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1900 United States census

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

12th US national census

Twelfth census of the United States
←1890
June 1, 1900
1910 →
Seal of the Department of the Interior
Population schedule from the 1900 census
General information
CountryUnited States
AuthorityCensus Office
Results
Total population76,212,168 ([画像:Increase] 21.01%)
MostpopulousstateNew York
7,268,894
LeastpopulousstateNevada
42,335

The 1900 United States census, conducted by the Census Office on June 1, 1900,[1] determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21.01% from the 62,979,766 persons enumerated during the 1890 census. It was the last census to be conducted before the founding of the permanent United States Census Bureau.

The census saw the nation's largest city, New York City, more than double in size due to the consolidation with Brooklyn, becoming in the process the first U.S. city to record a population growth of over three million—Brooklyn was previously the 4th largest city in the United States on its own.

Oversight of the statistics was by Frederick Howard Wines and Walter F. Willcox.[2]

Census questions

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The 1900 census collected the following information:[3]

  • address
  • name
  • relationship to head of family
  • sex
  • race (listed as "Color or race" on the census)
  • age, month and year born
  • marital status and, if married, number of years married
  • for women, number of children born and number now living
  • place of birth of person, and their parents
  • if foreign born, year of immigration and whether naturalized
  • occupation
  • months not employed
  • school
  • ability to speak English
  • whether on a farm
  • home owned or rented, and, if owned, whether mortgaged

Full documentation for the 1900 census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series.

Statistician Frederick Ludwig Hoffman criticized the conduct of the census.[4] [5]

Data availability

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The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s, after which the original sheets were destroyed.[6] The microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Archives and Records Administration. Several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, and digital indices.

Microdata from the 1900 census are freely available through IPUMS. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

