2025 Nobel Prizes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 2025 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden, and the Norwegian Nobel Institute, based in Oslo, to 16 individuals.
Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences.
Prizes
[edit ] Physics
United States John M. Martinis
"for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit"[1]
Chemistry
United States Jordan Saudi Arabia Omar M. Yaghi
"for the development of metal–organic frameworks"[2]
Physiology or Medicine
United States Mary E. Brunkow
"for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance"[3]
Literature
Hungary László Krasznahorkai
"for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art"[4]
Peace
Venezuela María Corina Machado
"for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy"[5]
Economic Sciences
United States Netherlands Israel Joel Mokyr
"for having identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress"[6]
France Philippe Aghion
"for the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction"[6] (Aghion–Howitt model)
References
[edit ]- ^ "Nobel Prize in Physics 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025年10月07日.
- ^ "Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025年10月08日.
- ^ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025年10月07日.
- ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025年10月09日.
- ^ "2025 - Nobel Peace Prize". www.nobelpeaceprize.org. 2025年10月10日. Retrieved 2025年10月10日.
- ^ a b "Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025年10月13日.