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As far as socked enums are platform depending, pickling them by value makes not much sense. Here is a patch which makes AddressFamily and SocketType members be pickled by name.

To make sure I understand correctly:
On platform ABC the value 1 could mean SOCK_STREAM but on platform XYZ SOCK_STREAM is value 32?
Assuming the need to pickle socket types is not new, then people have been doing it, possibly with painful workarounds, on the integer values until now, and suddenly changing the pickle of a socket type from an integer into a string is going to break code.
Or am I missing something?

I don't see how it can break code. If people use workaround that were not broken by changing SOCK_STREAM from int to enum, it shouldn't break by changing pickle representation of SOCK_STREAM.

An IntEnum is just a fancy int. You can add them, subtract them, multiply them, all that kind of thing.
If you attempt to unpickle a 3.4 _PickleByNameIntEnum on a 3.3 system, what's going to happen?

> If you attempt to unpickle a 3.4 _PickleByNameIntEnum on a 3.3 system,
> what's going to happen?
The same as if you attempt to unpickle a 3.4 IntEnum on a 3.3 system -- 
AttributeError.

For the socket module constants there is even better way, which supports forward compatibility, i.e. SOCK_STREAM pickled in 3.5 could be unpickled on 3.3 (replacing ints with enums breaks forward compatibility). Here is a patch.

Serhiy, sorry for taking so long to get back to this -- we spent so much time making sure pickling worked I had no idea that unpickling didn't work in prior versions.

Enum members that are replacing constants now pickle by name (see issue23673).

Thanks Ethan.