363

This article is about the year 363. For the number, see 363 (number).

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Calendar year

Years
Millennium
1st millennium
Centuries
3rd century 4th century 5th century
Decades
340s 350s 360s 370s 380s
Years
360 361 362 363 364 365 366
v t e

363 by topic
Leaders
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363 in various calendars
Hindu calendars
Gregorian calendar	363 CCCLXIII
Ab urbe condita	1116
Assyrian calendar	5113
Balinese saka calendar	284–285
Bengali calendar	−231 – −230
Berber calendar	1313
Buddhist calendar	907
Burmese calendar	−275
Byzantine calendar	5871–5872
Chinese calendar	壬戌年 (Water Dog) 3060 or 2853 — to — 癸亥年 (Water Pig) 3061 or 2854
Coptic calendar	79–80
Discordian calendar	1529
Ethiopian calendar	355–356
Hebrew calendar	4123–4124
- Vikram Samvat	419–420
- Shaka Samvat	284–285
- Kali Yuga	3463–3464
Holocene calendar	10363
Iranian calendar	259 BP – 258 BP
Islamic calendar	267 BH – 266 BH
Javanese calendar	245–246
Julian calendar	363 CCCLXIII
Korean calendar	2696
Minguo calendar	1549 before ROC 民前1549年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1105
Seleucid era	674/675 AG
Thai solar calendar	905–906
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་ (male Water-Dog) 489 or 108 or −664 — to — ཆུ་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་ (female Water-Boar) 490 or 109 or −663

Campaign of Emperor Julian against the Persian Empire (363)

Year 363 (CCCLXIII ) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Iulianus and Sallustius (or, less frequently, year 1116 Ab urbe condita ). The denomination 363 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

March 5 – Emperor Julian departs from Antioch with his army (90,000 men) and heads north towards the Euphrates. En route he creates a diversion and sends a force of 30,000 soldiers under his cousin Procopius to Armenia.^[1]
April – Julian crosses the Euphrates near Hierapolis, using 50 pontoon ships, and moves eastwards to Carrhae. He destroys Perisapora and overruns Persian forts along the desert frontier (Limes Arabicus ).
May 29 – Battle of Ctesiphon: Julian reaches the vicinity of the strongly fortified capital Ctesiphon. King Shapur II in charge of a large Persian army adopts a scorched earth policy, leaving the Romans desperately short of supplies.
June 16 – The Roman army starts its retreat northward to Corduene (Armenia). Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal Julian's forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
June 26 – Battle of Samarra: Julian is mortally wounded in a skirmish and dies from a wound received during the fighting near Samarra (Iraq). Jovian, general of the Guard, succeeds him and is proclaimed Emperor by the troops.^[2]
Emperor Jovian negotiates a disastrous peace with Persia, surrendering four of the five Roman provinces gained by Caesar Galerius in 298, and the cities Nisibis and Singara (Mesopotamia).^[3]

May 18–19 – Galilee earthquake of 363. Petra, capital of the Nabataeans (in modern-day Syria), is seriously damaged.
363 Arsakawan earthquake: It affects the cities of Arsakawan (modern Doğubayazıt) and Salat (modern Sisian).^[4]

The Council of Laodicea, which deals with constricting the conduct of church members, is held. The major canon approved by this council is Canon 29, which prohibits resting on the Sabbath (Saturday), restricting Christians to honoring the Lord on Sunday.
Mar Mattai Monastery is founded on Mount Alfaf.

^ G.W. Bowersock, Julian the Apostate (Cambridge: Harvard University, 1978), p. 108 ISBN 0-674-48882-2
^ ^a ^b Bowersock, Julian, pp. 116f
^ Bowersock, Julian, pp. 118f
^ Guidoboni, Traina, 1995, p. 113.