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Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus

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Roman noble and consul (died 205)

Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus (died 205) was a Roman noble closely related by birth, adoption, and marriage to the Nerva-Antonine emperors. Through his marriage to Fadilla, the daughter of Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Empress Faustina the Younger, he became the brother-in-law to the future emperor, Commodus.[1] Despite his position, he never became emperor himself. After Commodus was assassinated in 192, he fell out of favor with Septimius Severus during the Year of the Five Emperors. In 205, he killed himself after Septimus issued an order for his execution.

Early life

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Plautius was the son of Ceionia Fabia, the daughter of Lucius Aelius, the first adoptive heir of Hadrian who had died before ascending to the throne; his birth father is believed to be Plautius Quintillus, consul in 159. At some point, he was adopted as the heir of Marcus Peducaeus Stloga Priscinus, consul in 141.[2] Through his adopted father, as well as his natural father and mother, he could claim descent from families of the highest nobility.

Antonine era

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When Plautius married Annia Aurelia Fadilla, he became son-in-law to Marcus Aurelius and brother-in-law to Commodus. They had two children: a son, (Plautius) Quintillus, and a daughter, Plautia Servilla. In 177, Plautius served as ordinary consul as the colleague of Commodus, and then again with Commodus at an unknown date in his reign (180-192). Plautius was also an Augur. When Marcus Aurelius died in 180, Commodus succeeded him, and Plautius was one of his main advisers.

Year of the Five Emperors

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After the assassination of Commodus, in December 192, the civil war that ensued saw five different men assume the throne; Plautius was not one of them. When Septimius Severus, the victor of the civil war, advanced on Rome, Didius Julianus proposed that the Senate and the Vestal Virgins meet Severus' advancing army as supplicants, a proposal Plautius intervened forcefully against.[3]

Plautius afterwards retired to his country villa. In 205, he was the target of a delator or informer, and Septimus ordered his execution. When he heard of the order, Plautius called for his funeral shroud. "What is this?" Plautius asked, observing how tattered it had become with age, "we are late!" Then preparing to take his own life, he burned incense before uttering his last words: "I make the same prayer that Servianus made for Hadrian" — that is, that Severus would one day wish to die, but would be unable to.[3] It is unknown whether Fadilla was still alive then.

Nerva–Antonine family tree

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Nerva–Antonine family tree
Q. Marcius Barea Soranus Q. Marcius Barea Sura Antonia Furnilla M. Cocceius Nerva Sergia Plautilla P. Aelius Hadrianus
Titus
(r. 79–81) Marcia Furnilla Marcia Trajanus Pater Nerva
(r. 96–98) Ulpia [i] Aelius Hadrianus Marullinus
Flavia[ii] Marciana [iii] C. Salonius Matidius [iv] Trajan
(r. 98–117) Plotina P. Acilius Attianus P. Aelius Afer [v] Paulina Major [vi]
Lucius Mindius (2) Libo Rupilius Frugi (3) Salonia Matidia [vii] L. Vibius Sabinus (1)[viii]
Paulina Minor [vi] L. Julius Ursus Servianus [ix]
Matidia Minor [vii] Sabina [iii] Hadrian [v] [x] [vi] (r. 117–138) Antinous [xi]
C. Fuscus Salinator I Julia Serviana Paulina
M. Annius Verus [xii] Rupilia Faustina[xiii] [xiv] Boionia Procilla Cn. Arrius Antoninus
L. Ceionius Commodus Appia Severa C. Fuscus Salinator II
L. Caesennius Paetus Arria Antonina Arria Fadilla[xv] T. Aurelius Fulvus
L. Caesennius Antoninus L. Commodus Plautia unknown[xvi] C. Avidius Nigrinus
M. Annius Verus [xiii] Calvisia Domitia Lucilla [xvii] Fundania[xviii] M. Annius Libo [xiii] Faustina [xv] Antoninus Pius
(r. 138–161)[xv] L. Aelius Caesar [xvi] Avidia [xvi]
Cornificia [xiii] Marcus Aurelius
(r. 161–180)[xix] Faustina Minor [xix] C. Avidius Cassius [xx] [clarification needed ] Aurelia Fadilla[xv] Lucius Verus
(r. 161–169)[xvi] (1) Ceionia Fabia [xvi] Plautius Quintillus [xxi] Q. Servilius Pudens Ceionia Plautia [xvi]
Cornificia Minor [xxii] M. Petronius Sura Commodus
(r. 177–192)[xix] Fadilla [xxii] M. Annius Verus Caesar [xix] Ti. Claudius Pompeianus (2) Lucilla [xix] M. Plautius Quintillus [xvi] Junius Licinius Balbus Servilia Ceionia
Petronius Antoninus L. Aurelius Agaclytus (2) Aurelia Sabina [xxii] L. Antistius Burrus (1) Plautius Quintillus Plautia Servilla C. Furius Sabinus Timesitheus Antonia Gordiana Junius Licinius Balbus?
Furia Sabina Tranquillina Gordian III
(r. 238–244)
  • (1) = 1st spouse
  • (2) = 2nd spouse
  • (3) = 3rd spouse
  •   Reddish-purple indicates emperor of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty
      lighter purple indicates designated imperial heir of said dynasty who never reigned
      grey indicates unsuccessful imperial aspirants
      bluish-purple indicates emperors of other dynasties
  • dashed lines indicate adoption; dotted lines indicate love affairs/unmarried relationships
  • Small Caps = posthumously deified (Augusti, Augustae, or other)
Notes:

