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corn

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: -corn , còrn , Còrn , and Corn

English

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Corn (etymology 1, noun sense 2, Zea mays )

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh2-
Proto-Indo-European *-nóm
Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2-nós
Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm
Proto-Germanic *kurną
Proto-West Germanic *korn
Old English corn
Middle English corn
English corn

    Inherited from Middle English corn , from Old English corn , from Proto-West Germanic *korn , from Proto-Germanic *kurną , from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm ("grain; worn-down"), from *ǵerh2- ("grow old, mature").

    Cognate with Dutch koren , German Low German Koorn , German Korn , Danish , Norwegian Bokmål , Norwegian Nynorsk , and Swedish korn ; see also Albanian grurë ,[1] Russian зерно́ (zernó), Czech zrno , Latin grānum and Lithuanian žirnis . Doublet of grain , gram , granum , and grao .

    The sense maize (Zea mays ) is an ellipsis of Indian corn that developed in 18th century North America.[2]

    Noun

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    corn (usually uncountable , plural corns )

    1. (Commonwealth , but not Australia or New Zealand, uncountable ) Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region.
      Synonyms: cereal , grain
      Hyponyms: wheat , barley , rye , maize , corn (maize sense)
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, [...] (King James Version), London: [...] Robert Barker, [...], →OCLC, Genesis 42:2, column 2:
        And hee said, Beholde, I haue heard that there is corne in Egypt: get you downe thither and buy for vs from thence, that we may liue, and not die.
      • 1847, John Mason Neale, Stories from heathen mythology and Greek history, page 115:
        Among the divinities that dwelt on Mount Olympus, none was more friendly to the husbandman than Demeter, goddess of corn.
      • 1887, Karl Marx, "The Working Day", in Samuel Moore and Edward Aveling, transl., edited by Frederick [i.e., Friedrich] Engels, Capital: A Critical Analysis of Capitalist Production: Translated from the Third German Edition , volume I, London: Swan Sonnenschein, Lowrey, & Co., [...], →OCLC, part III (The Production of Absolute Surplus-value), section 6 (The Struggle for the Normal Working Day. [...]), page 267:
        Moreover, however much the individual manufacturer might give the rein to his old lust for gain, the spokesmen and political leaders of the manufacturing class ordered a change of front and of speech towards the workpeople. They had entered upon the contest for the repeal of the Corn Laws, and needed the workers to help them to victory. They promised, therefore, not only a double-sized loaf of bread, but the enactment of the Ten Hours' Bill in the Free Trade millenium.
      • 1887, James Death, The Beer of the Bible: One of the Hitherto Unknown Leavens of Exodus. [...], page 12:
        [T]here exists arguments in favour of regarding one of the eatable varieties of "leaven," Machmetzeth, as the beer of the Hebrews. The mention of beer by the Egyptians is frequent; under the name of Hek, two intoxicating beverages are included. The components of these beers, individually, are not known: one was made from corn, the other was a medicated or sweetened beer, due to the addition of honey, or system of brewing.
      • 1909, Johann David Wyss (Susannah Mary Paull, translator), The Swiss Family Robinson , page 462:
        I found that we had nearly a hundred bushels of corn, including wheat, maize, and barley, to add to our store.
    2. (US , Canada , Australia , New Zealand , uncountable ) Maize, a grain crop of the species Zea mays .
      Synonym: Indian corn (obsolete sense)
      Hypernyms: grain , corn (grain sense)
      Hyponyms: field corn , dent corn , grain corn , sweet corn , Indian corn (current sense)
      • 1809, Edward Augustus Kendall, Travels Through the Northern Parts of the United States‎[3] :
        The planting or sowing of maize, exclusively called corn, was just accomplished on the Town Hill, when I reached it.
      • 1998 February 18, Colin G. Calloway, New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America‎[4] , JHU Press, →ISBN, pages 51–52:
        Corn was the staff of life for many Indian people before contact, and it became the staff of life for many European colonists. Corn was higher in nutrition than most other grain crops. John Lawson, who travelled in South Carolina and into the interior Indian country in 1701, was one of the many colonists who sang the praises of corn.
    3. A single seed of a food crop, especially a cereal grass crop.
      Synonym: grain
      He paid her the nominal fee of two corns of barley.
    4. A small, hard particle.
      • 1612–1626, Joseph Hall, "[Contemplations upon the Principal Passages in the Holy Story. Book I.] Of Man.", in Josiah Pratt, editor, The Works of the Right Reverend Father in God, Joseph Hall, D.D. [...], volume I (Contemplations), London: [...] C[harles] Whittingham, [...]; for Williams and Smith, [...], published 1808, →OCLC, part IV (Contemplations on the Old Testament), page 8:
        The least corn of sand is not so small to the whole earth, as man is to the heaven:[...]
      • 1852, Thomas Antisell, Hand-book of the Useful Arts:
        corns of powder
    5. (uncountable ) A type of granular snow formed by repeated melting and refreezing, often in mountain spring conditions.
      Synonym: corn snow
    6. (Jamaica , MLE , slang , firearms , uncountable ) Bullets, ammunition, and charge and discharge of firearms.
      • 2014 June 9, Andrae Hugh Sutherland respectively Popcaan of Popcaan, "Where We Come From" (track 13), in Where We Come From‎[5] :
        R.I.P Scumpy ah you did say Popcaan
        And if a boy diss we clap corn.
      • 2016 September 9, Liquez respectively Dimzy of 67, "Jump Out Gang" (track 7), in Let’s Lurk‎[6] :
        We got spinners and dotties
        We got .40s and MACs
        We got nuff live corn
        [...] See the four-door pausing
        Skengs out, everyone runnin
        But the corn just slapped and floored em
        50 shots in that mop
    7. (Jamaica , slang , uncountable ) Money.
      • 1984, Smiley Culture, Cockney Translator (song title)‎[7] :
        You know dem have wedge while we have corn. Say Cockney say be first, my son! We just say Gwan!
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Translations
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    main cereal crop or staple in a given region
    grain crop of the species Zea mays — see maize
    grain or seed of a cereal crop
    small, hard particle
    See also
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    Verb

