Chapters ▾

  1. 1. Getting Started

    1. 1.1 About Version Control
    2. 1.2 A Short History of Git
    3. 1.3 What is Git?
    4. 1.4 The Command Line
    5. 1.5 Installing Git
    6. 1.6 First-Time Git Setup
    7. 1.7 Getting Help
    8. 1.8 Summary

  2. 2. Git Basics

    1. 2.1 Getting a Git Repository
    2. 2.2 Recording Changes to the Repository
    3. 2.3 Viewing the Commit History
    4. 2.4 Undoing Things
    5. 2.5 Working with Remotes
    6. 2.6 Tagging
    7. 2.7 Git Aliases
    8. 2.8 Summary

  3. 3. Git Branching

    1. 3.1 Branches in a Nutshell
    2. 3.2 Basic Branching and Merging
    3. 3.3 Branch Management
    4. 3.4 Branching Workflows
    5. 3.5 Remote Branches
    6. 3.6 Rebasing
    7. 3.7 Summary

  4. 4. Git on the Server

    1. 4.1 The Protocols
    2. 4.2 Getting Git on a Server
    3. 4.3 Generating Your SSH Public Key
    4. 4.4 Setting Up the Server
    5. 4.5 Git Daemon
    6. 4.6 Smart HTTP
    7. 4.7 GitWeb
    8. 4.8 GitLab
    9. 4.9 Third Party Hosted Options
    10. 4.10 Summary

  5. 5. Distributed Git

    1. 5.1 Distributed Workflows
    2. 5.2 Contributing to a Project
    3. 5.3 Maintaining a Project
    4. 5.4 Summary

  1. 6. GitHub

    1. 6.1 Account Setup and Configuration
    2. 6.2 Contributing to a Project
    3. 6.3 Maintaining a Project
    4. 6.4 Managing an organization
    5. 6.5 Scripting GitHub
    6. 6.6 Summary

  2. 7. Git Tools

    1. 7.1 Revision Selection
    2. 7.2 Interactive Staging
    3. 7.3 Stashing and Cleaning
    4. 7.4 Signing Your Work
    5. 7.5 Searching
    6. 7.6 Rewriting History
    7. 7.7 Reset Demystified
    8. 7.8 Advanced Merging
    9. 7.9 Rerere
    10. 7.10 Debugging with Git
    11. 7.11 Submodules
    12. 7.12 Bundling
    13. 7.13 Replace
    14. 7.14 Credential Storage
    15. 7.15 Summary

  3. 8. Customizing Git

    1. 8.1 Git Configuration
    2. 8.2 Git Attributes
    3. 8.3 Git Hooks
    4. 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy
    5. 8.5 Summary

  4. 9. Git and Other Systems

    1. 9.1 Git as a Client
    2. 9.2 Migrating to Git
    3. 9.3 Summary

  5. 10. Git Internals

    1. 10.1 Plumbing and Porcelain
    2. 10.2 Git Objects
    3. 10.3 Git References
    4. 10.4 Packfiles
    5. 10.5 The Refspec
    6. 10.6 Transfer Protocols
    7. 10.7 Maintenance and Data Recovery
    8. 10.8 Environment Variables
    9. 10.9 Summary
2nd Edition

4.7 Git on the Server - GitWeb

GitWeb

Now that you have basic read/write and read-only access to your project, you may want to set up a simple web-based visualizer. Git comes with a CGI script called GitWeb that is sometimes used for this.

The GitWeb web-based user interface
Figure 49. The GitWeb web-based user interface

If you want to check out what GitWeb would look like for your project, Git comes with a command to fire up a temporary instance if you have a lightweight web server on your system like lighttpd or webrick. On Linux machines, lighttpd is often installed, so you may be able to get it to run by typing git instaweb in your project directory. If you’re running macOS, Leopard comes preinstalled with Ruby, so webrick may be your best bet. To start instaweb with a non-lighttpd handler, you can run it with the --httpd option.

$ git instaweb --httpd=webrick
[2009年02月21日 10:02:21] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
[2009年02月21日 10:02:21] INFO ruby 1.8.6 (2008年03月03日) [universal-darwin9.0]

That starts up an HTTPD server on port 1234 and then automatically starts a web browser that opens on that page. It’s pretty easy on your part. When you’re done and want to shut down the server, you can run the same command with the --stop option:

$ git instaweb --httpd=webrick --stop

If you want to run the web interface on a server all the time for your team or for an open source project you’re hosting, you’ll need to set up the CGI script to be served by your normal web server. Some Linux distributions have a gitweb package that you may be able to install via apt or dnf, so you may want to try that first. We’ll walk through installing GitWeb manually very quickly. First, you need to get the Git source code, which GitWeb comes with, and generate the custom CGI script:

$ git clone https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
$ cd git/
$ make GITWEB_PROJECTROOT="/srv/git" prefix=/usr gitweb
 SUBDIR gitweb
 SUBDIR ../
make[2]: `GIT-VERSION-FILE' is up to date.
 GEN gitweb.cgi
 GEN static/gitweb.js
$ sudo cp -Rf gitweb /var/www/

Notice that you have to tell the command where to find your Git repositories with the GITWEB_PROJECTROOT variable. Now, you need to make Apache use CGI for that script, for which you can add a VirtualHost:

<VirtualHost *:80>
 ServerName gitserver
 DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
 <Directory /var/www/gitweb>
 Options +ExecCGI +FollowSymLinks +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
 AllowOverride All
 order allow,deny
 Allow from all
 AddHandler cgi-script cgi
 DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
 </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Again, GitWeb can be served with any CGI or Perl capable web server; if you prefer to use something else, it shouldn’t be difficult to set up. At this point, you should be able to visit http://gitserver/ to view your repositories online.

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