विष
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: वृष
Hindi
[edit ]Etymology
[edit ]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá).
Pronunciation
[edit ]- (Standard Hindi ) IPA (key): /ʋɪʂ/, [ʋɪʃ]
Noun
[edit ]विष • (viṣ) m (Urdu spelling وش )
- poison, venom
- मनुष्य के लिए, संखिया प्राण-घातक विष है।
- manuṣya ke lie, saṅkhiyā prāṇ-ghātak viṣ hai.
- For humans, arsenic is a deadly poison.
- छुआछूत हमारा समाज का विष है।
- chuāchūt hamārā samāj kā viṣ hai.
- Untouchability is a poison of our society.
Declension
[edit ]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | विष viṣ |
विष viṣ |
| oblique | विष viṣ |
विषों viṣõ |
| vocative | विष viṣ |
विषो viṣo |
Synonyms
[edit ]References
[edit ]- Bahri, Hardev (1989), "विष ", in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Platts, John T. (1884), "विष ", in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Marathi
[edit ]Etymology
[edit ]Etymology tree
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá). Displaced Old Marathi 𑘪𑘲𑘏 (vikha).
Pronunciation
[edit ]Noun
[edit ]Declension
[edit ]| Declension of विष (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
विष viṣ | ||
| direct plural |
विषे , विषं viṣe, viṣa | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
विष viṣ |
विषे , विषं viṣe, viṣa | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
विषा viṣā |
विषां- viṣān- | |
| accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
विषाला viṣālā |
विषांना viṣānnā | |
| ergative | विषाने , विषानं viṣāne, viṣāna |
विषांनी viṣānnī | |
| instrumental | विषाशी viṣāśī |
विषांशी viṣānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
विषात viṣāt |
विषांत viṣāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
विषा viṣā |
विषांनो viṣānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of विष (neut cons-stem) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | ||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
विषाचा viṣāċā |
विषाचे viṣāċe |
विषाची viṣācī |
विषाच्या viṣācā |
विषाचे , विषाचं viṣāċe, viṣāċa |
विषाची viṣācī |
विषाच्या viṣācā |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
विषांचा viṣānċā |
विषांचे viṣānċe |
विषांची viṣāñcī |
विषांच्या viṣāncā |
विषांचे , विषांचं viṣānċe, viṣānċa |
विषांची viṣāñcī |
विषांच्या viṣāñcā |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit ]References
[edit ]More information
- ^ Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), "विष ", in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- ^ Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), "विष ", in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- ^ दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), "विष ", in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
Further reading
[edit ]- Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), "विख", in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Sanskrit
[edit ]Alternative scripts
[edit ]Alternative scripts
- ৱিষ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬶᬱ (Balinese script)
- বিষ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰰𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀺𑀱 (Brahmi script)
- ဝိၑ (Burmese script)
- વિષ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਿਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌿𑌷 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦶꦰ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂱𑂭 (Kaithi script)
- ವಿಷ (Kannada script)
- វិឞ (Khmer script)
- ວິຩ (Lao script)
- വിഷ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡳᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘱𑘬 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠢᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧒𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐶𑐲 (Newa script)
- ଵିଷ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢶꢰ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆴𑆰 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖰𑖬 (Siddham script)
- විෂ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩑𑪀 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚮 (Takri script)
- விஷ (Tamil script)
- విష (Telugu script)
- วิษ (Thai script)
- ཝི་ཥ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒱𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨁𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology 1
[edit ]Etymology tree
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wiṣás , from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás , from Proto-Indo-European *wisós ("poison"). Cognate with Latin vīrus , Ancient Greek ἰός (iós), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬱𐬀 (vīša), Tocharian B wase , Middle Persian 𐭥(𐭩)𐭱 (ʿ(y)š /wiš/, "poison"), Middle Irish fí .[1]
Traditionally derived from the root विष् (viṣ, "to consume ").
Pronunciation
[edit ]Noun
[edit ]वि॒ष • (viṣá) stem, n or m
Declension
[edit ]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाणि॑ (viṣā́ṇi) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
| accusative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाणि॑ (viṣā́ṇi) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
| instrumental | वि॒षेण॑ (viṣéṇa) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षैः (viṣáiḥ) वि॒षेभिः॑1 (viṣébhiḥ1) |
| dative | वि॒षाय॑ (viṣā́ya) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वि॒षात् (viṣā́t) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वि॒षस्य॑ (viṣásya) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षाणा॑म् (viṣā́ṇām) |
| locative | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षेषु॑ (viṣéṣu) |
| vocative | विष॑ (víṣa) | विषे॑ (víṣe) | विषा॑णि (víṣāṇi) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
- 1Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वि॒षः (viṣáḥ) | वि॒षौ (viṣáu) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
वि॒षाः (viṣā́ḥ) वि॒षासः॑1 (viṣā́saḥ1) |