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    corn (third-person singular simple present corns , present participle corning , simple past and past participle corned ) (transitive )

    1. (US , Canada ) To granulate; to form (a substance) into grains.
      to corn gunpowder
    2. (US , Canada ) To preserve using coarse salt, e.g. corned beef.
    3. (US , Canada ) To provide (an animal) with corn (typically maize; or, in Scotland, oats) for feed.
      Corn the horses.
    4. (transitive , obsolete ) To render intoxicated.
      ale strong enough to corn one
    5. (Jamaica , MLE , slang ) To shoot up with bullets as by a shotgun (corn ).
      • 2019 September 11, Yanko, "Next Up", in #ACGK‎[8] , 1:49 :
        Anywhere, anytime, I'll get him, if he's in love; I'll corn his wedding
        He backed his wetter, I backed my wetter but who really held that wetting?
    Translations
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    preserve with salt

    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-
    Proto-Indo-European *-h2
    ?
    Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh2- der.
    Proto-Italic *kornū
    Latin cornū̆
    Latin cornua
    Vulgar Latin *corna
    Old French corne bor.
    Middle English corne
    English corn

      Inherited from Middle English corne , from Old French corn (modern French cor ), from Latin cornū . Doublet of corno , cornu , and horn .

      Feet with corns

      Noun

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      corn (plural corns )

      1. A type of callus, usually on the feet or hands.
        Synonym: clavus
      2. (veterinary medicine ) An inflammatory disease of a horse's hoof, at the caudal part of the sole.
      3. (veterinary medicine ) Skin hyperplasia with underlying fibroma between both digits of cattle.
      Hyponyms
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      Translations
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      type of callus — see also callus,‎ clavus

      Etymology 3

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      From corny .

      Noun

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      corn (uncountable )

      1. (US , Canada ) Something (e.g., acting, humour, music, or writing) which is deemed old-fashioned or intended to induce emotion.[3]
        • 1975, Tschirlie, Backpacker:
          He had a sharp wit, true enough, but also a good, healthy mountaineer's love of pure corn, the slapstick stuff, the in-jokes that get funnier with every repetition and never amuse anybody who wasn't there.
        • 1986, Linda Martin, Kerry Segrave, Women in Comedy:
          There were lots of jokes on the show and they were pure corn, but the audience didn't mind.
        • 2007, Bob L. Cox, Fiddlin' Charlie Bowman: an East Tennessee old-time music pioneer and his musical family:
          The bulk of this humor was pure corn, but as hillbilly material it was meant to be that way.
      Derived terms
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      Etymology 4

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      Rhyming euphemism for porn , and with influence from the emoji substitute 🌽 .

