Proceratium
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Genus of ants
| Proceratium | |
|---|---|
| Proceratium google worker, holotype specimen | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Proceratiinae |
| Tribe: | Proceratiini |
| Genus: | Proceratium Roger, 1863 |
| Type species | |
| Proceratium silaceum Roger, 1863
| |
| Diversity [1] | |
| 82 species | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Sysphingta Roger, 1863 | |
Proceratium is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae.[2] It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to Proceratium consists of two even rarer genera: the extant Discothyrea and the fossil genus Bradoponera .[3]
Distribution
[edit ]The genus is rare, but widespread throughout the northern temperate and tropical zones.[4] In the Old World, it is distributed from Spain to Japan, in sub-Saharan Africa, Mauritius, the Malay Archipelago, New Guinea, Queensland (Australia) and Fiji. In the New World, it is known from Canada to Brazil (and some Caribbean islands).[3]
Biology
[edit ]
Colonies are relatively small, usually containing less than 200 individuals. They nest in soil, in rotten wood, under stones, or on tree branches. Similar to its sister genus Discothyrea , some species are specialist predators of arthropod eggs, mainly spider eggs.[3]
Species
[edit ]- Proceratium algiricum Forel, 1899
- Proceratium angulinode Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium arnoldi Forel, 1913
- Proceratium australe Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium austronesicum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium avium Brown, 1974
- Proceratium banjaranense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium boltoni Leston, 1971
- Proceratium brasiliense Borgmeier, 1959
- Proceratium bruelheidei Staab, Garcia, Liu, Xu, & Economo, 2018[5]
- Proceratium burundense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium caledonicum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium californicum Cook, 1953
- Proceratium catio Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium cavinodus Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium chickasaw Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium colombicum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium compitale Ward, 1988
- Proceratium confinium Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium convexiceps Borgmeier, 1957
- Proceratium crassicorne Emery, 1895
- Proceratium creek Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium croceum (Roger, 1860)
- Proceratium cubanum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium dayak Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium deelemani Perrault, 1981
- †Proceratium denticulatum Lattke, 1991
- Proceratium diplopyx Brown, 1980
- †Proceratium dominicanum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium dusun Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium ecuadoriense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- †Proceratium eocenicum Dlussky, 2009
- Proceratium foveolatum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium galilaeum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- †Proceratium gibberum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium gigas Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium goliath Kempf & Brown, 1968
- Proceratium google Fisher, 2005
- Proceratium gracile Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium hirsutum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium itoi (Forel, 1918)
- Proceratium ivimka Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium japonicum Santschi, 1937
- Proceratium lattkei Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium lombokense Emery, 1897
- Proceratium longigaster Karavaiev, 1935
- Proceratium longiscapus Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium longmenense Xu, 2006
- Proceratium lunatum Terron, 1981
- Proceratium malesianum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium mancum Mann, 1922
- Proceratium melinum (Roger, 1860)
- Proceratium melitense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium mexicanum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium micrommatum (Roger, 1863)
- Proceratium microsculptum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium morisitai Onoyama & Yoshimura, 2002
- Proceratium nujiangense Xu, 2006
- Proceratium numidicum Santschi, 1912
- Proceratium oceanicum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium panamense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium papuanum Emery, 1897
- Proceratium pergandei (Emery, 1895)
- †Proceratium petrosum Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015[6]
- †Proceratium poinari Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium politum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium pumilio Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium relictum Mann, 1921
- Proceratium robustum Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium siamense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium silaceum Roger, 1863
- Proceratium snellingi Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium stictum Brown, 1958
- Proceratium striativenter Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium sulawense Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium taino Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium terraealtae Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium terroni Bolton, 1995
- Proceratium tio Snelling & Cover, 1992
- Proceratium toschii (Consani, 1951)
- Proceratium transitionis Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003
- Proceratium vinaka Hita Garcia, Sarnat, & Economo, 2015
- Proceratium watasei (Wheeler, 1906)
- Proceratium williamsi Mathew & Tiwari, 2000
- Proceratium zhaoi Xu, 2000
References
[edit ]- ^ Bolton, B. (2014). "Proceratium". AntCat. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
- ^ "Genus: Proceratium". antweb.org. AntWeb . Retrieved 21 September 2013.
- ^ a b c Baroni Urbani, C.; De Andrade, M. L. (2003). "The ant genus Proceratium in the extant and fossil record (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali Monografie (Turin). 36: 1–492.
- ^ Terayama, Mamoru (1985), "Description of a New Species of the Genus Proceratium Roger from Taiwan (Hymenoptera, Formicidae).", Asian Myrmecology, 53 (3): 406–408
- ^ https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24908/element/7/0/Proceratium_bruelheidei#Worker_description
- ^ Dlussky, G.M.; Rasnitsyn, A.P.; Perfilieva, K.S. (2015). "The Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Bol'shaya Svetlovodnaya (Late Eocene of Sikhote-Alin, Russian Far East)" (PDF). Caucasian Entomological Bulletin. 11 (1): 131–152. doi:10.23885/1814-3326-2015年11月1日-131-152 .
External links
[edit ]- Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Proceratium at Wikimedia Commons
