16-bit timer of ATMega: How to calculate timer count?

Question

I try to use the 16-bit timer of ATMega on each midi clock tick. A beat has 24 midi clock ticks. So e.g. 60 beats per minute = 1 beat per second = 24 ticks per second.

How can I set the timer for x times a second (depending on the bpm value)?

I'm initializing the timer on my arduino with:

void setup()
{
cli(); // disable global interrupts
TCCR1A = 0; // set entire TCCR1A register to 0
TCCR1B = 0; // same for TCCR1B
// set compare match register to desired timer count:
OCR1A = 6510;
// turn on CTC mode:
TCCR1B |= (1 << WGM12);
// Set CS10 and CS12 bits for 1024 prescaler:
TCCR1B |= (1 << CS10);
TCCR1B |= (1 << CS12);
// enable timer compare interrupt:
TIMSK1 |= (1 << OCIE1A);
// enable global interrupts:
sei();
}

I don't get the calculation of OCR1A. It should be depending on a bpm value.

Answer 1

The frequency of your timer interrupt will be equal to the following:

$$ \frac{\mbox{microcontroller clock frequency} }{(\mbox{prescaler}) \times (\mbox{compare match register value} + 1)} $$

So, since you mentioned that you're using an Arduino which comes with a 16 MHz crystal, to achieve an interrupt frequency of 24 Hz the value of the compare match register (OCR1A) should be 650, given a prescaler of 1024.

If you want to change the BPM, you'll have to set OCR1A on the fly.

Answer 2

https://oscarliang.com/arduino-timer-and-interrupt-tutorial/ check this site where the timer interrupt function is triggered every 0.5sec the period is equal to 1/62500 ( 16mhz with 256 prescale) it would take one period to go from 0000 0000 to 0000 0001 to determine the value of ocr1a (occr1a-0+1)*period=0.5 ( the timer counts from 0 till occr1a) occr1a=(0.5/period)+1