      Noun

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      corn (uncountable )

      1. (Internet , euphemistic ) pornography; porn
      Derived terms
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      References

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      1. ^ An Albanian Historical Grammar, Suart E. Mann, Buske, 1977, p.55
      2. ^ H. L. Mencken (1921), The American Language , New York: Alfred A. Knopf, page 63:
        The earliest settlers, following this usage, gave the name of Indian corn to what the Spaniards[...] had called maíz. [...] But gradually the adjective fell off, and by the middle of the eighteenth century maize was called simply corn and grains in general were called breadstuffs.
      3. ^ "Corn (emotion)", in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary‎[1] , Cambridge University Press, 23 November 2007 (last accessed), archived from the original on 4 December 2007

      Anagrams

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      Catalan

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      Etymology

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      Inherited from Latin cornū

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      corn m (plural corns )

      1. horn (of an animal)
        Synonym: banya
      2. (music ) horn
      3. sea snail

      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      Irish

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      Irish Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia ga
      Corn (1)
      Corn (2)

      Etymology

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      From Old Irish corn ("drinking horn"), from Latin cornū .

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      corn m (genitive singular coirn , nominative plural coirn )

      1. (music ) horn (any of several musical wind instruments)
      2. cup (a trophy in the shape of an oversized cup)

      Declension

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      Declension of corn (first declension)
      bare forms
      singular plural
      nominative corn coirn
      vocative a choirn a chorna
      genitive coirn corn
      dative corn coirn
      forms with the definite article
      singular plural
      nominative an corn na coirn
      genitive an choirn na gcorn
      dative leis an gcorn
      don chorn       		leis na coirn

      Derived terms

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      Verb

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      corn (present analytic cornann , future analytic cornfaidh , verbal noun cornadh , past participle corntha )

      1. (transitive ) to roll, coil

      Conjugation

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      Conjugation of corn (first conjugation – A)
      indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
      first second third first second third
      present cornaim cornann tú;
      cornair †       		cornann sé, sí cornaimid ; cornann muid cornann sibh cornann siad;
      cornaid †       		a chornann ; a chornas corntar
      past chorn mé; chornas chorn tú; chornais chorn sé, sí chornamar ; chorn muid chorn sibh; chornabhair chorn siad; chornadar a chorn cornadh
      past habitual chornainn  /
      cornainn ‡       		chorntá  /
      corntá ‡       		chornadh sé, sí /
      cornadh sé, sí‡       		chornaimis ; chornadh muid /
      cornaimis ‡; cornadh muid‡       		chornadh sibh /
      cornadh sibh‡       		chornaidís ; chornadh siad /
      cornaidís ‡; cornadh siad‡       		a chornadh chorntaí  /
      corntaí ‡
      singular plural direct relative autonomous
      first second third first second third
      future cornfaidh mé;
      cornfad       		cornfaidh tú;
      cornfair †       		cornfaidh sé, sí cornfaimid ;
      cornfaidh muid       		cornfaidh sibh cornfaidh siad;
      cornfaid †       		a chornfaidh ; a chornfas cornfar
      conditional chornfainn  /
      cornfainn ‡       		chornfá  /
      cornfá ‡       		chornfadh sé, sí /
      cornfadh sé, sí‡       		chornfaimis ; chornfadh muid /
      cornfaimis ‡; cornfadh muid‡       		chornfadh sibh /
      cornfadh sibh‡       		chornfaidís ; chornfadh siad /
      cornfaidís ‡; cornfadh siad‡       		a chornfadh chornfaí  /
      cornfaí ‡
      subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
      first second third first second third
      present go gcorna mé;
      go gcornad †       		go gcorna tú;
      go gcornair †       		go gcorna sé, sí go gcornaimid ;
      go gcorna muid       		go gcorna sibh go gcorna siad;
      go gcornaid †       		— go gcorntar
      past dá gcornainn dá gcorntá dá gcornadh sé, sí dá gcornaimis ;
      dá gcornadh muid       		dá gcornadh sibh dá gcornaidís ;
      dá gcornadh siad       		— dá gcorntaí
      imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
      first second third first second third
      — cornaim corn cornadh sé, sí cornaimis cornaigí ;
      cornaidh †       		cornaidís — corntar
      past participle corntha
      verbal noun cornadh

