Caesalpinioideae
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Caesalpinioideae | |
---|---|
Royal poinciana, Delonix regia | |
Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fabales |
Family: | Fabaceae |
Subfamily: | Caesalpinioideae DC. 1825 |
Type genus | |
Caesalpinia L.
| |
Clades | |
See text | |
Synonyms | |
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia . It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily.[5] The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos ) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus ). It has the following clade-based definition:
The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl[6]
In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
Characteristics
[edit ]- Specialised extrafloral nectaries often present on the petiole and / or on the primary and secondary rachises, usually between pinnae or leaflet pairs
- Leaves commonly bipinnate
- Inflorescences globose, spicate
- Aestivation valvate
- Anthers often with a stipitate or sessile apical gland
- Pollen commonly in tetrads, bitetrads or polyads
- Seeds usually with an open or closed pleurogram on both faces
- Root nodules variably present and indeterminate
- 10 Stamens, aside from various core mimosoid genera bearing a few factors more
Taxonomy
[edit ]- Caesalpinieae Clade
- Cassieae Clade
- Batesia Spruce
- Cassia L.
- Chamaecrista Moench
- Melanoxylum Schott
- Recordoxylon Ducke
- Senna Mill.
- Vouacapoua Aubl.
- Dimorphandra Group A
- Burkea Benth.
- Campsiandra Benth.
- Dimorphandra Schott pro parte
- Dinizia Ducke
- Mora Benth.
- Stachyothyrsus Harms
- Dimorphandra Group B
- Dimorphandra Schott pro parte
- Diptychandra Tul.
- Erythrophleum Afzel. ex R.Br.
- Moldenhawera Schrad.
- Pachyelasma Harms
- Sympetalandra Stapf
- Mimosoid clade (~40 genera)
- Peltophorum Clade
- Bussea Harms
- Colvillea Bojer ex Hook.
- Conzattia Rose
- Delonix Raf.
- Heteroflorum M. Sousa
- Lemuropisum H.Perrier
- Parkinsonia L.
- Peltophorum (Vogel) Benth.
- Schizolobium Vogel
- Tachigali Clade
- Arapatiella Rizzini & A.Mattos
- Jacqueshuberia Ducke
- Tachigali Aubl. (including Sclerolobium)
- Umtiza Clade
- Acrocarpus Wight & Arn.
- Arcoa Urb.
- Ceratonia L.
- Gleditsia L.
- Gymnocladus Lam.
- Tetrapterocarpon Humbert
- Umtiza Sim
- Unassigned
- Pterogyne Tul.
Phylogenetics
[edit ]Caesalpinioideae, as it was traditionally circumscribed, was paraphyletic. Several molecular phylogenies in the early 2000s showed that the other two subfamilies of Fabaceae (Faboideae and Mimosoideae) were both nested within Caesalpinioideae.[7] [8] [9] [10] Consequently, the subfamilies of Fabaceae were reorganized to make them monophyletic.[6] Caesalpinioideae, as currently defined, contains the following subclades:[8]
References
[edit ]- ^ "Fabales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 2023年06月16日.
- ^ Marazzi B, Ané C, Simon MF, Delgado-Salinas A, Luckow M, Sanderson MJ (2012). "Locating evolutionary precursors on a phylogenetic tree". Evolution . 66 (12): 3918–3930. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01720.x. PMID 23206146. S2CID 8336248.
- ^ Doyle JJ (2011). "Phylogenetic perspectives on the origins of nodulation". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 24 (11): 1289–1295. doi:10.1094/MPMI-05-11-0114 . PMID 21995796.
- ^ Doyle JJ (2012). "Polyploidy in legumes". In Soltis PS, Soltis DE (eds.). Polyploidy and genome evolution. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 147–180. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31442-1_9. ISBN 978-3-642-31441-4.
- ^ "Flowers in Singapore".
- ^ a b The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon . 66 (1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3 . hdl:10568/90658 .
- ^ Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP (2001). "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as Inferred from Chloroplast trnL Intron Sequences". Syst Bot . 26 (3): 487–514. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 (inactive 1 November 2024).
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: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ a b Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS (2008). "Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes". Botany. 86 (7): 697–718. doi:10.1139/B08-058.
- ^ Manzanilla V, Bruneau A (2012). "Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 65 (1): 149–162. Bibcode:2012MolPE..65..149M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012年05月03日5. PMID 22699157.
- ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wykd B-E, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S. Afr. J. Bot. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.201305001 . hdl:10566/3193 .
- Media related to Caesalpinioideae at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Caesalpinioideae at Wikispecies