State rankings

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A map showing the population change of each US State by percentage.
Rank State Population as of
1900 census[7] 		Population as of
1890 census		 Change Percent
change
1 New York 7,268,894 6,003,174 1,265,720 [画像:Increase] 21.1% [画像:Increase]
2 Pennsylvania 6,302,115 5,258,113 1,044,002 [画像:Increase] 19.9% [画像:Increase]
3 Illinois 4,821,550 3,826,352 995,198 [画像:Increase] 26.0% [画像:Increase]
4 Ohio 4,157,545 3,672,329 485,216 [画像:Increase] 13.2% [画像:Increase]
5 Missouri 3,106,665 2,679,185 427,480 [画像:Increase] 16.0% [画像:Increase]
6 Texas 3,048,710 2,235,527 813,183 [画像:Increase] 36.4% [画像:Increase]
7 Massachusetts 2,805,346 2,238,947 566,399 [画像:Increase] 25.3% [画像:Increase]
8 Indiana 2,516,462 2,192,404 324,058 [画像:Increase] 14.8% [画像:Increase]
9 Michigan 2,420,982 2,093,890 327,092 [画像:Increase] 15.6% [画像:Increase]
10 Iowa 2,231,853 1,912,297 319,556 [画像:Increase] 16.7% [画像:Increase]
11 Georgia 2,216,331 1,837,353 378,978 [画像:Increase] 20.6% [画像:Increase]
12 Kentucky 2,147,174 1,858,635 288,539 [画像:Increase] 15.5% [画像:Increase]
13 Wisconsin 2,069,042 1,693,330 375,712 [画像:Increase] 22.2% [画像:Increase]
14 Tennessee 2,020,616 1,767,518 253,098 [画像:Increase] 14.3% [画像:Increase]
15 North Carolina 1,893,810 1,617,949 275,861 [画像:Increase] 17.0% [画像:Increase]
16 New Jersey 1,883,669 1,444,933 438,736 [画像:Increase] 30.4% [画像:Increase]
17 Virginia 1,854,184 1,655,980 198,204 [画像:Increase] 12.0% [画像:Increase]
18 Alabama 1,828,697 1,513,401 315,296 [画像:Increase] 20.8% [画像:Increase]
19 Minnesota 1,751,394 1,310,283 441,111 [画像:Increase] 33.7% [画像:Increase]
20 Mississippi 1,551,270 1,289,600 261,670 [画像:Increase] 20.3% [画像:Increase]
21 California 1,485,053 1,213,398 271,655 [画像:Increase] 22.4% [画像:Increase]
22 Kansas 1,470,495 1,428,108 42,387 [画像:Increase] 3.0% [画像:Increase]
23 Louisiana 1,381,625 1,118,588 263,037 [画像:Increase] 23.5% [画像:Increase]
24 South Carolina 1,340,316 1,151,149 189,167 [画像:Increase] 16.4% [画像:Increase]
25 Arkansas 1,311,564 1,128,211 183,353 [画像:Increase] 16.3% [画像:Increase]
26 Maryland 1,188,044 1,042,390 145,654 [画像:Increase] 14.0% [画像:Increase]
27 Nebraska 1,066,300 1,062,656 3,644 [画像:Increase] 0.3% [画像:Increase]
28 West Virginia 958,800 762,794 196,006 [画像:Increase] 25.7% [画像:Increase]
29 Connecticut 908,420 746,258 162,162 [画像:Increase] 21.7% [画像:Increase]
– Oklahoma [8] 790,391 258,657 531,734 [画像:Increase] 205.6% [画像:Increase]
30 Maine 694,466 661,086 33,380 [画像:Increase] 5.0% [画像:Increase]
31 Colorado 539,700 413,249 126,451 [画像:Increase] 30.6% [画像:Increase]
32 Florida 528,542 391,422 137,120 [画像:Increase] 35.0% [画像:Increase]
33 Washington 518,103 357,232 160,871 [画像:Increase] 45.0% [画像:Increase]
34 Rhode Island 428,556 345,506 83,050 [画像:Increase] 24.0% [画像:Increase]
35 Oregon 413,536 317,704 95,832 [画像:Increase] 30.2% [画像:Increase]
36 New Hampshire 411,588 376,530 35,058 [画像:Increase] 9.3% [画像:Increase]
37 South Dakota 401,570 348,600 52,970 [画像:Increase] 15.2% [画像:Increase]
38 Vermont 343,641 332,422 11,219 [画像:Increase] 3.4% [画像:Increase]
39 North Dakota 319,146 190,983 128,163 [画像:Increase] 67.1% [画像:Increase]
– District of Columbia 278,718 230,392 48,326 [画像:Increase] 21.0% [画像:Increase]
40 Utah 276,749 210,779 65,970 [画像:Increase] 31.3% [画像:Increase]
41 Montana 243,329 142,924 100,405 [画像:Increase] 70.3% [画像:Increase]
– New Mexico 195,310 160,282 35,028 [画像:Increase] 21.9% [画像:Increase]
42 Delaware 184,735 168,493 16,242 [画像:Increase] 9.6% [画像:Increase]
43 Idaho 161,772 88,548 73,224 [画像:Increase] 82.7% [画像:Increase]
– Hawaii 154,001 89,990 64,011 [画像:Increase] 71.1% [画像:Increase]
– Arizona 122,931 88,243 34,688 [画像:Increase] 39.3% [画像:Increase]
44 Wyoming 92,531 62,555 29,976 [画像:Increase] 47.9% [画像:Increase]
– Alaska 63,592 32,052 31,540 [画像:Increase] 98.4% [画像:Increase]
45 Nevada 42,335 47,355 -5,020 [画像:Decrease] -10.6% [画像:Decrease]
United States 76,212,168 62,979,766 13,232,402 [画像:Increase] 21.0% [画像:Increase]