      † archaic or dialect form
      ‡ dependent form

      Alternative forms

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      Mutation

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      Mutated forms of corn
      radical lenition eclipsis
      corn chorn gcorn

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      References

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      1. ^ Ó Searcaigh, Séamus (1925), Foghraidheacht Ghaedhilge an Tuaiscirt [Pronunciation of Northern Irish]‎[2] (in Irish), Béal Feirste [Belfast]: Brún agus Ó Nualláin [Browne and Nolan], section 16, page 10

      Further reading

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      Middle English

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      Etymology 1

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      Etymology tree
      Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh2-
      Proto-Indo-European *-nóm
      Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2-nós
      Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm
      Proto-Germanic *kurną
      Proto-West Germanic *korn
      Old English corn
      Middle English corn

        Inherited from Old English corn , from Proto-West Germanic *korn , from Proto-Germanic *kurną , from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm . Doublet of greyn .

        Alternative forms

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        Pronunciation

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        • IPA (key): /kɔrn/, /koːrn/, /kurn/

        Noun

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        corn (plural corn or cornes )

        1. Any plant that bears grain, especially wheat.
        2. A field planted with such plants.
        3. Any kind of grain (especially as food)
          • p. 1154, "AD 1137", in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 89, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 8 February 2018:
            þa ƿas coꝛn dære: ⁊ flec ⁊ cæse ⁊ butere. foꝛ nan ƿæs o þe land. Ƿreccemen sturuen of hungær.
            Grain was precious then, and meat, cheese, and butter, because there wasn't any in the country. Wretched men died from hunger.
          • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎[9] , published c. 1410, Matheu 3:12, folio 2, recto, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
            whos wynewing cloþ is in his hond .· ⁊ he schal fulli clense his coꝛn flooꝛ / and he schal gadere his wheete in to his berne .· but þe chaf he schal bꝛenne wiþ fier þat mai not be quenchid
            His winnowing fan is in his hand; he'll fully clean his threshing-floor, he'll gather up his wheat into his barn, and he'll burn the chaff with unquenchable fire.
        4. A seed of a non-grain plant.
          • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎[10] , published c. 1410, Matheu 13:31-32, folio 6, verso, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
            An oþer parable ihesus puttide foꝛþ to hem. / ⁊ seide / þe kyngdom of heuenes is lijk to a coꝛn of seneuey · which a man took ⁊ sewe in his feeld · / which is þe leest of alle seedis / but whanne it haþ woxen .· it is the moost of alle woꝛtis · ⁊ is maad a tre / so þe bꝛiddis of þe eir comen ⁊ dwellen in þe bowis þerof.
            Jesus put another parable forwards to them, saying: "The Kingdom of Heaven is like a mustard seed that a person took and sowed in their field; / it is the smallest of all seeds, but when it has grown, it is the largest of all plants; it becomes a tree, so the birds of the air come and nest in its branches."
        5. A grain or seed used as a unit of weight.
        6. The optimum product; the superior portion.
        7. The deserving; those who are morally right.
        8. A bole (external tumourous growth).
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        Descendants
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        References

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        Etymology 2

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        Noun

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        corn

        1. alternative form of corne ("callus")

        Middle Welsh

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        Etymology

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        From Proto-Brythonic *korn , from Latin cornū .

        It is unclear whether the sense "swaddling clothes" is etymologically related. It could be a reference to the roughly hornlike shape of a swaddled baby, but compare Irish corn ("to roll, coil") (itself of unclear origin and not listed in the Dictionary of the Irish Language).

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        corn m (plural kyrn )

        1. (music ) horn
        2. swaddling clothes

        For quotations using this term, see Citations:corn.

