Icariin

Not to be confused with Icaridin.

Icariin
Names

IUPAC name 7-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)flavone
Systematic IUPAC name 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-7-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
Identifiers
CAS Number	489-32-7 ^checkY
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:78420 ^☒N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL553204 ^checkY
ChemSpider	4477421 ^checkY
ECHA InfoCard	100.107.649 Edit this at Wikidata
PubChem CID	5318997
UNII	VNM47R2QSQ ^checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00964133 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI InChI=1S/C33H40O15/c1-13(2)5-10-17-19(45-33-28(42)26(40)23(37)20(12-34)46-33)11-18(35)21-24(38)31(48-32-27(41)25(39)22(36)14(3)44-32)29(47-30(17)21)15-6-8-16(43-4)9-7-15/h5-9,11,14,20,22-23,25-28,32-37,39-42H,10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,20+,22-,23+,25+,26-,27+,28+,32-,33+/m0/s1^checkY Key: TZJALUIVHRYQQB-XLRXWWTNSA-N^checkY InChI=1/C33H40O15/c1-13(2)5-10-17-19(45-33-28(42)26(40)23(37)20(12-34)46-33)11-18(35)21-24(38)31(48-32-27(41)25(39)22(36)14(3)44-32)29(47-30(17)21)15-6-8-16(43-4)9-7-15/h5-9,11,14,20,22-23,25-28,32-37,39-42H,10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,20+,22-,23+,25+,26-,27+,28+,32-,33+/m0/s1 Key: TZJALUIVHRYQQB-XLRXWWTNBA
SMILES O=C3C(\O[C@@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O)C)=C(/Oc4c(c(O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)cc(O)c34)C\C=C(/C)C)c5ccc(OC)cc5
Properties
Chemical formula	C₃₃H₄₀O₁₅
Molar mass	676.668 g·mol⁻¹
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is ^checkY☒N ?) Infobox references

Chemical compound

Icariin is a chemical compound classified as a prenylated flavonol glycoside, a type of flavonoid. It is the 8-prenyl derivative of kaempferol 3,7-O-diglucoside. The compound has been isolated from several species of plant belonging to the genus Epimedium which are commonly known as horny goat weed, Yin Yang Huo,^[1] and Herba epimedii.^[2] Extracts from these plants produce aphrodisiac effects, and are used in traditional Chinese medicine to enhance erectile function.^[3] However, clinical trial data are lacking to support these claims.^[4]^[5]

References

[edit ]

^ Liu JJ, Li SP, Wang YT (2006). "Optimization for quantitative determination of four flavonoids in Epimedium by capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with diode array detection using central composite design". J Chromatogr A . 1103 (2): 344–349. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005年11月03日6. PMID 16337210.
^ Cai WJ, Huang JH, Zhang SQ, Wu B, Kapahi P, Zhang XM, Shen ZY (2011). Blagosklonny MV (ed.). "Icariin and its derivative icariside II extend healthspan via insulin/IGF-1 pathway in C. elegans". PLOS ONE. 6 (12): e28835. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...628835C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028835 . PMC 3244416 . PMID 22216122.
^ Makarova MN, Pozharitskaya ON, Shikov AN, Tesakova SV, Makarov VG, Tikhonov VP (2007). "Effect of lipid-based suspension of Epimedium koreanum Nakai extract on sexual behavior in rats". J Ethnopharmacol . 114 (3): 412–416. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007年08月02日1. PMID 17890032.
^ "Horny Goat Weed". Drugs.com. August 5, 2019. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
^ Fang, Jian; Zhang, Yongjun (2017年10月12日). "Icariin, an Anti-atherosclerotic Drug from Chinese Medicinal Herb Horny Goat Weed". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 8: 734. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00734 . ISSN 1663-9812. PMC 5644024 . PMID 29075193.

