User:Hemiauchenia/sandboxExtinctPlants
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Pleistocene
[edit ]- Banksia kingii (Western Tasmania)
- Banksia strahanensis (Western Tasmania)
- Picea critchfieldii (North America)
Modern extinctions
[edit ]
- Acalypha rubrinervis (1870, Saint Helena)
- Aspalathus complicata (1940s, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Aspalathus cordicarpa (1950s, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Aspalathus variegata (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Barleria natalensis (1900, South Africa) [1]
- Brachystelma schoenlandianum (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Byttneria ivorensis (1896, Côte d'Ivoire)
- Cephalophyllum parvulum (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Ceropegia antennifera (1910, South Africa) [1]
- Ceropegia bowkeri (1900, South Africa) [1]
- Coffea lemblinii (1907, Côte d'Ivoire)
- Conophytum semivestitum (1900, South Africa) [1]
- Corynanthe brachythyrsus (1898, Cameroon)
- Crassula subulata (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Cyclopia filiformis (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Disa forcipata (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Dryopteris ascensionis (1889, Ascension Island)
- Erica alexandri subsp. acockii (1940, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Erica foliacea subsp. fulgens (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Erica pyramidalis var. pyramidalis (1910, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Eugenia pusilla (1920, South Africa) [1]
- Helichrysum outeniquense (1950, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Heliotropium pannifolium (1808, Saint Helena)
- Isolepis bulbifera (1950, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Lampranthus vanzijliae (1920, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Leucadendron grandiflorum (1805, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Leucadendron spirale (1930, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Liparia graminifolia (1830, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Macledium pretoriense (1925, South Africa) [1]
- Macrostylis villosa subsp. minor (1980, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Nemesia micrantha (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Nesiota elliptica (2003, Saint Helena)
- Oldenlandia adscensionis (1889, Ascension Island)
- Orchidea eupolyanthis (1910, Cameroon)
- Osteospermum hirsutum (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Polhillia ignota (1950s, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Psoralea cataracta (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Psoralea gueinzii (1930, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Silphium – Ferula ? (c. 50, Cyrene)
- Sporobolus durus (1886, Ascension Island)
- Thamnea depressa (1900, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Trochetiopsis melanoxylon (1771, Saint Helena)
- Vernonella africana (1900, South Africa) [1]
- Willdenowia affinis (1920, South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Xysmalobium baurii (1900, South Africa) [1]
- Roan Mountain False Goat's-beard – Astilbe crenatiloba (1885, Roan Mountain, Tennessee)[2]
- Astragalus endopterus (Arizona)[2]
- Atriplex tularensis (California)[2]
- Galapagos Amaranth – Blutaparon rigidum (1999, Galápagos Ecuador)
- Boechera fruticosa (Wyoming)[2]
- Brickellia chenopodina (New Mexico)[2]
- Calochortus indecorus (Oregon)[2]
- Calochortus monanthus (California)[2]
- Castilleja leschkeana (California)[2]
- Castilleja uliginosa (California)[2]
- Rio de Janeiro Myrtle – Campomanesia lundiana (1825, Brazil)
- Casearia quinduensis (1997, Colombia)
- Rio de Janeiro Sapota – Chrysophyllum januariense (1997, Brazil)
- Cirsium praeteriens (California)[2]
- Havana Fragrant Tree – Cnidoscolus fragrans (1840, Cuba)
- Corispermum pallidum (Washington)[2]
- Crataegus austromontana (Alabama and Tennessee)[2]
- Cryptantha aptera (Colorado)[2]
- Cryptantha hooveri (California)[2]
- Cryptantha insolita (Nevada)[2]
- Dalea sabinalis (Texas)[2]
- Diplacus traskiae (California)[2]
- Eleocharis brachycarpa (Tamaulipas and Texas)[2]
- Elodea schweinitzii (New York and Pennsylvania)[2]
- Erigeron mariposanus (California)[2]
- Santa Cruz Bryophyte – Flabellidium spinosum (1911, Bolivia)
- Cuban Ruta Tree – Galipea ossana (1825, Cuba)
