Template:Math

{{{1}}}

Template documentationview edit history purge

For basic mathematical functions, see Module:Math.

Warning This template is used on approximately 12,000 pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them.

The math template formats mathematical formulas generated using HTML or wiki markup. (It does not accept the AMS-LaTeX markup that <math> does.) The template uses the texhtml class by default for inline text style formulas, which aims to match the size of the serif font with the surrounding sans-serif font (see below). The template also prevents line-wrapping.

Usage

Use this template for inline, non-complex formulas as an alternative to using the <math>...</math> tag pair (see: Help:Math).

Examples

Note that HTML entities may need to be double-escaped (i.e. ∞ may need to be entered as &infin; instead of just ∞).

{{math|''f''(''x'') {{=}} ''b''<sup>''x''</sup> {{=}} ''y''}}

produces: f(x) = b^x = y

{{math|sin &amp;pi; {{=}} 0}}

produces: sin π = 0.

{{math|{{intmath|int|0|+&amp;infin;}} ''e''<sup>−''x''</sup> d''x'' {{=}} 1}}

produces: ∫^+∞
₀ e^−x dx = 1

'''{{math|{{sfrac|1|2}} − {{sfrac|1|3}} {{=}} {{sfrac|1|6}}}}'''

produces: ⁠1/2⁠ − ⁠1/3⁠ = ⁠1/6⁠. Note the triple-apostrophes have set the whole formula as bold.

<math>...</math> should be used for expressions with the radical symbol (√); see MOS:RADICAL.

Use of equals-sign and absolute value bars

The equals sign, =, and bar, |, are used as syntax by the wiki template system. Therefore, if a single equals-sign ("=") is used, it will fail to render, instead showing "{{{1}}}". For example, the following template-coding would be invalid:

{{math|1 + 2 = 3}}

produces: {{{1}}}, which is invalid code

To resolve this, either: (a) Start the formula with "1=" as in:

{{math|1=1 + 2 = 3}}

produces: 1 + 2 = 3, or else, (b) enclose the equals-sign in double-braces "{{=}}" as in:

{{math|1 + 2 {{=}} 3}}

produces: 1 + 2 = 3.

A similar difficulty concerns the vertical bars ("|") used to indicate absolute value, which without care would get interpreted as part of the template syntax. The solution is different than for the equals sign: such bars should be entered as "{{!}}":

{{math|{{!}}''f''(''x'') − ''a''{{!}} < ε}}

produces: |f(x) − a| < ε.

This example can also be produced by the following:

{{math|{{mabs|''f''(''x'') − ''a''}} < ε}}

produces: |f(x) − a| < ε

Parameters

The following parameters are optional:

big=1 – This will render the formula in a bigger fontsize, increased to 165%.
size=font-size – Use this to specify your own fontsize.

{{math|big=1|1 + 2 {{=}} 3}}

produces: 1 + 2 = 3

{{math|size=250%|1 + 2 {{=}} 3}}

produces: 1 + 2 = 3

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Math in articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for Math

This template formats markup generated mathematical formulas with HTML and CSS. The template tries to match the size of the serif font with the surrounding sans-serif font. The template also prevents line-wrapping. Use this template for non-complex formulas as an alternative to using the <math> format.

Template parameters[Edit template data ]
Parameter		Description	Type	Status
formula	`1`	wrap an inline formula in wikitext.	String	required
bigger font size	`big`	if set to ‘1’, this will render the formula in a bigger font size, increased to 165%	String	optional
custom font size	`size`	use this to specify your own font size	String	optional

Notes

The font and fontsize used for texhtml, as defined in MediaWiki:Common.css, was determined by comparing common default fonts found on Windows, macOS and Linux and is scaled to 118% to match their x-height. However, not everyone uses the default fonts. If you find that the rendered math is not of the same size as the surrounding text, you can adjust this in your personal CSS. For instance, the DejaVu Sans and DejaVu Serif fonts do not need scaling, in which case .mw-parser-output span.texhtml { font-size: 100%; } will restore proper display.

The texhtml classname is a remnant from the TeX renderer, which had a user preference to render TeX-written formulae in "HTML when simple". That option has been removed some time ago, but the classname continues to be used for formulae written in HTML.

Tracking category

Articles with unknown parameters are listed in Category:Pages using Math with unknown parameters (5).
- These same errors are notes in a Preview warning.

Conversions
convert many units (see: list) cvt abbreviated {{convert }} convinfobox {{convert }} for infoboxes bbl to t barrels of oil to tonnes long ton long hundredweights, quarters and pounds to kilograms; long tons and hundredweights to pounds and metric tons miles-chains miles and chains to kilometres linking "chains"		decdeg degrees, minutes, and seconds to decimal degrees deg2dms decimal degrees to degrees, minutes, and seconds deg2hms decimal degrees to hour angle (in hours, minutes, and seconds) hms2deg hour angle (in hours, minutes, and seconds) to decimal degrees inflation calculate inflation of Consumer Price Index-related prices pop density population density in an area track gauge railway track gauges

Notation and formatting

bigmath bigger font to match TeX \displaystyle (standalone formulas only) math short text-based formulas

mathcal [mathematical] calligraphic font; alternative to LaTeX \mathcal{...} tombstone symbol indicating the end of a proof

mvar individual italicized maths variables in normal text val measurement values, uncertainties and units

a line set above/below a sequence of characters vec various overarrows, underarrows, etc.

abs absolute values (paired vertical lines)

bra

ket

bra–ket notation

ldelim

rdelim

multiline delimiters (2–5 lines inclusive)

ceil, floor calculations :mw:Help:#expr; formatting indicators ⌈3.14⌉, ⌊3.14⌋ (no calculation performed) pars parentheses that can be resized (∑)

fraction slant fractions 3⁄5 (not for maths/science articles; use standing or upright fractions {{sfrac}} instead) sfrac "standing" or upright fractions ⁠3/5⁠ (use in maths/science articles instead of{{fraction}})

intmath integral symbols sum-int an integral superimposed over a capital sigma

sub

sup

su

subscripts and superscripts

overset

underset

arbitrary characters/diacritics set above/below one another

tmath Wrap TeX in <math> tags

Boxes