User:Untitledjuan/sandbox

The viceroyalty was subdivided into various jurisdictions under the legal and administrative authority of a real audiencia . A real audiencia was compossed of various oidores (a series of judges appointed by the monarch), with a presiding member being the President of the Real Audiencia, who ruled as governor-general of the provinces that fell under the jurisdiction of his corresponding real audiencia. These jurisdictions were often refered to as kingdoms (in the sense of a constituent kingdom within a larger realm) and formed the basis of many of the modern Hispanic American countries in the region. The viceroy in the city of Santa Fe had the highest authority, only below the Spanish monarch, in the territories of the viceroyalty, as he was also the president of the Real Audiencia of Santa Fe, and thus the governor-general of the New Kingdom of Granada. However, the Real Audiencia of Caracas was given autonomy within the viceroyalty after its creation by the Crown in 1786, granting them the status of a Captaincy General, which granted them the power to govern Venezuela independently from the authority of the viceroy in Santa Fe. Meanwhile, even though Quito and Tierra Firme had their own real audiencias and a degree of autonomy, the viceroy in Santa Fe was still the highest authority in those territories and could interfere in the everyday government of those regions.

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In 1508, the first colonial political and administrative subdivisions began to be made, in turn becoming the base for modern Colombia. The Kingdom of Tierra Firme was created that same year, becoming the first Spanish colonial territorial entity on the continental New World. It covered the northern coastal territories of South America and the southernmost territories of continental Central America, from the Guianas all the way to the Cabo Gracias a Dios, in modern-day Honduras and Nicaragua. This entity was created 16 years after Columbus' landing at Guanahani and 9 years after the moment Alonso de Ojeda landed at Cabo de la Vela, in the Guajira Peninsula, the northernmost point of continental South America.^[1]

The Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo was established by the Spanish Crown on September 14, 1526. Many of the Spanish colonial governorates and provinces that had been previously created on the Spanish Main were integrated to this audiencia and were administered from Santo Domingo until the creation of additional audiencias in Panama (1538), Bogotá (1549) and Quito (1565).

The Real Audiencia of Panama was established by the Spanish Crown on February 26, 1538. Its jurisdiction originally covered much of the Spanish territory assigned to the Catholic Monarchs by the Treaty of Tordesillas in South America, except for areas of modern-day Venezuela and eastern Colombia. It was abolished on November 20, 1542 after the creation of the Real Audiencia of Lima, which inherited the territorial jurisdiction previously assigned to the Real Audiencia of Panama.

The Real Audiencia of Quito was restablished by the Spanish Crown on March 26, 1722 as part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. It was part of the wider Viceroyalty of New Granada from 1722 to 1724 and it was then returned to the Viceroyalty of Peru from 1724 to 1740. It was returned to the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1740.

The Real Audiencia of Panama was restablished by the Spanish Crown on July 21, 1722. It was part of the wider Viceroyalty of New Granada from 1722 to 1724 and it was then returned to the Viceroyalty of Peru from 1724 to 1740. It was returned to the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1740.