Jump to content
Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia

Fu'an dialect

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dialect of Eastern Min
This article needs more citations . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources:"Fu'an dialect"–news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Fu'an
NativetoSouthern China
RegionNingde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong, Fujian province
Early forms
Chinese characters
Language codes
ISO 639-3 –
ISO 639-6 fuua
Glottolog None
Linguasphere 79-AAA-ibc

The Fu'an dialect (福安話) is a dialect of Eastern Min, which is a branch of Min Chinese spoken mainly in the eastern part of Fujian Province, China.

The Fu'an dialect covers two city and three counties: Ningde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong County.

Phonology

[edit ]

The Fu'an dialect has 18 initials, 50 rimes and 7 tones.

Initials

[edit ]
Labial Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Stop p ph t th k kh ʔ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative (β )(f )θ (ʒ )(ç )x
Affricate ts tsh
Lateral l
Approximant j ɰ

Rimes

[edit ]
Open syllable i u e ɛ ø œ o ɔ a
uieiɔiai
uai
iueuɛuouau
iau
Nasal coda iŋ
(in, im)		uŋ
(un, um)		øŋ
(øn, øm)		œŋ
(œn, œm)		aŋ
(an, am)
ioŋ
(ion, iom)		iaŋ
(ian, iam)
uaŋ
(uan, uam)
ɛŋ
(ɛn, ɛm)		ouŋ
(oun, oum)		ɔuŋ
(ɔun, ɔum)
Glottal coda iʔuʔøʔœʔoʔɔʔaʔ
ioʔiaʔ
uaʔ
eiʔɛiʔouʔɔuʔ
Nasal m̝n̝ŋ̍hŋ̍

Tones

[edit ]
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tone name dark level
陰平		 light level
陽平		 rising
上聲		 dark departing
陰去		 light departing
陽去		 dark entering
陰入		 light entering
陽入
Tone contour ˧˧˨ 332 ˨ 22 ˦˨ 42 ˧˥ 35 ˨˧ 23 ˥ 5 ˨ 2

Progressive assimilation

[edit ]
The Coda of the Former Syllable The initial assimilation of the Latter Syllable
Null coda
  • /k/, /kh/ and /h/ change to null initial;
  • /ts/, /tsh/ and /s/ change to null initial, /l/ or /ʒ/.
coda /-ŋ/
  • /t/, /th/ change to /n/;
  • /p/, /ph/ change to /m/;
  • /k/, /kh/ and /h/ change to /ŋ/;
  • /ts/, /tsh/ and /s/ change to /ŋ/, /n/ or /ʒ/.
coda /-k̚/
  • /t/, /th/ change to /l/;
  • /k/, /kh/ and /h/ change to null initial;
  • /ts/, /tsh/ and /s/ change to null initial, /l/ or /ʒ/.

Anticipatory assimilation

[edit ]

Tone sandhi

[edit ]

The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable). Shaded cells indicate that tones of both the first and second syllables undergo change.

dark level
332 light level
22 rising
42 dark departing
35 light departing
23 dark entering
5 light entering
2
dark level
332 55 55 44 44
light level
22 332 35+42 55 44 44
rising
42 23+332 35+42 55 44 44
dark departing
35 55 55 44 44
light departing
23 55 55 44 44
dark entering
5 55 55 44 44
light entering
2 35+5 55 44 44

Notes

[edit ]
  1. ↑ Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.[1] [2] [3]

References

[edit ]
  1. ↑ Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR 2718766
  2. ↑ Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1984), Middle Chinese: A study in Historical Phonology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, p. 3, ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8
  3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023年07月10日). "Glottolog 4.8 - Min". Glottolog . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962 . Archived from the original on 2023年10月13日. Retrieved 2023年10月13日.

AltStyle によって変換されたページ (->オリジナル) /