LeetCode 839: Similar String Groups

Question

I'm posting my code for a LeetCode problem. If you'd like to review, please do so. Thank you for your time!

Problem

• Two strings X and Y are similar if we can swap two letters (in different positions) of X, so that it equals Y. Also two strings X and Y are similar if they are equal.

• For example, "tars" and "rats" are similar (swapping at positions 0 and 2), and "rats" and "arts" are similar, but "star" is not similar to "tars", "rats", or "arts".

• Together, these form two connected groups by similarity: {"tars", "rats", "arts"} and {"star"}. Notice that "tars" and "arts" are in the same group even though they are not similar. Formally, each group is such that a word is in the group if and only if it is similar to at least one other word in the group.

• We are given a list A of strings. Every string in A is an anagram of every other string in A. How many groups are there?

Example 1:

• Input: A = ["tars","rats","arts","star"]
• Output: 2

Constraints:

• \1ドル <= A.length <= 2000\$
• \1ドル <= A[i].length <= 1000\$
• \$A.length * A[i].length <= 20000\$
• All words in A consist of lowercase letters only.
• All words in A have the same length and are anagrams of each other.
• The judging time limit has been increased for this question.

Inputs

["tars","rats","arts","star"]
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Outputs

2
7

Code

#include <cstdint>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
class DisjointSet {
 std::vector<std::uint_fast16_t> root;
 std::uint_fast16_t size;
public:
 DisjointSet(const std::uint_fast16_t n) {
 makeSetDs(n);
 }
 void makeSetDs(const std::uint_fast16_t n) {
 root.resize(n);
 std::iota(std::begin(root), std::end(root), 0);
 size = n;
 }
 std::uint_fast16_t findDs(const std::uint_fast16_t x) {
 if (x != root[x]) {
 root[x] = findDs(root[x]);
 }
 return root[x];
 }
 void unionDs(const std::uint_fast16_t x, const std::uint_fast16_t y) {
 std::uint_fast16_t x_root = findDs(x);
 std::uint_fast16_t y_root = findDs(y);
 if (x_root != y_root) {
 root[x_root] = y_root;
 size--;
 }
 }
 std::uint_fast16_t sizeDs() {
 return size;
 }
};
struct Solution {
 int numSimilarGroups(const std::vector<std::string>& A) {
 const std::uint_fast16_t size = std::size(A);
 DisjointSet union_find(size);
 for (std::uint_fast16_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
 for (std::uint_fast16_t j = i + 1; j < size; ++j) {
 if (areSimilar(A[i], A[j])) {
 union_find.unionDs(i, j);
 }
 }
 }
 return union_find.sizeDs();
 }
private:
 static bool areSimilar(const std::string& a, const std::string& b) {
 std::uint_fast16_t n = 0;
 for (std::uint_fast16_t i = 0; i < std::size(a); ++i) {
 if (a[i] != b[i] && ++n > 2) {
 return false;
 }
 }
 return true;
 }
};

References

• Problem

• Discuss

• Solution

Answer 1

Consider creating a type alias for the sizes

You are writing std::uint_fast16_t everywhere, which is a bit long, and it is chosen only because the LeetCode problem limits the size of the input. If you want to make your algorithm work for larger inputs, you'd have to replace all instances of std::uint_fast16_t. You can create an alias in this case:

using size_type = std::uint_fast16_t;

And then using that in all other places:

class DisjointSet {
 std::vector<size_type> root;
 size_type size;
 ...

This way, if you ever want to change the type of size variables, you only have to change it in one place.

Don't repeat the class name in member functions and variables

You appended Ds to the names of all member functions in DisjointSet. This is not necessary at all. I recommed you remove it. You have to find some solution for sizeDs() though, because it would clash with the variable size. A common practice is to mark private member variables with the prefix m_ or the suffix _, which then allows a public "getter" function with the same name but without the prefix/suffix to be added.