1997 in spaceflight
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| Orbital launches | |
|---|---|
| First | 12 January |
| Last | 24 December |
| Total | 89 |
| Successes | 83 |
| Failures | 3 |
| Partial failures | 3 |
| Catalogued | 86 |
| National firsts | |
| Satellite | Philippines |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | M-V Titan IVB VLS-1 Taepodong-1 |
| Retirements | Atlas I |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 10 |
| Total travellers | 51 |
This article outlines notable events occurring in 1997 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.
Cassini–Huygens launch
[edit ]This paragraph is an excerpt from Cassini–Huygens.[edit ]
Launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997, Cassini was active in space for nearly 20 years, spending its final 13 years orbiting Saturn and studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004.[1]
Orbital launches
[edit ]| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January[edit ] | |||||||
| 12 January 09:27 |
United States Space Shuttle Atlantis | United States Kennedy LC-39B | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-81 | NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 22 January 14:23 |
Successful | ||
| United States SpaceHab LDM | NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Logistics | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts | |||||||
| 17 January 16:28 |
United States Delta II 7925-9.5 | United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States GPS IIR-1 | US Air Force | Intended: Medium Earth | Navigation | +12 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
| SRB structural failure caused rocket to explode; First flight of GPS Block IIR satellite | |||||||
| 30 January 22:04 |
France Ariane 4 (44L) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United States GE 2 | GE Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Argentina Nahuel 1A | Nahuelsa | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
February[edit ] | |||||||
| 10 February 14:09 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Soyuz TM-25 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-23 | 14 August 12:17 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
| 11 February 08:55 |
United States Space Shuttle Discovery | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-82 | NASA | Low Earth (HST) | Hubble Servicing Mission 2 | 21 February 08:32 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
| 12 February 04:50 |
Japan M-V | Japan Uchinoura | Japan ISAS | ||||
| Japan HALCA (MUSES-B) | ISAS | Medium Earth | Astronomy | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of M-V; Mission concluded in November 2005 | |||||||
| 14 February 03:47 |
Ukraine Tsyklon-3 | Russia Plesetsk Site 32 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Gonets-D1 | Gonets SatCom | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Russia Gonets-D1 | Gonets SatCom | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Russia Gonets-D1 | Gonets SatCom | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Russia Kosmos 2337 (Strela-3) | MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Russia Kosmos 2338 (Strela-3) | MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Russia Kosmos 2339 (Strela-3) | MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 17 February 01:42 |
United States Atlas IIAS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| Japan JCSAT-4 | JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 23 February 20:20 |
United States Titan IVB (402)/IUS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-40 | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States USA-130 (DSP F18) | US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Early warning | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Maiden flight of Titan IVB | |||||||
March[edit ] | |||||||
| 1 March 01:07 |
France Ariane 4 (44P) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United Nations Intelsat 801 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 4 March 02:00 |
Russia Start-1 | Russia Svobodniy Site 5 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Zeya | MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | 25 October 1999 | Successful | ||
| 8 March 06:01 |
United States Atlas IIA | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States Tempo 2 | TCI | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Suffered damage from a solar flare in April 1997 and was retired on 15 August 2006. | |||||||
April[edit ] | |||||||
| 4 April 16:47 |
United States Titan 23G | United States Vandenberg SLC-4W | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States USA-131 (DMSP 5D2 F14) | US Air Force/NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 4 April 19:20 |
United States Space Shuttle Columbia | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-83 | NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 8 April 18:33 |
Partial Failure | ||
| United States Spacelab Long Module 1 | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Spacelab MSL-1 | ||||
| United States EDO Pallet | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts Fuel cell failure caused the flight to be aborted. Re-flown as STS-94 later the same year. | |||||||
| 6 April 16:04 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Progress M-34 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 2 July 06:31 |
Spacecraft failure | ||
| Collided with Mir during rendezvous tests on 25 June, heavily damaging the station and permanently depressurizing the Spektr module. | |||||||
| 9 April 08:58 |
Russia Molniya-M | Russia Plesetsk Site 16/2 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2340 (Oko) | MO RF | Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 16 April 23:08 |
France Ariane 4 (44LP) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| Thailand Thaicom 3 | Thaicom | Geosynchronous | Communications | 2 October 2006 | Successful | ||
| Japan BSAT-1A | BSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Thaicom 3 deorbited after suffering severe power degradation.[2] | |||||||
| 17 April 13:03 |
Russia Kosmos-3M | Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2341 (Parus) | MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 21 April 11:59 |
United States Pegasus-XL | Spain Stargazer, Gando | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| Spain Minisat-01 | INTA | Low Earth | Technology development | 26 February 2002 | Successful | ||