- Cuban Guettarda Tree – Guettarda retusa (1975, Cuba)
- Govenia floridana (Florida)[2]
- Hedeoma pilosa (Texas)[2]
- Helianthus praetermissus (Arizona and New Mexico)[2]
- Isocoma humilis (Utah)[2]
- Juncus pervetus (Massachusetts)[2]
- Lechea lakelae (Florida)[2]
- Licania caldasiana (1997, Colombia)
- Lycium verrucosum (California)[2]
- Marshallia grandiflora (North Carolina)[2]
- Micranthemum micranthemoides (Mid-atlantic United States)[2]
- Monardella leucocephala (California)[2]
- Monardella pringlei (California)[2]
- Mason River Myrtle – Myrcia skeldingii (1972, Jamaica)
- Appalachian Yellow Asphodel – Narthecium montanum (Henderson County, North Carolina)[3]
- Hastings County Neomacounia – Neomacounia nitida (1864, Canada)
- Bigleaf Scurfpea – Orbexilum macrophyllum (1899, Polk County, North Carolina)
- Falls-of-the-Ohio scurfpea – Orbexilum stipulatum (1881, Jefferson County, Kentucky)
- Paronychia maccartii (Texas)[2]
- Plagiobothrys lamprocarpus (Oregon)[2]
- Plagiobothrys lithocaryus (California)[2]
- Potentilla multijuga (California)[2]
- Potentilla uliginosa (California)[2]
- Rio de Janeiro Pouteria – Pouteria stenophylla (1997, Brazil)
- Cajamarca Pradosia – Pradosia argentea (1820, Peru)
- Rio de Janeiro Pradosia – Pradosia glaziovii (1997, Brazil)
- Colombian Pradosia – Pradosia mutisii (1925, Colombia)
- Proboscidea spicata (Texas)[2]
- Jamaican Psidium – Psidium dumetorum (1976, Jamaica)
- Quercus tardifolia (Coahuila and Texas)[2]
- Rumex tomentellus (New Mexico)[2]
- Juan Fernandez Santalum – Santalum fernandezianum (1908, Chile)
- Sesuvium trianthemoides (Texas)[2]
- Sphaeralcea procera (New Mexico)[2]
- Thismia americana – Thismia americana (1916, Chicago, IL, USA)
- Adiantum lianxianense (Guangdong, China)
- Kerala Legume Tree – Cynometra beddomei (1870, India)
- Sumatra Dipterocarpus – Dipterocarpus cinereus (1996, Sumatra, Indonesia)
- Arunchal Hopea Tree – Hopea shingkeng (1996, India)
- Nilgiri Holly – Ilex gardneriana (1859, India)
- Karnataka Sapota – Madhuca insignis (1900, India)
- Hainan Ormosia – Ormosia howii (1997, Southern China)
- Hainan Otophora – Otophora unilocularis (1935, Hainan, China)
- Pluchea glutinosa (19th Century, Yemen)
- Psiadia schweinfurthii (19th Century, Yemen)
- Sarawak Shorea – Shorea cuspidata (1996, Malaysia)
- Meghalaya Sterculia – Sterculia khasiana (1877, India)
- Valerianella affinis (19th century, Yemen)
- Courtallum Wendlandia – Wendlandia angustifolia (1997, India)
- Woolly-stalked Begonia – Begonia eiromischa (20th century, Penang, Malaysia)
- Ruzhildalani "Ruzhil" (1995, India)
See also: List of extinct plants of the Nordics
- Cry Pansy – Viola cryana (1933, France)
- Hieracium purkynei (1912, Czech Republic)
See also: List of extinct flora of Australia
- Hawaii Chaff Flower – Achyranthes atollensis (1964, Hawaiian Is.)
- Argyroxiphium virescens (1996, Hawaiian Is.)
- Balanops microstachya (New Caledonia)
- Casearia tinifolia (1976, Mauritius)
- Clermontia multiflora (1871, Hawaiian Is.)
- New Calodonia Sapinda – Cupaniopsis crassivalvis (1869, New Caledonia)
- Haleakala Cyanea Tree – Cyanea arborea (1928, Hawaiian Is.)
- Cyanea comata (late 19th century, Hawaiian Is.)
- Cyanea cylindrocalyx (1909, Hawaiian Is.)
- Cyanea dolichopoda (1990, Hawaiian Is.)
- Giffard's Cyanea Tree – Cyanea giffardii (1917, Hawaiian Is.)
- Mark's Cyanea Tree – Cyanea marksii (1900, Hawaiian Is.) - update in 2016: This plant is endemic to Hawaiʻi, where it has experienced severe and ongoing decline in habitat and numbers due to the impacts of invasive plants and animals. Previously it was believed to be Extinct, but the rediscovery of 12 plants (occurring in two separate subpopulations) resulted in it being downlisted to CR.[4]
- Pohaku Cyanea Tree – Cyanea pohaku (1910, Hawaiian Is.)
- Kohala Cyanea Tree – Cyanea pycnocarpa (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Oak-leaved Cyanea Tree – Cyanea quercifolia (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Dracaena umbraculifera (Mauritius)
- Taravai Aster Tree – Fitchia mangarevensis (1997, Taravai, French Polynesia)
- Moorea Laurel – Hernandia drakeana (1997, French Polynesia)
- Kawaihae Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus bombycinus (1868, Hawaiian Is.)
- Puhielelu Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus crucibracteatus (1981, Hawaiian Is.)
