(10)))
 assert stack.pop() == 9
 assert stack.peek() == 8

 stack.push(100)
 assert str(stack) == str([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 100])

 try:
 stack.push(200)
 assert False # This should not happen
 except StackOverflowError:
 assert True # This should happen

 assert stack.is_empty() is False
 assert stack.size() == 10

 assert 5 in stack
 assert 55 not in stack


if __name__ == "__main__":
 test_stack()