| accusative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षौ (viṣáu) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
वि॒षान् (viṣā́n) |
| instrumental | वि॒षेण॑ (viṣéṇa) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षैः (viṣáiḥ) वि॒षेभिः॑1 (viṣébhiḥ1) |
| dative | वि॒षाय॑ (viṣā́ya) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वि॒षात् (viṣā́t) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वि॒षस्य॑ (viṣásya) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षाणा॑म् (viṣā́ṇām) |
| locative | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षेषु॑ (viṣéṣu) |
| vocative | विष॑ (víṣa) | विषौ॑ (víṣau) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
विषाः॑ (víṣāḥ) विषा॑सः1 (víṣāsaḥ1) |
- 1Vedic
Descendants
[edit ]- Borrowed terms
- → Braj: विख (vikh)
- → Gujarati: વિષ (viṣ)
- → Hindi: विष (viṣ), विख (vikh)
- → Kannada: ವಿಷ (viṣa)
- → Khmer: ពិស (pɨh)
- → Malay: bisa
- > Indonesian: bisa (inherited)
- → Malayalam: വിഷം (viṣaṁ)
- → Marathi: विष (viṣ)
- → Middle Gujarati: विष
- → Old Javanese: wiṣa , biṣa , bisa
- > Javanese: ꦮꦶꦱ (wisa) (inherited)
- → Marwari: विख (vikh)
- → Tamil: விடம் (viṭam), விஷம் (viṣam), விசம் (vicam)
- → Telugu: విషము (viṣamu)
- → Thai: พิษ (pít)
Adjective
[edit ]वि॒ष • (viṣá) stem
Declension
[edit ]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वि॒षः (viṣáḥ) | वि॒षौ (viṣáu) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
वि॒षाः (viṣā́ḥ) वि॒षासः॑1 (viṣā́saḥ1) |
| accusative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षौ (viṣáu) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
वि॒षान् (viṣā́n) |
| instrumental | वि॒षेण॑ (viṣéṇa) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षैः (viṣáiḥ) वि॒षेभिः॑1 (viṣébhiḥ1) |
| dative | वि॒षाय॑ (viṣā́ya) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वि॒षात् (viṣā́t) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वि॒षस्य॑ (viṣásya) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षाणा॑म् (viṣā́ṇām) |
| locative | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षेषु॑ (viṣéṣu) |
| vocative | विष॑ (víṣa) | विषौ॑ (víṣau) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
विषाः॑ (víṣāḥ) विषा॑सः1 (víṣāsaḥ1) |
- 1Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वि॒षा (viṣā́) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाः (viṣā́ḥ) |
| accusative | वि॒षाम् (viṣā́m) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाः (viṣā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | वि॒षया॑ (viṣáyā) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षाभिः॑ (viṣā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | वि॒षायै॑ (viṣā́yai) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षाभ्यः॑ (viṣā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वि॒षायाः॑ (viṣā́yāḥ) वि॒षायै॑2 (viṣā́yai2) |
वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षाभ्यः॑ (viṣā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वि॒षायाः॑ (viṣā́yāḥ) वि॒षायै॑2 (viṣā́yai2) |
वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षाणा॑म् (viṣā́ṇām) |
| locative | वि॒षाया॑म् (viṣā́yām) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षासु॑ (viṣā́su) |
| vocative | विषे॑ (víṣe) | विषे॑ (víṣe) | विषाः॑ (víṣāḥ) |
- 1Vedic
- 2Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाणि॑ (viṣā́ṇi) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
| accusative | वि॒षम् (viṣám) | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षाणि॑ (viṣā́ṇi) वि॒षा1 (viṣā́1) |
| instrumental | वि॒षेण॑ (viṣéṇa) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षैः (viṣáiḥ) वि॒षेभिः॑1 (viṣébhiḥ1) |
| dative | वि॒षाय॑ (viṣā́ya) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वि॒षात् (viṣā́t) | वि॒षाभ्या॑म् (viṣā́bhyām) | वि॒षेभ्यः॑ (viṣébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वि॒षस्य॑ (viṣásya) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षाणा॑म् (viṣā́ṇām) |
| locative | वि॒षे (viṣé) | वि॒षयोः॑ (viṣáyoḥ) | वि॒षेषु॑ (viṣéṣu) |
| vocative | विष॑ (víṣa) | विषे॑ (víṣe) | विषा॑णि (víṣāṇi) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
- 1Vedic
Etymology 2
[edit ]From the root विष् (viṣ).
Pronunciation
[edit ]Noun
[edit ]विष॑ • (víṣa) stem, m
Declension
[edit ]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | विषः॑ (víṣaḥ) | विषौ॑ (víṣau) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
विषाः॑ (víṣāḥ) विषा॑सः1 (víṣāsaḥ1) |
| accusative | विष॑म् (víṣam) | विषौ॑ (víṣau) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
विषा॑न् (víṣān) |
| instrumental | विषे॑ण (víṣeṇa) | विषा॑भ्याम् (víṣābhyām) | विषैः॑ (víṣaiḥ) विषे॑भिः1 (víṣebhiḥ1) |
| dative | विषा॑य (víṣāya) | विषा॑भ्याम् (víṣābhyām) | विषे॑भ्यः (víṣebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | विषा॑त् (víṣāt) | विषा॑भ्याम् (víṣābhyām) | विषे॑भ्यः (víṣebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | विष॑स्य (víṣasya) | विष॑योः (víṣayoḥ) | विषा॑णाम् (víṣāṇām) |
| locative | विषे॑ (víṣe) | विष॑योः (víṣayoḥ) | विषे॑षु (víṣeṣu) |
| vocative | विष॑ (víṣa) | विषौ॑ (víṣau) विषा॑1 (víṣā1) |
विषाः॑ (víṣāḥ) विषा॑सः1 (víṣāsaḥ1) |
- 1Vedic
References
[edit ]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), "viṣá-", in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 563
Further reading
[edit ]- Monier Williams (1899), "विष", in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [...], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0995/2 .
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=विष&oldid=90331675"
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wisós
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wisós
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Marathi/iʂ
- Rhymes:Marathi/iʂ/1 syllable
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi neuter nouns
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi neuter consonant-stem nouns
- mr:Poisons
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wisós
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit nouns with multiple genders
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives