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Tamara Adrián

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Venezuelan politician
Tamara Adrián
Adrián in 2008
Deputy of the
National Assembly of Venezuela
Assumed office
5 January 2016
ConstituencyCapital District
Personal details
Born (1954年02月20日) 20 February 1954 (age 71)
Caracas, Venezuela
Political partyPopular Will
Alma mater Andrés Bello Catholic University
ProfessionLawyer

Tamara Adrián (born 20 February 1954, in Caracas) is a Venezuelan politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Venezuela in the 2015 Venezuelan parliamentary election.[1] She is noted as the first openly transgender person elected to office in Venezuela, and only the second openly transgender member of a national legislature in the Western Hemisphere.[2] Some early media coverage credited her as the first openly transgender member of a legislature in the Americas, but this was later corrected due to the election of Michelle Suárez Bértora to the Senate of Uruguay in 2014.[2] In 2023 Tamara became the first openly transgender candidate in a presidential election.[3]

She is a member of the Popular Will party, one of the forces in opposition to the PSUV-led government of Nicolás Maduro.[2] Within this party, she organized a social movement called Pro-Inclusion, aiming at promoting equal rights.[4] She took her oath of office at the National Assembly of Venezuela on January 14, 2015.[5] During her term in office, Adrián intends to promote proper access to public records on identity, same-sex marriage and human rights.

Biography

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Tamara graduated from Andrés Bello Catholic University in 1976. She then went on to obtain her doctorate in law with high honors from University of Paris II Panthéon-Assas in 1982. She also earned a diploma in comparative law from the Paris Institute of Comparative Law in 1982. In 2016, Adrián completed Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government program for Senior Executives in State and Local Government as a David Bohnett LGBTQ Victory Institute Leadership Fellow.

Prior to her election to the Venezuelan legislature, Adrián worked as a lawyer and LGBT activist,[6] including serving on the board of the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association [1] and the organizing committee of the International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia.[7] She was forced to register her candidacy under her deadname, as Venezuelan law does not currently permit a person that was assigned male at birth to legally change their name to a female name.[6] In 2002, she underwent gender reassignment surgery in Thailand.[8] In 2004, she submitted an appeal to the Supreme Court of Justice to have her identity legally recognized; as of 2016, it still had not been granted.[9] [10]

Tamara Adrián believes that the stigma and discrimination surrounding the transgender community stimulates poverty, marginalization, and violence against them. To her, these problems are unacceptable under international laws of human rights.[11] She was motivated to take a role in her government in response to political activists being arrested in Venezuela.[12] In 2014, there were nationwide protests regarding the democratic and economic conditions of the time. In response to these protests, President Nicolás Maduro ordered for the arrest of political protesters. According to Foro Penal, over 13,000 people have been arrested since 2014 because of protests relating to the Venezuelan government.[13]

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Before being elected as National Assembly deputy, Tamara was featured in the 2011 documentary film Yo, indocumentada along with two other Venezuelan transgender women that strive to change their legal name in the country.[14]

The 2016 film Tamara was partly inspired in her life. Tamara made a cameo in the film with the role of a university rector.[15]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Tamara Adrián se convierte en la primera diputada transgénero en la historia de Venezuela" Archived 2017年11月08日 at the Wayback Machine. Noticia Al Día, December 7, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c "Venezuela Elects First Transgender Congresswoman in the Americas" Archived 2019年03月27日 at the Wayback Machine. Out , December 7, 2015.
  3. ^ Guzmán, Esteban (July 1, 2023). "Transgender woman running to become Venezuela's next president".
  4. ^ Kowalska, Monika (2014年01月08日). "The Heroines of My Life: Interview with Tamara Adrián". The Heroines of My Life. Retrieved 2022年04月03日.
  5. ^ "Asamblea Nacional juramentó a Tamara Adrián, primera diputada transgénero en Venezuela". www.voluntadpopular.com. Archived from the original on 2019年01月23日. Retrieved 2019年11月25日.
  6. ^ a b "Venezuela's first transgender candidate Tamara Adrián to run for Congress" Archived 2019年03月22日 at the Wayback Machine. Sydney Morning Herald , August 8, 2015.
  7. ^ "Meet the Women Fighting Transphobia Across the Americas" Archived 2015年12月22日 at the Wayback Machine. The Advocate , May 17, 2015.
  8. ^ "Global Voices - Transgender Woman Elected to Venezuelan National Assembly". Global Voices. 2015年12月04日. Retrieved 2022年04月03日.
  9. ^ "Diputada Tamara Adrián espera que el TSJ oficialice decisión sobre su identidad". Runrunes (in Spanish). 2016年02月25日. Retrieved 2021年07月10日.
  10. ^ Tovar, Eugenia. "Tamara Adrián, the first transgender deputy from Latin America, elected in Venezuela". glxy.eu. Retrieved 2020年03月05日.[permanent dead link ‍]
  11. ^ "Meet the Women Fighting Transphobia Across the Americas". www.advocate.com. 2015年05月17日. Archived from the original on 2020年11月08日. Retrieved 2020年03月05日.
  12. ^ Tamara Adrian | Moving from Activism to Governance, 29 March 2017, archived from the original on 2020年05月24日, retrieved 2020年03月05日
  13. ^ "Venezuela: Arrests, Killings in Anti-Government Protests". Human Rights Watch. 2019年01月25日. Archived from the original on 2020年01月10日. Retrieved 2020年03月05日.
  14. ^ "UNAFF 2013: Films: I, Undocumented". UNAFF. Retrieved 2021年07月10日.
  15. ^ Meza, Alfredo (2016年12月02日). "La diputada más taquillera de Venezuela". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582 . Retrieved 2021年05月24日.

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