| United States Celestis Founders | Celestis | Low Earth | Space burial | 20 May 2002 | Successful | ||
| 25 April 05:49 |
United States Atlas I | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States GOES 10 (GOES-K) | NOAA | Geosynchronous Graveyard (after retirement) |
Meteorology | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Atlas I, satellite retired and boosted to graveyard orbit on 1 December 2009.[3] | |||||||
May[edit ] | |||||||
| 5 May 14:55 |
United States Delta II (7920-10C) | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 8 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 24 November 2017[4] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 7 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 6 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 23 December 2017[5] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 5 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 4 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 11 May 16:17 |
China Long March 3A | China Xichang LC-2 | China | ||||
| China Zhongxing-6 (Chinasat-6) | Chinasat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 14 May 00:33 |
Russia Molniya-M | Russia Plesetsk Site 43/4 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2342 (Oko) | MO RF | Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 15 May 08:07 |
United States Space Shuttle Atlantis | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-84 | NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 24 May 13:27 |
Successful | ||
| United States SpaceHab LDM | NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Logistics | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
| 15 May 12:10 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 31/6 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2343 | MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 September | Successful | ||
| 20 May 07:07 |
Ukraine Zenit-2 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 45/1 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Tselina-2 | VKS | Intended: Low Earth | ELINT | + 48 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
| Stage 1 engine failure | |||||||
| 20 May 22:39 |
United States Delta II 7925-9.5 | United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| Norway Thor-2 | Telenor | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 24 May 17:00 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2M | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States Telstar 5 | Loral Skynet | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
June[edit ] | |||||||
| 3 June 23:20 |
France Ariane 4 (44L) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United Kingdom Inmarsat 3F4 | Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| India INSAT 2D | ISRO | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| Insat 2D declared a total loss on 4 October 1997. | |||||||
| 6 June 16:56 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-5 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2344 (Araks-N) | MO RF | Medium Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 10 June 12:01 |
China Long March 3 | China Xichang LC-1 | China | ||||
| China Feng Yun 2A | CASC | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| Halted transmitting data in April 1998, resumed transmission but imaging system failed later that year in September. | |||||||
| 18 June 14:02 |
Russia Proton-K/DM2 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | Russia | ||||
| United States Iridium 14 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 12 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 2 September 2018[6] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 9 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 11 March 2003 | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 10 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 6 October 2018[7] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 13 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 29 April 2018[8] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 16 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 11 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| 25 June 23:44 |
France Ariane 4 (44P) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United Nations Intelsat 802 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
July[edit ] | |||||||
| 1 July 18:02 |
United States Space Shuttle Columbia | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-94 | NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 17 July 10:40 |
Successful | ||
| United States Spacelab Long Module 1 | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Spacelab MSL-1 | ||||
| United States EDO Pallet | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts, reflight of STS-83 Final flight of Spacelab Long Module 1 | |||||||
| 5 July 04:11 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Progress M-35 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 7 October 17:23 |
Successful | ||
| 9 July 13:04 |
United States Delta II 7920-10C | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 15 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 14 October 2018[9] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 17 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 20 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 18 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 19 August 2018[10] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 21 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| 23 July 03:42 |
United States Delta II 7925-9.5 | United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States USA-132 (GPS IIR-2) | US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 28 July 01:15 |
United States Atlas IIAS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| Japan Superbird C | SCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
August[edit ] | |||||||
| 1 August 20:20 |
United States Pegasus-XL | United States Stargazer, Vandenberg | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States Orbview-2 | GeoEye | Low Earth | Earth imaging | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 5 August 15:35 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Soyuz TM-26 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-24 | 19 February 1998 09:10 |
Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts | |||||||
| 7 August 14:41 |
