Expect script that tests if a passwordless connection is setup

Question

I have written a simple expect script to tell me if a passwordless connection is set up.

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
if {[llength $argv] < 2} {
 puts "usage: test-nopass user server"
 exit 1
}
set user [lindex $argv 0]
set server [lindex $argv 1]
set pwd_prompt "*assword:"
set prompt "*$ "
set rc 0
log_user 0
spawn ssh $user@$server
expect {
 "$pwd_prompt" { exit 1 }
 eof { exit 2 }
 timeout { exit 3 }
 "$prompt" {
 send "hostname\r"
 expect {
 "*$server*" { exit 0 }
 eof { exit 4 }
 timeout { exit 5 }
 }
 }
}
log_user 1
exit $rc
```

Answer 1

A couple of notes:

• expect is an extension of Tcl, so you can use any Tcl command: http://www.tcl-lang.org/man/tcl8.6/TclCmd/contents.htm

  • specifically, you could write

    lassign $argv user server
    

    which is arguably a bit less readable, but is only one command.

• You can speed up the timeouts: the default is 10 seconds, and you probably don't want to wait for 20 seconds to get the final exit status:

  set timeout 1 ;# in seconds
  

• you never reset the rc variable, and the default exit status is zero already, so you can remove set rc 0 and exit $rc

• expect is not bash: you don't need to quote all the variables.

• you don't need to reset log_user just before exiting the script.

• expect code written in this style can get pretty deeply nested: The last pattern in an expect command does not need an action block

  expect {
   $pwd_prompt { exit 1 }
   eof { exit 2 }
   timeout { exit 3 }
   $prompt 
  }
  send "hostname\r"
  expect {
   *$server* { exit 0 }
   eof { exit 4 }
   timeout { exit 5 }
  }
  

  If $prompt is seen, then that expect command ends, and the script continues with send