v t e Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
PDE1	MMPX SCH-51866 Vinpocetine
PDE2	BAY 60-7550 Carbazeran EHNA Oxindole PDP
PDE3	Adibendan Amrinone (inamrinone) Anagrelide Benafentrine Bucladesine Carbazeran Cilostamide Cilostazol Enoximone Ensifentrine Imazodan KMUP-1 Meribendan Milrinone Olprinone Parogrelil Pimobendan Pumafentrine Quazinone RPL-554 Siguazodan Trequinsin Vesnarinone Zardaverine
PDE4	Apremilast Arofylline Atizoram Benafentrine Catramilast CC-1088 CDP-840 CGH-2466 Cilomilast Cipamfylline Crisaborole Denbutylline Difamilast Drotaverine Ensifentrine Etazolate Filaminast Glaucine HT-0712 ICI-63197 Indimilast Irsogladine Lavamilast Lirimilast Lotamilast Luteolin Mesembrenone Mesembrine Mesopram Oglemilast Piclamilast Pumafentrine Revamilast Ro 20-1724 Roflumilast Rolipram Ronomilast RPL-554 RS-25344 Tetomilast Tofimilast YM-976 Zardaverine
PDE5	Acetildenafil Aildenafil Avanafil Beminafil Benzamidenafil Dasantafil Icariin Gisadenafil Homosildenafil Lodenafil Mirodenafil MY-5445 Nitrosoprodenafil Norcarbodenafil SCH-51866 Sildenafil Sulfoaildenafil T-0156 Tadalafil Udenafil Vardenafil
PDE7	BRL-50481
PDE9	BAY 73-6691 PF-04447943 Paraxanthine
PDE10	Balipodect Mardepodect MK-8189 Papaverine TC-E 5005 Tofisopam
PDE11	BC11-38
Non-selective	Aminophylline Caffeine Choline theophyllinate CPX Dipyridamole Doxofylline Enprofylline Ibudilast IBMX Luteolin Pentoxifylline Propentofylline Theobromine Theophylline Zaprinast
Unsorted	Diazepam Diprophylline DPCPX Furafylline Lisofylline MDL-12330A Moxaverine Oxagrelate Pentifylline Proxyphylline Quercetin Satigrel Tolafentrine Trapidil
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators

v
t
e

Flavonols and their conjugates

Backbone

Aglycones	3-Hydroxyflavone (synthetic) and derivatives

Flavonols

Aglycones

Conjugates

Glycosides of herbacetin

Glycosides of kaempferol

Afzelin (Kaempferol 3-rhamnoside)
Astragalin (kaempferol 3-O-glucoside)
Kaempferitrin (kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside)
Juglanin (Kaempferol 3-O-arabinoside)
Kaempferol 3-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside
Kaempferol 3-alpha-D-arabinopyranoside
Kaempferol 7-alpha-L-arabinoside
Kaempferol 7-O-glucoside
Kaempferol 3-lathyroside
Kaempferol 4'-rhamnoside
Kaempferol 5-rhamnoside
Kaempferol 7-rhamnoside
Kaempferol 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnofuranoside
Kaempferol 3-xyloside
Kaempferol 7-xyloside
Robinin (kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-rhamnoside)
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside
Sophoraflavonoloside (Kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside)
Trifolin (Kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-galactoside)

Glycosides of myricetin

Conjugates of quercetin

Sulfates

Glycosides

Avicularin (quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside)
CTN-986
Guaijaverin (quercetin 3-O-arabinoside)
Heliosin (quercetin 3-digalactoside)
Hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside)
Isoquercetin (quercetin 3-O-glucoside)
Miquelianin (quercetin 3-O-glucuronide)
Quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside
Quercetin-3-sophorodide
Quercitrin (quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside)
Rutin (quercetin rutinoside)
Reinutrin (quercetin-3-D-xyloside)
Spiraeoside (quercetin 4'-O-glucoside)
Taxillusin (galloylated 3-O-glucoside of quercetin°

O-Methylated flavonols

Aglycones

Glycosides

of isorhamnetin	Narcissin (Isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside) Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside Tamarixetin 7-rutinoside
other	Azalein (Azaleatin 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside) Centaurein (Centaureidin 7-O-glucoside) Eupalin (Eupalitin 3-0-rhamnoside) Eupatolin (Eupatolitin 3-O-rhamnoside) Jacein (Jaceidin 7-O-glucoside) Patulitrin (Patuletin 7-O-glucoside Xanthorhamnin (Rhamnetin glycoside)

Derivative flavonols

Aglycones	Noricaritin Dihydronoricaritin
Glycosides	Amurensin Icariin Phelloside Dihydrophelloside Rutin S

Pyranoflavonols

Aglycones	Karanjachromene

Furanoflavonols

Aglycones	Karanjin
Glycosides	Pongamoside A, B and C

Semisynthetic

Glycosides	Hydroxyethylrutosides Monoxerutin Troxerutin

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