United States Space Shuttle Discovery | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-85 | NASA | Low Earth | Space sciences | 19 August 11:08 |
Successful | ||
| Germany United States CRISTA-SPAS-2 | DLR/NASA | Low Earth | Atmospheric research | ||||
| Japan MFD | NASDA | Low Earth (Discovery) | Dextrous RMS demonstration | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts CRISTA-SPAS deployed 7 August and retrieved 16 August | |||||||
| 8 August 06:46 |
France Ariane 4 (44LP) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United States PAS 6 | PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| Spacecraft failure occurred in April 2004 | |||||||
| 14 August 20:49 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2345 (Prognoz) | MO RF | Geosynchronous | Early warning | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired on 1 January 1999 | |||||||
| 19 August 17:50 |
China Long March 3B | China Xichang LC-2 | China | ||||
| Philippines Agila 2 | MPSC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 21 August 00:38 |
United States Delta II 7920-10C | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 26 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 25 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 14 May 2018[11] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 24 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 11 May 2019[12] | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 23 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 28 March 2018[13] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 22 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 23 August 06:51 |
United States LMLV-1 (Athena I) | United States Vandenberg SLC-6 | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States Lewis | NASA | Low Earth | Earth observation | 29 September | Spacecraft failure | ||
| Control lost within three days of launch due to RCS design flaw.[14] | |||||||
| 25 August 14:39 |
United States Delta II 7920-8 | United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States ACE | NASA | Earth/Sun L1 point | Magnetospheric research | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 28 August 00:33 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2M | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States PAS 5 | PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 29 August 15:02 |
United States Pegasus-XL | United States Stargazer, Vandenberg | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States FORTE | US Air Force | Low Earth | Ionosphere research | In orbit | Operational | ||
September[edit ] | |||||||
| 1 September 14:00 |
China Long March 2C | China Taiyuan LC-1 | China CASC | ||||
| United States Iridium MFS-1 | Iridium | Low Earth | Boilerplate spacecraft | In orbit | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium MFS-2 | Iridium | Low Earth | Boilerplate spacecraft | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 2 September 22:21 |
France Ariane 4 (44LP) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| France Hot Bird 3 | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Meteosat 7 | Eumetsat | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 4 September 12:03 |
United States Atlas IIAS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States GE 3 | GE Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 14 September 01:36 |
Russia Proton-K/17S40 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | Russia | ||||
| United States Iridium 29 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 32 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 10 March 2019[16] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 33 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 10 February 2009 | Partial Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 27 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 1 February 2002 | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 28 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 30 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 28 September 2017[17] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 31 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 20 December 2018[18] | Successful | ||
| Iridium 33 destroyed in collision with Kosmos 2251 [15] | |||||||
| 23 September 16:44 |
Russia Kosmos-3M | Russia Plesetsk Site 132/1 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2346 (Parus) | MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States FAISAT-2V | FAI | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 23 September 23:58 |
France Ariane 4 (42L) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United Nations Intelsat 803 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 24 September 21:30 |
Russia Molniya-M | Russia Plesetsk Site 43/4 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Molniya-1T | MO RF | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 26 September 02:34 |
United States Space Shuttle Atlantis | United States Kennedy LC-39A | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-86 | NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 6 October 21:55 |
Successful | ||
| United States SpaceHab LDM | NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Logistics | ||||
| Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
| 27 September 01:23 |
United States Delta II 7920-10C | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 19 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 7 April 2018[19] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 37 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 26 May 2018[20] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 36 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 35 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 26 December 2018[21] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 34 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 8 January 2018[22] | Successful | ||
| 29 September 04:47 |
India PSLV | India Sriharikota FLP | India ISRO | ||||
| India IRS-1D | ISRO | Sun-synchronous | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational | ||
October[edit ] | |||||||
| 5 October 15:08 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Progress M-36 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 19 December 13:20 |
Successful | ||
| Russia Sputnik-40 | Roskosmos | Low Earth | Amateur communications | 21 May 1998 | Successful | ||
| Germany X-Mir | DASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Inspect Mir | 2 October 1998 | Successful | ||
| 5 October 21:01 |
United States Atlas IIAS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States Echostar 3 | EchoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 9 October 17:59 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Russia Plesetsk Site 43/3 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Foton 11 | Roskosmos | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 23 October | Successful | ||
| 15 October 08:43 |
United States Titan IVB (401)/Centaur | United States Cape Canaveral LC-40 | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States Cassini | NASA | Kronocentric Orbit | Saturn orbiter | 15 September 2017 10:31 |
Successful | ||
| United States Huygens | NASA/ESA | Kronocentric Orbit | Titan lander | 14 January 2005 12:43 |
Successful | ||
| Cassini is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and Huygens is the first spacecraft to land on Titan. Huygens released from Cassini on 25 December 2004. | |||||||
| 16 October 19:13 |
China Long March 3B | China Xichang LC-2 | China | ||||
| China Apstar 2R | APT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 22 October 13:13 |
United States Pegasus-XL | United States Stargazer, Wallops Island | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States STEP-4 | US Air Force | Low Earth | 31 March 2001 | Successful | |||
| 24 October 02:32 |
United States Titan IVA (403) | United States Vandenberg SLC-4E | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States USA-133 (Lacrosse 3) | NRO | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 25 October 00:46 |
United States Atlas IIA | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36A | United States | ||||
| United States USA-135 (DSCS III F13) | US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States FalconSat Gold | USAFA | Geosynchronous transfer | Technology demonstration | 27 September 1998 | Successful | ||
| 30 October 13:43 |
France Ariane 5G | France Kourou ELA-3 | France Arianespace | ||||
| MAQSAT-H | ESA | Geosynchronous transfer | Boilerplate | In orbit | Successful | ||
| MAQSAT-B | ESA | Geosynchronous transfer | Boilerplate | In orbit | Successful | ||
| TEAMSAT | ESTEC | Geosynchronous transfer | Technology development | In orbit | Operational | ||
| YES | ESTEC | Geosynchronous transfer | Technolovy development | In orbit | Operational | ||
November[edit ] | |||||||
| 2 November 12:25 |
Brazil VLS-1 | V01 | Brazil Alcântara | Brazil INPE | |||
| Brazil SCD-2A | INPE | Intended: Low Earth | Weather satellite | 2 November | Launch Failure | ||
| Maiden flight of VLS-1; First Brazilian orbital launch attempt | |||||||
| 6 November 00:30 |
United States Delta II 7925-9.5 | United States Cape Canaveral LC-17A | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States USA-134 (GPS IIA-19) | US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 8 November 02:05 |
United States Titan IVA (401)/Centaur | United States Cape Canaveral LC-41 | United States Lockheed Martin | ||||
| United States USA-136 (Trumpet 3) | NRO | Molniya | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
| NRO Launch 4 | |||||||
| 9 November 01:34 |
United States Delta II 7920-10C | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 43 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 11 February 2018[23] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 41 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 28 July 2018[24] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 40 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 23 September 2018[25] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 39 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 38 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 12 November 17:00 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2M | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 200/39 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kupon | RFCB | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| Onboard computer failed | |||||||
| 12 November 21:48 |
France Ariane 4 (44L) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| Sweden Sirius 2 | NSAB | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| Indonesia IndoStar-1 | Indostar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Astra 5A (Sirius 2) failed on 16 January 2009 | |||||||
| 18 November 11:14 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Russia Plesetsk | Russia | ||||
| Russia Resurs F-1M | Roskosmos | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 13 December | Successful | ||
| 19 November 19:46 |
United States Space Shuttle Columbia | United States Kennedy LC-39B | United States United Space Alliance | ||||
| United States STS-87 | NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity experiments | 5 December 12:20 |
Successful | ||
| United States SPARTAN-201 | NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | Failure | |||
| United States EDO Pallet | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | Successful | |||
| Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts Spartan failed to orient itself due to human error during deployment on 21 November; was retrieved on 25 November. | |||||||
| 27 November 21:27 |
Japan H-II | Japan Tanegashima LA-Y1 | Japan | ||||
| United States TRMM | NASA | Low Earth | Environmental research | 16 June 2015 06:55[27] |
Successful | ||
| Japan Hikoboshi (ETS-7) | NASDA | Low Earth | Docking test | 13 November 2015[28] | Successful | ||
| Japan Orihime (ETS-7) | NASDA | Low Earth | Docking test | 13 November 2015[28] | Successful | ||
| The two ETS satellites docked on 7 July 1998[26] | |||||||
December[edit ] | |||||||
| 2 December 22:52 |
France Ariane 4 (44P) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| Japan JCSAT 5 | JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Germany Equator-S | DLR | Geosynchronous transfer | Magnetospheric research | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 12 November 17:00 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2M | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| Luxembourg Astra 1G | SES | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 8 December 07:16 |
China Long March 2C | China Taiyuan LC-1 | China CASC | ||||
| United States Iridium 42 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 44 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| 8 December 23:52 |
