Draft:Digital Sovereignty Stack

Digital Sovereignty Stack is a framework designed to help nations and organizations maintain control over their digital assets. Its primary objectives are to ensure digital freedom, safeguard privacy, protect consumers, promote fair competition, and support law enforcement. In recent years, the concept of digital sovereignty has gained significant attention due to technological advancements, geopolitical shifts, and societal changes. These developments have presented new challenges, making it increasingly important for countries or organizations to retain control over their digital resources, thereby supporting their independence in the digital era.^[1]

Many governments have introduced regulations to curb the influence of large tech companies while also developing digital public infrastructure (GovTech) to enhance sovereignty. These measures aim to reduce dependence on foreign technologies, safeguard essential services, and promote digital freedom.^[2] A notable example is the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which protects EU citizens' data and privacy, enforcing compliance worldwide for organizations handling EU citizens' data.^[3] The role of the state in deploying technology for public services has become a critical component of digital sovereignty, where governments not only regulate private tech firms but also develop their own technological solutions to maintain control over vital services.

GovTech initiatives, which use digital solutions and emerging technologies to improve government services and citizen engagement, play a critical role in supporting digital sovereignty. The World Bank defines GovTech as a "whole-of-government approach" to public sector modernization, aiming for more accessible and efficient government services. By developing domestic technological solutions, governments can reduce reliance on foreign providers, strengthening their control over digital infrastructure.^{[2] [4]}

Frameworks like the GDPR and GovTech are essential for advancing digital sovereignty. While the GDPR ensures data protection under EU law, GovTech enables governments to reduce dependence on foreign tech firms. A strong digital governance strategy requires a balance between regulatory flexibility, state investment in technology, and a competitive market environment to encourage innovation and economic growth.^[5]

Regulatory frameworks for digital sovereignty must address potential challenges, such as restrictions on cross-border data flows and international trade, which can complicate cooperation between nations.^[6] At the same time, digital sovereignty can contribute to developing a normative framework that focuses on issues like vulnerability and freedom. This framework must remain adaptable to ongoing tensions and evolve to regulate and govern digital practices effectively.^[7]

As the concept of digital sovereignty continues to evolve, it is subject to various interpretations and perspectives from global actors. These actors highlight the importance of governing and securing digital assets in response to ongoing technological and political changes, which influence how sovereignty is defined in the digital age.^[5]

• Cybersecurity – Protection of computer systems from information disclosure, theft or damagePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Cloud computing security – Methods used to protect cloud based assets
• Data security – Protection of digital data
• Information privacy – Legal issues regarding the collection and dissemination of data
• Data governance – Capability that enables an organization to ensure high data quality
• Data governance – Capability that enables an organization to ensure high data quality

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