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The aliases for the bytes-bytes and str-str codecs are not present in 3.3, so the aliases should be removed from the corresponding standard encoding tables in the documentation.
http://docs.python.org/3/library/codecs#standard-encodings 

This is a documentation patch against 3.3 with the aliases removed.

New changeset ead47bc3a763 by Ezio Melotti in branch '3.3':
#17841: remove missing codecs aliases from the documentation. Patch by Thomas Fenzl.
http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/ead47bc3a763
New changeset eafff38a56cc by Ezio Melotti in branch 'default':
#17841: merge with 3.3.
http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/eafff38a56cc 

Fixed, thanks for the patch!
@Nick
While this works as a short-term solution, I think it would be good to
 1) reintroduce the aliases in 3.4 (so that codecs.encode(b'foo', 'base64') works without spelling out the full codec name);
 2) either separate these codecs from the others, or tweak the error message of str.encode/bytes.decode to point to codecs.encode/decode.
Should I create a new issue and/or ask python-dev about this?

For anyone else reading the issue and wondering about Ezio's question above - this issue was actually spun out from issue 7475, which covers the long saga of getting these codecs fully restored in the new world order of Python 3 :)