United States Atlas IIAS | United States Cape Canaveral LC-36B | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| United States Galaxy 8i | PanAmSat | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired in October 2002 | |||||||
| 9 December 07:17 |
Ukraine Tsyklon-2 | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 90/20 | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2347 (EORSAT | MO RF | Low Earth | SIGINT | 11 December 1999 | Successful | ||
| 15 December 15:40 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Russia Plesetsk | Russia | ||||
| Russia Kosmos 2348 (Yantar) | MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 14 April 1998 | Successful | ||
| 20 December 08:45 |
Russia Soyuz-U | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 | Russia Roskosmos | ||||
| Russia Progress M-37 | Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 15 March 1998 23:04 |
Successful | ||
| 20 December 13:16 |
United States Delta II 7920-10C | United States Vandenberg SLC-2W | United States Boeing IDS | ||||
| United States Iridium 45 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 46 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Iridium 47 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 1 September 2018[29] | Successful | ||
| United States Iridium 48 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 5 May 2001 | Spacecraft Failure | ||
| United States Iridium 49 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 13 February 2018[30] | Successful | ||
| 22 December 00:16 |
France Ariane 4 (42L) | France Kourou ELA-2 | France Arianespace | ||||
| United Nations Intelsat 804 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 23 December 19:11 |
United States Pegasus-XL/HAPS | United States Stargazer, Wallops Island | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States Orbcomm A1 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A2 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A3 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A4 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A5 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A6 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A7 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| United States Orbcomm A8 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| 24 December 13:32 |
Russia Start-1 | Russia Svobodniy Site 5 | Russia | ||||
| United States Early Bird 1 | EarthWatch | Low Earth | Earth observation | 27 July 2000 | Successful | ||
| 24 December 23:19 |
Russia Proton-K/DM-2M | Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 81/23 | United States Russia International Launch Services | ||||
| China AsiaSat 3 | AsiaSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Partial Launch Failure | ||
| Upper stage failure; Performed lunar flyby to reduce orbital inclination and reach operational position. | |||||||
Suborbital launches
[edit ]| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January[edit ] | |||||||
| 15 January | Russia R-29 | Russia Submarine, Barents Sea | Russia Russian Navy | ||||
| Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 January | Successful | |||
| 17 January 01:17 |
United States LGM-30F Minuteman II | United States Vandenberg LF-03 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States IFT-1 (EKV) | US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 17 January | Successful | ||
| 29 January | United States Storm-2 | United States White Sands LC-32 | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States MTTV | US Air Force | Suborbital | Target spacecraft | 29 January | Failure | ||
| United States MTD-2 | US Air Force | Suborbital | Weapons test | ||||
| 30 January | United States SR19 | United States C-130, NAS Point Mugu | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States AltAir (Have Gold) | US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | +28 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
| Accidentally destroyed by range safety | |||||||
| 30 January 07:30 |
Japan S-520 | Japan Uchinoura Pad K | Japan ISAS | ||||
| ISAS | Suborbital | Technology development | 30 January | Successful | |||
| 30 January 08:42 |
United States LGM-30G Minuteman III | United States Vandenberg LF-26 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States FOT GT163GB | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 January | Successful | ||
| 31 January 01:55 |
Russia MR-12 | Russia Kapustin Yar | Russia AN RF | ||||
| United States Flaksus-1 | APL | Suborbital | Plasma research | 31 January | Successful | ||
February[edit ] | |||||||
| 5 February 02:16 |
Russia MR-12 | Russia Kapustin Yar | Russia AN RF | ||||
| United States Flaksus-2 | APL | Suborbital | Plasma research | 5 February | Successful | ||
| 7 February | Russia R-17 Scud | Marshall Islands Bigen Island, Aur Atoll | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States Willow Dune | US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 7 February | Successful | ||
| 10 February 05:17 |
Canada Black Brant XII | United States Poker Flat | United States NASA | ||||
| United States PHAZE 2 | NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 10 February | Successful | ||
| 10 February 06:30 |
United States Castor-Orbus | United States Nevada Test Site LA-26 | United States Sandia | ||||
| Sandia | Suborbital | Rocket test | 10 February | Successful | |||
| 11 February 08:36 |
Canada Black Brant XII | United States Poker Flat | United States NASA | ||||
| United States Auroral Turbulance 2 | NASA | Suborbital | Auroral/Ionosphere research | 11 February | Successful | ||
| 12 February 21:00 |
United States LCLV | United States Wallops Island | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States MDT IV | Suborbital | Target | 12 February | Successful | |||
| 20 February | United States UGM-96 Trident I | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Successful | |||
| 20 February | United States UGM-96 Trident I | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Successful | |||
| 20 February | United States UGM-96 Trident I | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Successful | |||
| 20 February | United States UGM-96 Trident I | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 February | Successful | |||
| 22 February | United States Castor 4B | United States Wake Island | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States TCMP II | Suborbital | Re-entry vehicle test | 22 February | Successful | |||
| 23 February | India Prithvi | India Balasore | India DRDO | ||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 February | Successful | |||