- Auwahi Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus wilderianus (1910, Hawaiian Is.)
- Oahu Kokia – Kokia lanceolata (1888, Hawaiian Is.)
- Cross-bearing Pelea – Melicope cruciata (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Maui Ruta Tree – Melicope haleakalae (1919, Hawaiian Is.)
- Obovate Melicope – Melicope obovata (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Nuku Hiva Neisosperma – Neisosperma brownii (1997, French Polynesia)
- Fatu Hiva Ochrosia – Ochrosia fatuhivensis (1997, French Polynesia)
- Nuku Hiva Ochrosia – Ochrosia nukuhivensis (1997, French Polynesia)
- Tahiti Ochrosia – Ochrosia tahitensis (1997, French Polynesia)
- Psychotria veillonii (New Caledonia)
- Koé Stenocarpus – Stenocarpus dumbeensis (1905, New Caledonia)
- Norfolk Island Streblorrhiza – Streblorrhiza speciosa (1997, Norfolk Island)
- Fijian Weinmannia – Weinmannia spiraeoides (1840, Fiji)
- Skottsberg's Wikstroemia – Wikstroemia skottsbergiana (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Hakeakala Wikstroemia – Wikstoemia villosa (1997, Hawaiian Is.)
- Prony Bay Xanthostemon – Xanthostemon sebertii (1869, New Caledonia)
Plants extinct in the wild
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Africa
[edit ]- St. Helena roundleaf gumwood – (Commidendrum rotundifolium) (Saint Helena)
- Encephalartos brevifoliolatus (South Africa) [1]
- Encephalartos nubimontanus (South Africa) [1]
- Encephalartos relictus (Swaziland)
- Encephalartos woodii (South Africa)[1]
- Erica bolusiae Salter var. cyathiformis (South Africa: Cape Flora)[1]
- Erica turgida (South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Erica verticillata (South Africa: Cape Flora) [1]
- Pleiospilos simulans (South Africa) [1]
- Lotus berthelotii (Canary Islands)
- St. Helena redwood – (Trochetiopsis erythroxylon) (Saint Helena)
Americas
[edit ]- Csapodya splendens (syn. Deppea splendens ) (Mexico)
- Root-spine Palm – (Cryosophila williamsii) (Honduras)
- Cuban Erythroxylum – (Erythroxylum echinodendron) (Cuba)
- Franklin Tree – (Franklinia alatamaha) (Georgia, U.S.)
- Laelia gouldiana (Mexico)
- Biznaguita – (Mammillaria glochidiata) (Mexico)
- Biznaguita – (Mammillaria guillauminiana) (Mexico)
- Rio de Janeiro Terminalia – (Terminalia acuminata) (Brazil)
- Bastard gumwood (Commidendrum rotundifolium) (St. Helena)
Asia
[edit ]- India Monocarpic Palm – (Corypha taliera) - (Bengal)
- Pallasana Spurge – (Euphorbia mayurnathanii) (India)
- Yunnan Malva – (Firmiana major) (Yunnan, China)
- Kalimantan Mango – (Mangifera casturi) (Kalimantan, Indonesia)
- Sarawak Mango – (Mangifera rubropetala) (Kalimantan & Sumatra)
- Kanehira Azalea – (Rhododendron kanehirai) (Taiwan)
- Tulipa sprengeri )
Europe
[edit ]Oceania
[edit ]- Cyanea pinnatifida (Hawaiian Is.)
- Royal Cyanea Tree – (Cyanea superba) (Hawaiian Is.)
- Punaluu Cyanea – (Cyanea truncata) (Hawaiian Is.)
- Fuzzyflower Cyrtandra – (Cyrtandra waiolani) (Hawaiian Is.)
- Hemiandra rutilans (Australia)
- Cooke's Kokia – (Kokia cookei) (Hawaiian Is)
- Toromiro – (Sophora toromiro) (Easter Island, Chile)
References
[edit ]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an http://redlist.sanbi.org/index.php Red List of South African Plants
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao Knapp, Wes; Frances, Anne; Noss, Reed; Naczi, Robert; Weakley, Alan; Gann, George; Baldwin, Bruce; Miller, James; McIntyre, Patrick; Mishler, Brent; Moore, Gerry (28 August 2020). "Vascular plant extinction in the continental United States and Canada". Conservation Biology. 35 (1): 360–368. doi:10.1111/cobi.13621 . PMC 8151872 . PMID 32860266.
- ^ http://sabs.appstate.edu/sites/sabs.appstate.edu/files/chinquapin-issues/Chinq%2016-4.pdf Newsletter of the Southern Appalachia Botanical Society
- ^ IUCN (September 4, 2016). "Four out of six great apes one step away from extinction – IUCN Red List". Archived from the original on September 8, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.