Except where otherwise noted, the notes below indicate that an individual's parentage is as shown in the above family tree.

  1. ^ Sister of Trajan's father: Giacosa (1977), p. 7.
  2. ^ Giacosa (1977), p. 8.
  3. ^ a b Levick (2014), p. 161.
  4. ^ Husband of Ulpia Marciana: Levick (2014), p. 161.
  5. ^ a b Giacosa (1977), p. 7.
  6. ^ a b c DIR contributor (Herbert W. Benario, 2000), "Hadrian".
  7. ^ a b Giacosa (1977), p. 9.
  8. ^ Husband of Salonia Matidia: Levick (2014), p. 161.
  9. ^ Smith (1870), "Julius Servianus".
  10. ^ Smith (1870), "Hadrian", pp. 319–322.
  11. ^ Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p. 99 and passim; deification: Lamber (1984), pp. 2–5, etc.
  12. ^ Husband of Rupilia Faustina: Levick (2014), p. 163.
  13. ^ a b c d Levick (2014), p. 163.
  14. ^ It is uncertain whether Rupilia Faustina was Frugi's daughter by Salonia Matidia or another woman.
  15. ^ a b c d Levick (2014), p. 162.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Levick (2014), p. 164.
  17. ^ Wife of M. Annius Verus: Giacosa (1977), p. 10.
  18. ^ Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163.
  19. ^ a b c d e Giacosa (1977), p. 10.
  20. ^ The epitomator of Cassius Dio (72.22) gives the story that Faustina the Elder promised to marry Avidius Cassius. This is also echoed in HA "Marcus Aurelius" 24.
  21. ^ Husband of Ceionia Fabia: Levick (2014), p. 164.
  22. ^ a b c Levick (2014), p. 117.
References:

References

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  1. ^ Anthony Richard Birley, Marcus Aurelius, revised edition (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1999), p. 182
  2. ^ Olli Salomies, Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature in the Roman Empire (Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1992), p. 101
  3. ^ a b Anthony Richard Birley, Septimius Severus: the African emperor, second edition (London: Routledge, 1999), p. 165

Sources

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  • Albino Garzetti, From Tiberius to the Antonines: a history of the Roman Empire AD 14-192 (1974)
  • Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Dominic Rathbone, The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 11, second edition (2000)
  • Livius article on Fadilla
Political offices
Preceded by Consul of the Roman Empire
177
with Commodus 		Succeeded by

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