Inconel

Ich kann die Relevanzkriterien für rechtlich geschützte Markennamen korrosionsbeständiger Nickelbasislegierungen leider grad nicht finden, ich behaupte aber trotzdem, dass dieser Artikel nicht relevant ist. Jbo166 Disk. 01:47, 10. Feb. 2009 (CET)

Dieser Text ist eine Übersetzung und Straffung von Teilen des Artikels aus englichen Wikipedia.
Der vorliegende Artikel wurde gemäß dieser Löschdiskussion ergänzt.
Für die Vollständige Versionsgeschichte zum Zeitpunkt der Übersetzung siehe unten.
-- Hardcoreraveman 21:52, 11. Feb. 2009 (CET)

Inconel ist ein rechtlich geschützter Markenname der Firma Special Metals Corporation für eine Reihe von korrosionsbeständigen Nickelbasislegierungen. Sie werden vor allem für Hochtemperatur-Anwendungen benutzt. Im englischen Sprachraum werden sie oft mit Inco abgekürzt. Neben Inconel sind auch die Handelsnamen Chronin, Altemp, Haynes, Nickelvac und Nicrofer üblich.^{[1] [2]}

Die einzelnen Produkte besitzen unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen. Allen gemein ist Nickel als Hauptkomponente und Chrom als wichtigste Nebenkomponente. Zusätzlich können die folgenden Elemente enthalten sein: Eisen, Molybdän, Niob, Kobalt, Mangan, Kupfer, Aluminium, Titan, Silizium, Kohlenstoff, Schwefel, Phosphor oder Bor.^{[3] [4] [5]}

Die Legierungen sind gegen Oxidation and Korrosion beständig, so dass sie für die Anwendung in extremen Umgebungen geeignet sind. Beim Erhitzen bildet sich eine dicke, stabile Oxidschicht, die die Oberfläche schützt. Die Festigkeit bleibt über einen breiten Temperaturbereich erhalten. Dies macht die Legierungen insbesondere für Hochtemperaturanwendungen interessant, bei denen Aluminium und Stahl instabil sind.

Inconel-Legierungen gelten als schwer verarbeitbar für klassische Umformtechniken, da eine schnelle Kaltverformung einsetzt. Bei weiteren Umformschritten wird daher entweder die Werkzeugmaschine oder das Werkstück deformiert. Aus diesem Grund wird zumeist eine leistungsstarke, aber langsame Werkzeugmaschine verwendet, so dass die Anzahl der benötigten Verfahrensschritte möglichst klein gehalten wird. Alternativ können auch nur die letzten Verfahrensschritte kalt durchgeführt werden. Löcher mit internem Gewinde werden durch Anschweißen oder Anlöten von Stahleinlagen mit Gewinde realisiert. Das Schneiden wird häufig mit einer Wasserstrahlschneidemaschine durchgeführt, ebenso möglich ist die Verwendung von Keramik als Schneidematerial. Das Schweißen gestaltet sich aufgrund von Rissbildung und Separation der Legierungsbestandteile in der Nähe der Schweißnaht ebenfalls schwierig. Weiterentwicklungen in der Legierungsformulierung sollen dieses Problem beheben oder mildern. Der häufigste Weg, damit umzugehen, ist jedoch das Wolfram-Inertgasschweißen.

Inconel-Legierungen werden häufig in Bereichen mit extrem hoher Temperaturbelastung eingesetzt. Verdichter- und Turbinenschaufeln oder Brennkammern in Gasturbinen sind typische Einsatzbereiche. Ebenfalls möglich ist der Einsatz in Turboladern, chemischen Reaktoren und Dampfkesseln, sowie Schalldämpfern bei Feuerwaffen. Ein weiteres Einsatzgebiet findet sich bei der Verarbeitung von H₂S und/oder CO₂ kontaminiertem Gas. Die Außenhaut des Raketenflugzeugs X-15 wurde ebenfalls mit einer der Legierungen konstruiert.^{[6] [7] [8] [9]}

1. ↑ High-Performance Alloys, Special Metals Corporation
2. ↑ Special Alloys, Source 1 Alloys
3. ↑ INCONEL alloy 600, Special Metals Corporation
4. ↑ INCONEL alloy 625, Special Metals Corporation
5. ↑ INCONEL alloy 718, Special Metals Corporation
6. ↑ Power Generation, Special Metals Corporation.
7. ↑ Chemical Processing, Special Metals Corporation.
8. ↑ About Good Fabrications ("Performance inconel exhaust manufacturers for racecars").
9. ↑ Robert S. Houston, Richard P. Hallion, and Ronald G. Boston, EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION, "Transiting from Air to Space: The North American X-15", The Hypersonic Revolution: Case Studies in the History of Hypersonic Technology, Air Force History and Museums Program, 1998. NASA.gov.

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