        Descendants

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        Mutation

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        Mutated forms of corn
        radical soft nasal aspirate
        corn gorn corn / chorn
        pronounced with /ŋ̊-/        		 chorn

        Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Welsh.
        All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

        Old English

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        Etymology

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        Etymology tree
        Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh2-
        Proto-Indo-European *-nóm
        Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2-nós
        Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm
        Proto-Germanic *kurną
        Proto-West Germanic *korn
        Old English corn

          Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *korn , from Proto-Germanic *kurną , from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h2nóm ("grain").

          Cognate with Old Frisian korn , Old Saxon korn (Low German Koorn ), Dutch koren , Old High German korn , Old Norse korn , Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽 (kaurn).

          Pronunciation

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          Noun

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          corn n

          1. corn , a grain or seed
            • 880-1150, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
              Hīe wǣron benumene æġðer ġe ðæs ċēapes ġe ðæs cornes.
              They were deprived both of cattle and of corn.
          2. a cornlike pimple, a corn on the foot

          Declension

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          Strong a-stem:

          singular plural
          nominative corn corn
          accusative corn corn
          genitive cornes corna
          dative corne cornum

          Descendants

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          Old French

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          Alternative forms

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          Etymology

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            Inherited from Latin cornū .

            Noun

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            corn oblique singular, m (oblique plural corns , nominative singular corns , nominative plural corn)

            1. horn (a bony projection on the head of some animals)
            2. corner, angle, secluded place
            3. (figurative ) strength, power
            4. horn (an instrument used to create sound)
              Synonyms: olifan , graisle

            Descendants

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            References

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            Old Irish

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            Etymology

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            From Latin cornū .

            Pronunciation

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            Noun

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            corn m (genitive cuirn , nominative plural cuirn )

            1. drinking-horn, goblet

            Declension

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            Masculine o-stem
            singular dual plural
            nominative corn cornL cuirn L
            vocative cuirn cornL curnu H
            accusative cornN cornL curnu H
            genitive cuirn L corn cornN
            dative cornL cornaib cornaib
            Initial mutations of a following adjective:
            • H = triggers aspiration
            • L = triggers lenition
            • N = triggers nasalization

            Descendants

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            Mutation

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            Mutation of corn
            radical lenition nasalization
            corn chorn corn
            pronounced with /ɡ-/

            Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
            All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

            Further reading

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            Romanian

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            Pronunciation

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            Etymology 1

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            Inherited from Latin cornū .

            Noun

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            corn n (plural coarne )

            1. horn
            Declension
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            singular plural
            indefinite definite indefinite definite
            nominative-accusative corn cornul coarne coarnele
            genitive-dative corn cornului coarne coarnelor
            vocative cornule coarnelor
            Derived terms
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            Etymology 2

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            Inherited from Latin cornus .

            Noun

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            Flowers of the European Cornel; Florile cornului

            corn m (plural corni )

            1. cornel, European cornel, Cornus mas
            2. rafter (of a house)
            Declension
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            singular plural
            indefinite definite indefinite definite
            nominative-accusative corn cornul corni cornii
            genitive-dative corn cornului corni cornilor
            vocative cornule cornilor
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            See also

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            Scots

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            Etymology

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            Inherited from Middle English corn , from Old English corn .

            Noun

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            corn (plural corns )

            1. corn
            2. oats
            3. (in the plural ) crops (of grain )

            Verb

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            corn (third-person singular simple present corns , present participle cornin , simple past and past participle cornt )

            1. to feed (a horse) with oats or grain

            Welsh

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            Etymology

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            Inherited from Middle Welsh corn , from Proto-Brythonic *korn , from Latin cornū .

            Pronunciation

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            Noun

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            corn m (plural cyrn )

            1. horn
            2. antler
              Synonym: rhaidd
            3. chimney
              Synonym: simnai
            4. corn , callus
              Synonym: caleden

            Derived terms

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            Mutation

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            Mutated forms of corn
            radical soft nasal aspirate
            corn gorn nghorn chorn

            Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
            All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

            Further reading

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            • Griffiths, Bruce; Glyn Jones, Dafydd (1995), "horn", in Geiriadur yr Academi: The Welsh Academy English–Welsh Dictionary‎[11] , Cardiff: University of Wales Press, →ISBN
            • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), "corn", in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
            • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), "corn", in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

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