| 23 February 10:06 |
United States LCLV | United States Wallops Island | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States MDT III | Suborbital | Target | 23 February | Successful | |||
| 26 February 20:00 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Rocket test | 26 February | Successful | |||
March[edit ] | |||||||
| 1 March | United States Castor 4B | United States Wake Island | United States OrbitalSciences | ||||
| United States TCMP II | Suborbital | Re-entry vehicle test | 1 March | Successful | |||
| 6 March | United States Hera | United States White Sands LC-94 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Target | 6 March | Successful | |||
| 6 March | United States THAAD | United States White Sands | United States US Air Force | ||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Interceptor | 6 March | Successful | |||
| 13 March 10:20 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States Poker Flat | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 13 March | Successful | |||
| 18 March 00:16 |
United States UGM-133 Trident II | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 March | Successful | |||
| 18 March | United States UGM-133 Trident II | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 March | Successful | |||
| 19 March | Russia R-17 Scud | Marshall Islands Bigen Island, Aur Atoll | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States Willow Dune | US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 19 March | Successful | ||
| 25 March 03:15 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 25 March | Successful | |||
| Studied Hale-Bopp comet | |||||||
| 30 March 03:25 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| United States EUVS | NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 30 March | Successful | ||
April[edit ] | |||||||
| 6 April 03:25 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | 6 April | Successful | ||||
| 8 April 03:55 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| United States WISP | NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 8 April | Successful | ||
| 17 April | Ukraine R-36M | Kazakhstan Baikonur | Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 April | Successful | |||
| 28 April 16:42 |
Brazil VS-30 | Brazil Alcântara | Brazil INPE | ||||
| Germany AL-VS30-223 | DLR | Suborbital | Test rocket | 28 April | Successful | ||
| 30 April | India RH-560/300 Mk.II | India Sriharikota | India ISRO | ||||
| ISRO | Suborbital | Test rocket | 30 April | Successful | |||
May[edit ] | |||||||
| 2 May 07:30 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | X-ray Astronomy | 2 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May 07:10 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May 08:01 |
United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper | United States Vandenberg LF-05 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States 9 re-entry vehicles | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | ||
| 15 May 19:16 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| United States NCAR/CU-6 | NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy/Solar observation | 15 May | Successful | ||
| 21 May 08:27 |
United States LGM-30G Minuteman III | United States Vandenberg LF-04 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States FOT GT164GM/SHARP | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile and re-entry vehicle test | 21 May | Successful | ||
| 23 May 21:44 |
United States Terrier-Orion | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| United States MSX | SMDC | Suborbital | Target | 23 May | Successful | ||
| 29 May 04:56 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Radio astronomy | 29 May | Successful | |||
| 30 May | United States UGM-133 Trident II | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 May | Successful | |||
June[edit ] | |||||||
| 10 June | Russia UR-100NU | Kazakhstan Baikonur | Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 June | Successful | |||
| 18 June 14:02 |
United States LGM-30G Minuteman III | United States Vandenberg LF-10 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States FOT GT165GM | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 June | Successful | ||
| 24 June 03:39 |
United States LGM-30F Minuteman II | United States Vandenberg LF-03 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States MSLS IFT-1A | US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 24 June | Partial Failure | ||
| Some decoys failed to deploy | |||||||
| 24 June 04:00 |
United States Payload Launch Vehicle | Marshall Islands Meck Island, Kwajalein | United States Orbital Sciences | ||||
| United States IFT-1A EKV | US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Test | 24 June | Partial Failure | ||
| Poor system performance; Non-destructive flyby | |||||||
July[edit ] | |||||||
| 8 July 12:25 |
Russia RT-2PM Topol | Russia Plesetsk Site 158 | Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 July | Successful | |||
| 9 July | South Korea KSR-II | South Korea Anhueng | South Korea KARI | ||||
| KARI | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy/Ionosphere research | 9 July | Successful | |||
| 23 July | Russia R-29 | Russia Submarine, Barents Sea | Russia Russian Navy | ||||
| Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 July | Successful | |||
August[edit ] | |||||||
| 8 August 13:19 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 8 August | Successful | |||
| 8 August 13:24 |
United States Terrier-Orion | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| United States COORS | NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere/Aeronomy research | 8 August | Failure | ||
| 8 August 16:29 |
Canada Black Brant VC | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere/Aeronomy research | 8 August | Successful | |||
| 9 August 13:29 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 9 August | Successful | |||
| 9 August 22:57 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 9 August | Successful | |||
| 10 August 13:36 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 10 August | Successful | |||
| 10 August 21:30 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 10 August | Successful | |||
| 11 August 13:38 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful | |||
| 11 August 13:43 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful | |||
