Gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase

In enzymology, a gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + O₂ ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } maleylpyruvate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate and O₂, whereas its product is 3-maleylpyruvate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O₂ as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O₂. The systematic name of this enzyme class is gentisate:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). Other names in common use include gentisate oxygenase, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate dioxygenase, gentisate dioxygenase, and gentisic acid oxidase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, iron.

As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 2D40.

• Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrback, K. (Eds.), The Enzymes, 2nd ed., vol. 8, Academic Press, New York, 1963, p. 353-371.
• Sugiyama S, Yano K, Komagata K, Arima K (1960). "Metabolites of aromatic compounds by microbes. Part VII. Gentisic acid oxidase". Bull. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 24: 243–248.
• Sugiyama S, Yano K, Arima K (1960). "Metabolites of aromatic compounds by microbes. Part VII. Further studies of gentisic acid oxidase". Bull. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 24: 249–254. doi:10.1271/bbb1924.24.249 .

• EC 1.13.11
• Iron enzymes
• Enzymes of known structure
• Oxidoreductase stubs

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