Habei language
| Habei | |
|---|---|
| Native to | China |
| Region | Yunnan |
| Ethnicity | Hani |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Habei (Chinese: 哈备; also known as Mani 玛尼[1] ) is a Southern Loloish language of Yunnan, China. Hsiu (2018)[2] suggests that Habei belongs to the Bisoid branch.
Background
[edit ]Habei is spoken in only one village, namely Habei village 哈备村,[3] Zhemi Township 者米乡, Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County, Yunnan (Jinping County Ethnic Gazetteer 2013:89, 101).[4] The Habei people refer to their village as Kuang An (况安), meaning 'old village' (< kuang 'village' + an 'old').[5]
The Habei still preserve traditional animist rituals.[1]
The Habei language has been documented by Yan (1995) and He & Liu (2011).
Names
[edit ]Autonyms and exonyms for the Habei are as follows (Yan 1995:60).
- autonym: ma33nɛ33 (蛮尼)
- Yao exonym: ta55ka33 (单嘎)
- Lahu exonym: xa42pe55 (哈背)
- Miao exonym: xa33pe53 (哈备)
- Zhuang exonym: je33u55 (牙乌)
- Hani exonym: xa33pi55, xa33bø55 (哈备)
Phonology
[edit ]Habei has 32 onsets and 62 rimes (Yan 1995:67). The consonant inventory is similar to that of standard Hani of Lüchun County, but also has /f/ and /v/, which Lüchun Hani does not have. Final consonants are -p, -t, -k, -m, -n, and -ŋ.
There are 6 tones. In songs, only 4 tones are recognizable (Yan 1995:67).
Phrase examples
[edit ]The following Habei phrase examples are from Yan (1995:69-70). Adjectives follow head nouns.
tɕen55
bowl
ɲi323
two
lum24
CL
tɕen55 ɲi323 lum24
bowl two CL
Two bowls
ɣa33
chicken
sum55
three
na55
CL
ɣa33 sum55 na55
chicken three CL
Three chickens
khɤ tɕhɔ33
shoe
ŋa24
five
tɕuŋ55
pair
{khɤ tɕhɔ33} ŋa24 tɕuŋ55
shoe five pair
Five pairs of shoes
na33
2SG
ŋɤ33
POS
tɕhɛ323ma33
hoe
na33 ŋɤ33 tɕhɛ323ma33
2SG POS hoe
Your hoe
ja33tɕha323
friend
ŋɤ33
POS
a33xɤn33
sound
ja33tɕha323 ŋɤ33 a33xɤn33
friend POS sound
Friend's voice
Sentence examples
[edit ]The following Habei sentence examples are from Yan (1995:68-69). Habei has SOV word order.
ŋa33
1SG
xaŋ24
rice
iaŋ24
eat
ŋa33 xaŋ24 iaŋ24
1SG rice eat
I eat rice.
na33
2SG
ti33kha55
liquor
taŋ55
drink
na33 ti33kha55 taŋ55
2SG liquor drink
You drink liquor.
ŋa33
1SG
ja33pjɔ55
children
sum55
three
jo33
CL
tɕa55
have
ŋa33 ja33pjɔ55 sum55 jo33 tɕa55
1SG children three CL have
I have three children.
na33
2SG
jɔ55ka55
household
tɕha55
people
xa33lo323
how.many
lo33
CL
tɕa55
have
na33 jɔ55ka55 tɕha55 xa33lo323 lo33 tɕa55
2SG household people how.many CL have
How many people does your household have?
ja33
3SG
la55
come
a323
NEG
la55
come
ja33 la55 a323 la55
3SG come NEG come
Is he coming?
ve323
pig
le33
and
ɣa33
chicken
lɔ323
both
dʑɛ323za323a55
livestock
bɤ33
PRT
ve323 le33 ɣa33 lɔ323 dʑɛ323za323a55 bɤ33
pig and chicken both livestock PRT
Pigs and chickens are both domestic livestock.
References
[edit ]- ^ a b 哈备村玛尼人传统思维方式探析
- ^ Hsiu, Andrew. 2018. Classifications of some lesser-known Lolo-Burmese languages.
- ^ "金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县者米拉祜族乡顶青村委会哈备村". Archived from the original on 2018年06月12日. Retrieved 2015年05月29日.
- ^ 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县民族志1979-2010. 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治県民族宗教事務局編. 雲南民族出版社. 2013年8月. ISBN 9787536757028
- ^ Dao Jie [刀洁] . 2012. 哈备村:哈尼文化兼收并蓄的缩影. In Ethnic Today [今日民族], 2012(9) Archived 2017年12月12日 at the Wayback Machine.
- He Shaoming 何绍明; Liu Jieting 刘洁婷. 2011. 国际哈尼/阿卡区域文化调查: 中国金平县者米哈尼族哈备人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press 云南人民出版社. ISBN 978-7-222-07408-8
- Yan Hongxin [晏红兴]. 1995. "Jinpingxian Hanizu Habeiren qingkuang diaocha" [金平县哈尼族哈备人情况调查]. In Jinping shaoshu minzu de lishi he wenhua [金平少数民族的历史和文化], p.59-72. Kunming: Yunnan Ethnic Publishing House [云南民族出版社].
- You Weiqiong [尤伟琼]. 2013. Classifying ethnic groups of Yunnan [云南民族识别研究]. Beijing: Nationalities Press [民族出版社].
