List of ambassadors of France to Germany
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This list of ambassadors of France to Germany and precursors of the modern German state also includes top-ranking French diplomats in Germany who did not formally have the ambassador title.
Ambassadors to the Holy Roman Empire
[edit ]This section is about France's envoys to the Perpetual Diet at Regensburg (1663–1806). For France's ambassadors to the Holy Roman Imperial Court, see list of ambassadors of France to Austria.
- 1630–1633: François Leclerc du Tremblay [1]
- 1653–1654: François Cazet de Vautorte
- 1658–1674: Robert de Gravel
- 1679–1688: Louis de Verjus
- 1716–1723: Jacques-Vincent Languet de Gergy
- 1726–1730: Théodore Chevignard de Chavigny
- 1741–1742: Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet de Belle-Isle
- 1763–1772: Louis-Gabriel Du Buat-Nançay
- 1775–1780: Marc Marie de Bombelles
- 1797–1799: Théobald Bacher
Ambassadors to the German Confederation
[edit ]Ambassadors to the German Confederation, also accredited to the Free City of Frankfurt, include:
- 1818–1830: Charles-Frédéric Reinhard (1761–1837)
- 1830–1839: Jean Baptiste de Alleye de Ciprey (1784-184?)
- 1840–1842: Antoine Louis Deffaudis (1786–1869)
- 1842–1847: Justin de Chasseloup-Laubat (1800–1847)
- 1848–1855: Auguste Bonaventure de Tallenay (1795–1863)
- 1855–1858: Gustave de Montessuy
- 1858–1864: Alfred de Salignac-Fénelon (1810–1883)
- 1864–1866: Edmé de Reculot (1815–1891)
For partial lists, see footnote[2] and.[3]
Ambassadors to German states
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This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2013)
France established permanent diplomatic missions to individual German states during the Thirty Years War or shortly thereafter, most notably Bavaria, Cologne, Prussia, Saxony and the free Hanseatic cities at Hamburg, all of which date from a time around the 1620s to 1640s.[4]
Bavaria : French envoys to the Bavarian Court at Munich
- 1624–1626: Victor Claude Alexandre de Faneau
- 1626–1631: Henri de Gournay de Marcheville
- 1631–1632: Hercule de Charnacé
- 1679–1680: Charles Colbert de Croissy
- 1687–1688: Claude-Louis-Hector de Villars
- 1743–1745: Daniel François de Gélas de Lautrec
- 1745–1746: Théodore Chevignard de Chavigny
- 1746–1748: Armand de Vignerot du Plessis
- 1748–1755: François de Baschi
- 1755–1756: Hubert de Folard
- 1756–1757: Louis-Gabriel Du Buat-Nançay
- 1776–1776: François Barbé-Marbois
- 1777–1778: Anne-César de La Luzerne
- 1780–1789: Messire Louis de Montezan
- 1792–1792: Frédéric Flamen d'Assigny
- 1798–1799: Charles-Jean-Marie Alquier
- 1803–1809: Louis-Guillaume Otto
- 1810–1814: Louis de Narbonne-Lara
- 1814–1816: Jules de Polignac
- 1816–1820: Auguste Delagarde
- 1821–1826: Louis-Toussaint de la Moussaye
- 1827–1831: Marie-Théodore de Rumigny
- 1832–1833: Charles-Joseph Bresson
- 1833–1834: Alfred de Vaudreuil
- 1835–1849: Paul-Charles-Amable de Bourgoing
- 1850–1851: Édouard Thouvenel
- 1880–1882: Gustave Olivier Lannes de Montebello
- 1888–1896: Camille Barrère
- 1897–1904: Jules Henrys d'Aubigny
- 1904–1907: Alfred Chilhaud-Dumaine
- 1907–1909: Ernest René Joseph Adrien Bourgarel
- 1909–1914: Henri Allizé
- 1920–1924: Émile Dard
- 1924–1933: Charles François de Paule Lefèvre d'Ormesson
- 1933–1934: Aimé Leroy
Cologne : French envoys to the Cologne Court at Bonn
- 1758–1760: Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Hamburg : French envoys to Lübeck, Bremen and Hamburg
- 1637–1642: Claude de Mesmes
- 1661–1675: Pierre Bidal d'Asfeld
- 1768–1770: Emmanuel Marie Louis de Noailles
- 1788–1790: Jean-François de Bourgoing