City rankings

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RankCityStatePopulation[9] Region (2016) [10]
01New York New York 3,437,202Northeast
02Chicago Illinois 1,698,575Midwest
03Philadelphia Pennsylvania 1,293,697Northeast
04St. Louis Missouri 575,238Midwest
05Boston Massachusetts 560,892Northeast
06Baltimore Maryland 508,957South
07Cleveland Ohio 391,768Midwest
08Buffalo New York 352,387Northeast
09San Francisco California 342,782West
10Cincinnati Ohio 325,902Midwest
11Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 321,616Northeast
12New Orleans Louisiana 287,104South
13Detroit Michigan 285,704Midwest
14Milwaukee Wisconsin 285,315Midwest
15Washington District of Columbia 278,718South
16Newark New Jersey 246,070Northeast
17Jersey City New Jersey 206,433Northeast
18Louisville Kentucky 204,731South
19Minneapolis Minnesota 202,718Midwest
20Providence Rhode Island 175,597Northeast
21Indianapolis Indiana 169,164Midwest
22Kansas City Missouri 163,752Midwest
23Saint Paul Minnesota 163,065Midwest
24Rochester New York 162,608Northeast
25Denver Colorado 133,859West
26Toledo Ohio 131,822Midwest
27Allegheny Pennsylvania 129,896Northeast
28Columbus Ohio 125,560Midwest
29Worcester Massachusetts 118,421Northeast
30Syracuse New York 108,374Northeast
31New Haven Connecticut 108,027Northeast
32Paterson New Jersey 105,171Northeast
33Fall River Massachusetts 104,863Northeast
34St. Joseph Missouri 102,979Midwest
35Omaha Nebraska 102,555Midwest
36Los Angeles California 102,479West
37Memphis Tennessee 102,320South
38Scranton Pennsylvania 102,026Northeast
39Lowell Massachusetts 94,969Northeast
40Albany New York 94,151Northeast
41Cambridge Massachusetts 91,886Northeast
42Portland Oregon 90,426West
43Atlanta Georgia 89,872South
44Grand Rapids Michigan 87,565Midwest
45Dayton Ohio 85,333Midwest
46Richmond Virginia 85,050South
47Nashville Tennessee 80,865South
48Seattle Washington 80,671West
49Hartford Connecticut 79,850Northeast
50Reading Pennsylvania 78,961Northeast
51Wilmington Delaware 76,508South
52Camden New Jersey 75,935Northeast
53Trenton New Jersey 73,307Northeast
54Bridgeport Connecticut 70,996Northeast
55Lynn Massachusetts 68,513Northeast
56Oakland California 66,960West
57Lawrence Massachusetts 62,559Northeast
58New Bedford Massachusetts 62,442Northeast
59Des Moines Iowa 62,139Midwest
60Springfield Massachusetts 62,059Northeast
61Somerville Massachusetts 61,643Northeast
62Troy New York 60,651Northeast
63Hoboken New Jersey 59,364Northeast
64Evansville Indiana 59,007Midwest
65Manchester New Hampshire 56,987Northeast
66Utica New York 56,383Northeast
67Peoria Illinois 56,100Midwest
68Charleston South Carolina 55,807South
69Savannah Georgia 54,244South
70Salt Lake City Utah 53,531West
71San Antonio Texas 53,321South
72Duluth Minnesota 52,969Midwest
73Erie Pennsylvania 52,733Northeast
74Elizabeth New Jersey 52,130Northeast
75Wilkes-Barre Pennsylvania 51,721Northeast
76Kansas City Kansas 51,418Midwest
77Harrisburg Pennsylvania 50,167Northeast
78Portland Maine 50,145Northeast
79Yonkers New York 47,931Northeast
80Norfolk Virginia 46,624South
81Waterbury Connecticut 45,859Northeast
82Holyoke Massachusetts 45,712Northeast
83Fort Wayne Indiana 45,115Midwest
84Youngstown Ohio 44,885Midwest
85Houston Texas 44,633South
86Covington Kentucky 42,938South
87Akron Ohio 42,728Midwest
88Dallas Texas 42,638South
89Saginaw Michigan 42,345Midwest
90Lancaster Pennsylvania 41,459Northeast
91Lincoln Nebraska 40,169Midwest
92Brockton Massachusetts 40,063Northeast
93Binghamton New York 39,647Northeast
94Augusta Georgia 39,441South
95Pawtucket Rhode Island 39,231Northeast
96Altoona Pennsylvania 38,973Northeast
97Wheeling West Virginia 38,878South
98Mobile Alabama 38,469South
99Birmingham Alabama 38,415South
100Little Rock Arkansas 38,307South

Locations of 50 most populous cities

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1900 United States census is located in the United States
Location of 50 largest cities by population in the United States in 1900, on a map of the modern United States.
Numbered Cities
1. Worcester, Massachusetts
2. Paterson, New Jersey
3. Albany, New York
4. Cambridge, Massachusetts
5. Hartford, Connecticut

References

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  1. ↑ "1900 Overview", History, US Census Bureau
  2. ↑ Mitchell, Wesley C. (1900). "Preparations for the Twelfth Census" . Journal of Political Economy. 8 (3): 378–384. doi:10.1086/250680. ISSN 0022-3808.
  3. ↑ "Library Bibliography Bulletin 88, New York State Census Records, 1790–1925". New York State Library. October 1981. p. 45 (p. 51 of PDF). Archived from the original on January 30, 2009. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
  4. ↑ Hoffman, Frederick L. (1902). "The Vital Statistics of the Census of 1900 [Part 1]" . Publications of the American Statistical Association. 8 (60): 127–168. doi:10.2307/2276440. ISSN 1522-5437.
  5. ↑ Hoffman, Frederick L. (1902). "The Vital Statistics of the Census of 1900 [Part 2]" . Publications of the American Statistical Association. 8 (60): 168–202. doi:10.2307/2276441. ISSN 1522-5437.
  6. ↑ Algonquin Area Public Library District. "Census Secrets" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
  7. ↑ States and territories census.gov
  8. ↑ Including Indian Territory, which was yet to be combined with Oklahoma Territory to form the state of Oklahoma.
  9. ↑ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
  10. ↑ "Regions and Divisions". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
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