| 11 August 18:18 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 11 August | Successful | |||
| 11 August 21:34 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful | |||
| 12 August 12:10 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful | |||
| 12 August 12:15 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful | |||
| 12 August 12:26 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful | |||
| 12 August 21:41 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful | |||
| 13 August 13:50 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 13 August | Successful | |||
| 13 August 13:55 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 13 August | Successful | |||
| 13 August 21:40 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | 13 August | Successful | ||||
| 14 August 12:22 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful | |||
| 14 August 12:27 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful | |||
| 14 August 21:53 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful | |||
| 15 August 10:58 |
United States Viper | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 15 August | Successful | |||
| 15 August 20:25 |
United States Super Loki | United States Wallops Island | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 15 August | Successful | |||
September[edit ] | |||||||
| 2 September 07:00 |
United States Terrier-Orion | Anna Plains | United States NASA | ||||
| United States DUNDEE 1 | NASA | Suborbital | Target | 2 September | Successful | ||
| 5 September 04:00 |
United States Terrier-Orion | Anna Plains | United States NASA | ||||
| United States DUNDEE 2 | NASA | Suborbital | Target | 5 September | Successful | ||
| 10 September 02:00 |
United States Terrier-Orion | Anna Plains | United States NASA | ||||
| United States DUNDEE 3 | NASA | Suborbital | Target | 10 September | Successful | ||
| 10 September 14:40 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 10 September | Successful | |||
| 10 September 15:10 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 10 September | Successful | |||
| 11 September 20:15 |
United States Terrier-Orion | Anna Plains | United States NASA | ||||
| United States DUNDEE 4 | NASA | Suborbital | Target | 11 September | Successful | ||
| 17 September 08:01 |
United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper | United States Vandenberg LF-05 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States 7 re-entry vehicles | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 September | Successful | ||
| 19 September 13:00 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 19 September | Successful | |||
| 24 September | United States Storm-2 | United States White Sands LC-32 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States MTTV-4 | US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 24 September | Successful | ||
| 25 September 00:30 |
Japan TR-1 | Japan Tanegashima LA-T | NASDA | ||||
| NASDA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 25 September | Successful | |||
| 30 September 20:10 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| United States HRTS 10 | NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 30 September | Successful | ||
October[edit ] | |||||||
| 3 October 07:07 |
Russia RT-2PM Topol | Russia Plesetsk Site 158 | Russia RVSN | ||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 October | Successful | |||
| 4 October 18:30 |
United States Castor-Orbus | United States Nevada Test Site LA-26 | United States Sandia | ||||
| Sandia | Suborbital | Test rocket | 4 October | Failure | |||
| 10 October | United States UGM-133 Trident II | United Kingdom Submarine, Eastern Range | United Kingdom Royal Navy | ||||
| Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 October | Successful | |||
| 10 October | United States UGM-133 Trident II | United Kingdom Submarine, Eastern Range | United Kingdom Royal Navy | ||||
| Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 October | Successful | |||
| 12 October 16:42 |
Brazil VS-30 | Norway Andøya | Brazil INPE | ||||
| Germany AL-VS30-226 | DLR | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 12 October | Successful | ||
| 16 October 19:00 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 16 October | Successful | |||
November[edit ] | |||||||
| 5 November 20:02 |
United States Terrier-Orion | Norway Andøya | United States NASA | ||||
| United States Combined Sodium and Sporadic Layers | NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 5 November | Successful | ||
| 5 November 21:01 |
United States LGM-118 Peacekeeper | United States Vandenberg LF-02 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States 8 re-entry vehicles | US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 November | Successful | ||
| 14 November 05:00 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands | United States NASA | ||||
| United States SCARI | NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 14 November | Successful | ||
| 17 November | United States Hera | United States Fort Wingate LC-96 | United States US Air Force | ||||
| United States MTV | US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Target | 17 November | Failure | ||
| 18 November 19:35 |
Canada Black Brant IX | United States White Sands LC-36 | United States NASA | ||||
| United States SERTS-97 | NASA | Suborbital | Solar observation | 18 November | Successful | ||
| 19 November | Russia RT-23 | Russia Nenoksa | Russia RVSN | ||||
| Russian Navy | Suborbital | Test rocket | 19 November | Failure | |||
December[edit ] | |||||||
| 2 December 08:42 |
Canada Black Brant IX | Norway SvalRak | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 2 December | Successful | |||
| 3 December 09:06 |
Canada Black Brant IX | Norway SvalRak | United States NASA | ||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Plasma research | 3 December | Successful | |||
| 18 December | United States UGM-133 Trident II | United States Submarine, Eastern Range | United States US Navy | ||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 December | Successful | |||
Deep-space rendezvous
[edit ]| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 February | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Europa | |
| 5 April | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Ganymede | |
| 7 May | Galileo | 4th flyby of Ganymede | |
| 25 June | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Callisto | |