- 1795–1805: Charles-Frédéric Reinhard
- 1805–1810: Louis Antoine Fauvelet de Bourrienne
- 1825–1829: Jean Baptiste Gaspard Roux de Rochelle
Prussia : French envoys to the Brandenburg-Prussian Court at Berlin
- 1614–1614: Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul
- 1655–1656: Antoine de Lumbres
- 1660–1661: Charles Colbert de Croissy
- 1661–1661: Hugues de Lionne
- 1679–1679: Simon Arnauld, Marquis de Pomponne
- 1715–1715: Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquess of Torcy
- 1732–1739: Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie
- 1740–1748: Louis Guy Henri de Valori
- 1750–1752: Richard Francis Talbot
- 1756–1756: Louis Jules Mancini Mazarini
- 1768–1769: Adrien-Louis de Bonnières
- 1790–1791: Elénor-François-Elie, Comte de Moustier
- 1798–1799: Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
- 1799–1800: Louis-Guillaume Otto
- 1800–1802: Pierre de Ruel, marquis de Beurnonville
- 1802–1804: Louis Pierre Édouard, Baron Bignon
- 1805–1806: Antoine de Laforêt
- 1799–1806: Géraud Duroc, special envoy
- 1808–1813: Antoine Marie Philippe Asinari de Saint-Marsan
- 1814–1816: Louis Charles Victor de Riquet de Caraman
- 1816–1821: Charles François, Marquis de Bonnay
- 1821–1822: François-René de Chateaubriand
- 1822–1824: Maximilien Gérard de Rayneval
- 1824–1825: Paul-Charles-Amable de Bourgoing
- 1825–1828: Emmanuel Louis Marie Guignard de Saint-Priest
- 1828–1831: Hector-Philippe, comte d'Agoult
- 1831–1831: Carel Hendrik Ver Huell
- 1831–1831: Charles, comte de Flahaut
- 1833–1834: Charles Joseph, comte Bresson
- 1843–1849: Napoléon-Hector Soult, marquis of Dalmatia
- 1849–1849: Jean Gilbert Victor Fialin, duc de Persigny
- 1849–1850: Emmanuel Arago
- 1850–1851: Alexandre, comte de Lurde
- 1851–1853: Armand Lefebvre
- 1853–1859: Lionel de Moustier
- 1859–1862: Godefroi de La Tour d'Auvergne-Lauraguais
- 1863–1864: Charles de Talleyrand-Périgord
- 1864–1870: Vincent Benedetti
Saxony : French envoys to the Saxon Court at Dresden
- 1815-1816: Joseph Fouché
- 1816-1817: Marc-René, count of Montalambert
- 1816, 1817-1818: Edouard Dillon
- 1818–1820: Victor de Fay de La Tour-Maubourg
- 1820–1827: Marie-Théodore de Rumigny
- 1827–1830: Georges de Riquet de Caraman
- 1830–1832: Charles-Frédéric Reinhard
- 1832–1835: Paul-Charles-Amable de Bourgoing
At the time of the German Confederation additional missions were opened in Baden, Hanover, Hesse-Kassel, Hesse-Darmstadt, Nassau and Württemberg.[2] [3] After disestablishment of the German Confederation and establishment of the North-German Confederation, France's mission at Berlin became France's principal mission to Germany.
Ambassadors to the German Empire and Germany (1871–1939)
[edit ]
For main sources for this section, see footnote[5] and.[6]
| Start of term | End of term | Ambassador |
|---|---|---|
| 1872 | 1877 | Elie de Gontaut-Biron [7] |
| 1877 | 1881 | Raymond de Saint-Vallier |
| 1881 | 1886 | Alphonse Chodron de Courcel |
| 1886 | 1896 | Jules Gabriel Herbette |
| 1896 | 1902 | Emmanuel Henri Victurnien de Noailles |
| 1902 | 1907 | Georges Paul Louis Bihourd |
| 1907 | 1914 | Jules Cambon |
| 1914 | 1920 | Break in diplomatic relations during World War I and its aftermath |
| June 1920 | December 1922 | Charles François Laurent [8] |
| 1922 | 1931 | Pierre de Margerie |
| 1931 | 1938 | André François-Poncet |
| 1938 | 1939 | Robert Coulondre |
Ambassadors to West Germany
[edit ]For main sources for this section, see footnote[9] and.[10]
Diplomatic relations between France and Germany were cut following the invasion of Poland in 1939. France restored diplomatic relations with West Germany in 1949 and with East Germany in 1973.
