Hisingerite
| Hisingerite | |
|---|---|
| Crystallized plates of reddish-brown, silver metallic-lustre hisingerite crystals | |
| General | |
| Category | Silicate mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | Fe III2Si 2O 5(OH)4 · 2 H2O |
| IMA symbol | Hsg[1] |
| Strunz classification | 9.ED.10 |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic Unknown space group |
| Unit cell | a = 5.4, b = 9.03 c = 14.99 [Å]; β = 98.32°; Z = 4 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Black, brownish-black |
| Crystal habit | Massive, compact; acicular, may be minutely spherical. |
| Cleavage | None |
| Fracture | Conchoidal |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 2.5 - 3.0 |
| Luster | Vitreous, resinous, greasy |
| Streak | Yellowish brown, green |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent to translucent |
| Specific gravity | 2.43 - 2.67 |
| Optical properties | Biaxial (-) |
| Refractive index | nα = 1.715 nγ = 1.730 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.015 |
| References | [2] [3] [4] |
Hisingerite is an iron(III) phyllosilicate mineral with formula FeIII2Si 2O 5(OH)4 · 2 H2O . A black or dark brown, lustrous secondary mineral, it is formed by the weathering or hydrothermal alteration of other iron silicate and sulfide minerals.[2]
It was first described in 1751 by A.F. Cronstedt from Väster Silvberg, Dalarna, Sweden (under the name "kolspeglande järnmalm"), and in 1810 by W. Hisinger from the Gillinge iron mine, Södermanland, Sweden ("svart stenart", later "gillingit").[5] In 1828 it was found at an occurrence in Riddarhyttan, Vastmanland, Sweden. It was named after Wilhelm Hisinger (1766–1852), a Swedish chemist.[4]
There are also aluminian hisingerite variety in which one of the iron atoms is replaced by aluminium and chrome-alumina-hisingerite variety in which chromium substitutes for iron.[3]
References
[edit ]- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 . S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b "Handbook of Mineralogy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016年04月02日. Retrieved 2008年10月23日.
- ^ a b Mindat.org
- ^ a b Webmineral
- ^ Holtstam, Dan (2023年04月04日). "Prehistory of an enigmatic mineral: hisingerite". GFF. 145 (1–2): 1–3. doi:10.1080/11035897.2023.2187079 . ISSN 1103-5897.
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