| 27 June | NEAR | Flyby of 253 Mathilde | Closest approach: 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) |
| 4 July | Mars Pathfinder | Landed on Mars | Location: Ares Vallis; first Mars rover and rover on another planet |
| 11 September | Mars Global Surveyor | Areocentric orbit injection | |
| 17 September | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Callisto | |
| 6 November | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Europa | |
| 16 December | Galileo | 4th flyby of Europa |
| Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Function | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 February 04:34 |
6 hours 42 minutes |
11:16 | STS-82 Discovery |
United States Mark C. Lee United States Steven Smith |
Swapped out the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced the Faint Object Spectrograph with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Stowed the GHRS and FOS for return to Earth in the payload bay.[31] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 15 February 03:25 |
7 hours 27 minutes |
10:52 | STS-82 Discovery |
United States Gregory J. Harbaugh United States Joseph R. Tanner |
Replaced a Fine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units. Also installed the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit.[32] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 16 February 02:53 |
7 hours 11 minutes |
10:04 | STS-82 Discovery |
United States Mark C. Lee United States Steven Smith |
Replaced a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replaced a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state digital version. Also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that help point the telescope at targets.[33] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 17 February 03:45 |
6 hours 34 minutes |
10:19 | STS-82 Discovery |
United States Gregory J. Harbaugh United States Joseph R. Tanner |
Replaced the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare, also replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation.[34] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 18 February 03:15 |
5 hours 17 minutes |
08:32 | STS-82 Discovery |
United States Mark C. Lee United States Steven Smith |
Installed more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation.[35] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 29 April 05:10 |
4 hours 59 minutes |
10:09 | Mir EO-23 Kvant-2 |
Russia Vasily Tsibliyev United States Jerry M. Linenger |
Installed the Optical Properties Monitor on the exterior of Kristall . Used the Strela crane to move to the Kvant-2 module. At Kvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment and the Mir Sample Experiment, from the Kvant-2 hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter on Kvant-2.[36] | First use of the new Orlan-M space suit. |
| 22 August 11:14 |
3 hours 16 minutes |
14:30 | Mir EO-24 Transfer compartment of DOS-7 |
Russia Anatoly Solovyev Russia Pavel Vinogradov |
Reconnected power cabling to the Spektr solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole.[37] | Internal EVA to inspect the damaged Spektr module |
| 6 September 01:07 |
6 hours | 07:07 | Mir EO-24 Kvant-2 |
Russia Anatoly Solovyev United Kingdom /United States Michael Foale |
Solovyev rode the Strela crane operated by Foale on the base block to Spektr to inspect for damage. Although an extensive documentation and search of Spektr, he was unable to find the hole. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier.[38] | Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits.[39] |
| 1 October 17:29 |
5 hours 1 minute |
22:30 | STS-86 Mir Atlantis |
United States Scott E. Parazynski Russia Vladimir Titov |
Retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages from the docking module surface. Also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in the Spektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue jet packs.[40] | |
| 20 October 09:40 |
6 hours 38 minutes |
16:18 | Mir EO-24 Transfer compartment of DOS-7 |
Russia Anatoly Solovyev Russia Pavel Vinogradov |
Attempted to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that seals Spektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items in Spektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. But even after an effort that extended into the "emergency oxygen supply" of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate.[41] | Internal EVA to repair the damaged Spektr module |
| 3 November 03:32 |
6 hours 4 minutes |
09:36 | Mir EO-24 Kvant-2 |
Russia Anatoly Solovyev Russia Pavel Vinogradov |
Released a minispunik (mini-satellite) into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled the old solar panel MSB-4 on Kvant-1 . They stowed the panel on the outside of the base block.[42] | |
| 6 November 00:12 |
6 hours 12 minutes |
06:24 | Mir EO-24 Kvant-2 |
Russia Anatoly Solovyev Russia Pavel Vinogradov |
Installed a new solar array on Kvant-1 to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk.[43] | |
| 25 November 00:02 |
7 hours 43 minutes |
07:45 | STS-87 Columbia |
United States Winston E. Scott Japan Takao Doi |
Captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that will be used to construct the International Space Station.[44] | Doi became the first Japanese spacewalker. |
| 3 December 09:09 |
4 hours 59 minutes |
14:09 | STS-87 Columbia |
United States Winston E. Scott Japan Takao Doi |
Conducted more testing and evaluation of the crane in the payload bay. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier EVA. During the EVA a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work.[45] |
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- ^ "IRIDIUM 40". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
- ^ "Rendezvous Docking Experiment Plan and Results". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 16 September 1999. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 29 July 2008.
- ^ "Rainfall Spacecraft Re-enters Over Tropics". NASA. 16 June 2015. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
- ^ a b "ETS 7". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
- ^ "IRIDIUM 47". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
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- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-82 Day 6 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-82 Day 7 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-82 Day 8 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
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