| Start of term | End of term | Ambassador |
|---|---|---|
| 1949 | 1955 | André François-Poncet (Allied High Commissioner from 1949 to 1955 and ambassador after August 1, 1955) |
| 1955 | 1956 | Louis Joxe |
| 1956 | 1958 | Maurice Couve de Murville |
| 1958 | 1962 | François Seydoux de Clausonne |
| 1962 | 1965 | Roland de Margerie |
| 1965 | 1970 | François Seydoux de Clausonne |
| 1970 | 1974 | Jean Sauvagnargues |
| 1974 | 1977 | Olivier Wormser |
| 1977 | 1981 | Jean-Pierre Brunet |
| 1981 | 1983 | Henri Froment-Meurice |
| 1983 | 1986 | Jacques Morizet |
| 1986 | 1992 | Serge Boidevaix (German reunification occurred in 1990) |
Ambassadors to East Germany
[edit ]For the main source for this section, see footnote[9] and.[10]
Diplomatic relations between France and Germany were cut following the invasion of Poland in 1939. France restored diplomatic relations with West Germany in 1949 and with East Germany in 1973.
| Start of term | End of term | Ambassador (or diplomat of highest rank) |
|---|---|---|
| 1973 | 1974 | Jacques Jessel (Chargé d'Affaires) |
| 1974 | 1976 | Bernard Guillier de Chalvron |
| 1976 | 1981 | Henry Bayle |
| 1981 | 1981 | Xavier du Cauzé de Nazelle [11] |
| 1981 | 1986 | Maurice Deshors [12] |
| 1986 | 1990 (German reunification) |
Joëlle Timsit |
Ambassadors to post-reunification Germany
[edit ]For main sources for this section, see footnote[9] and.[10]
| Start of term | End of term | Ambassador |
|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 1992 | Serge Boidevaix (German reunification occurred in 1990) |
| 1992 | 1993 | Bertrand Dufourcq |
| 1993 | 1999 | François Scheer |
| 1999 | 2007 | Claude Martin |
| 2007 | 2011 | Bernard de Montferrand |
| 2011 | 2014 | Maurice Gourdault-Montagne |
| 2014 | 2017 | Philippe Étienne |
| 2017 | 2022 | Anne-Marie Descôtes |
| 2022 | François Delattre [13] |
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ Le Bas, Philippe (1844). France. Dictionnaire encyclopédique (in French). Paris: Firmin Didot frères. p. 893.
- ^ a b Count Guillaume de Garden (1861). Répertoire diplomatique: annales du droit des gens et de la politique extérieure (in French). J. Claye. pp. 45–46 (2nd volume).
- ^ a b Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France) (1887). "X: Ambassadeurs, envoyés extraordinaires, etc de France à l'étranger de 1815 à 1855". Annuaire diplomatique et consulaire de la République Française (in French). Vol. 9. Paris, Imprimerie Nationale. p. 321.
- ^ Le Bas, Philippe (1844). France. Dictionnaire encyclopédique (in French). Paris: Firmin Didot frères.
- ^ Aballéa, Marion (2012). "Entre soumission politico-administrative et goût de l'initiative individuelle: les diplomates français en poste à Berlin de 1871 aux années 1930". L'Europe, nouvelles approches (in French). Editions L'Harmattan. pp. 9–28. ISBN 9782296966864 . Retrieved 20 January 2013.
- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France). "La France en Allemagne. Hier - un peu d'histoire" (in French). French Embassy in Berlin. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2013.
- ^ Resigned in December 1877.
- ^ *Joly, Hervé (2012), "Les dirigeants des grandes entreprises industrielles françaises au 20e siècle. Des notables aux gestionnaires", Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire (in French), 2 (114): 25, doi:10.3917/vin.114.0016 , retrieved 2017年10月17日
- ^ a b c "Liste chronologique des représentants permanents de la France avec rang d'ambassadeur auprès de commissions, organisations et conférences internationales" (PDF) (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France). p. 37. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
- ^ a b c Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France). "Ambassadeurs en Allemagne depuis 1955" (in French). French Embassy in Berlin . Retrieved 20 January 2013. Also available in German Archived 2015年07月21日 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Décret du 5 janvier 1981" (in French). Journal officiel de la République française. 7 January 1981. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- ^ "Décret du 9 septembre 1981" (in French). Journal officiel de la République française. 11 September 1981. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
- ^ Philippe Ricard (31 July 2022), Le chassé-croisé des ambassadeurs renouvelle la direction du ministère des affaires étrangères Le Monde .