Proverbs 23: True Riches

True Riches
(1 Timothy 6:17–19; James 5:1–6)

Saying 7

1 When you sit down to dine with a ruler,

consider carefully what is set before you,a

2 and put a knife to your throat

if you possess a great appetite.

3 Do not crave his delicacies,

for that food is deceptive.

Saying 8

4 Do not wear yourself out to get rich;

be wise enough to restrain yourself.

5 When you glance at wealth, it disappears,

for it makes wings for itself

and flies like an eagle to the sky.

Saying 9

6 Do not eat the bread of a stingy man,b

and do not crave his delicacies;

7 for he is keeping track,

inwardly counting the cost.c

“Eat and drink,” he says to you,

but his heart is not with you.

8 You will vomit up what little you have eaten

and waste your pleasant words.

Saying 10

9 Do not speak to a fool,

for he will despise the wisdom of your words.

Saying 11

10 Do not move an ancient boundary stone

or encroach on the fields of the fatherless,

11 for their Redeemer is strong;

He will take up their case against you.

Saying 12

12 Apply your heart to instruction

and your ears to words of knowledge.

Saying 13

13 Do not withhold discipline from a child;

although you strike him with a rod, he will not die.

14 Strike him with a rod,

and you will deliver his soul from Sheol.

Saying 14

15 My son, if your heart is wise,

my own heart will indeed rejoice.

16 My inmost beingd will rejoice

when your lips speak what is right.

Saying 15

17 Do not let your heart envy sinners,

but always continue in the fear of the LORD.

18 For surely there is a future,

and your hope will not be cut off.

Saying 16

19 Listen, my son, and be wise,

and guide your heart on the right course.

20 Do not join those who drink too much wine

or gorge themselves on meat.

21 For the drunkard and the glutton will come to poverty,

and drowsiness will clothe them in rags.

Saying 17

22 Listen to your father who gave you life,

and do not despise your mother when she is old.

23 Invest in truth and never sell it—

in wisdom and instruction and understanding.

24 The father of a righteous man will greatly rejoice,

and he who fathers a wise son will delight in him.

25 May your father and mother be glad,

and may she who gave you birth rejoice!

Saying 18

26 My son, give me your heart,

and let your eyes delight in my ways.

27 For a prostitute is a deep pit,

and an adulteresse is a narrow well.

28 Like a robber she lies in wait

and multiplies the faithless among men.

Saying 19

29 Who has woe? Who has sorrow?

Who has contentions? Who has complaints?

Who has needless wounds? Who has bloodshot eyes?

30 Those who linger over wine,

who go to taste mixed drinks.

31 Do not gaze at wine while it is red,

when it sparkles in the cup

and goes down smoothly.

32 In the end it bites like a snake

and stings like a viper.

33 Your eyes will see strange things,

and your mind will utter perversities.

34 You will be like one sleeping on the high seas

or lying on the top of a mast:

35 “They struck me, but I feel no pain!

They beat me, but I did not know it!

When can I wake up

to search for another drink?”

Proverbs 23 Summary

Matthew 6:19-21
Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

Galatians 5:22-23
But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. Against such things there is no law.

James 1:5
Now if any of you lacks wisdom, he should ask God, who gives generously to all without finding fault, and it will be given to him. The Dangers of Excess and Gluttony
Proverbs 23:1-3 warns against indulging in excess, particularly when dining with rulers. It reminds us to exercise self-control and discernment, recognizing the fleeting nature of worldly pleasures.

The Futility of Wealth
Verses 4-5 caution against toiling solely for wealth, as riches can quickly disappear. This teaches us to prioritize eternal values over temporary gains.

The Importance of Wisdom and Instruction
Verses 12-14 emphasize the value of applying our hearts to instruction and wisdom. Discipline, though sometimes painful, is necessary for growth and protection from folly.

The Consequences of Envy and Drunkenness
Verses 17-21 advise against envying sinners and warn of the dangers of excessive drinking. These verses highlight the importance of living a life set apart for God.

The Joy of a Wise Heart
Verses 15-16 and 24-25 celebrate the joy and satisfaction that come from having a wise and righteous heart, bringing delight to both God and our earthly parents. Practice Self-Control
Be mindful of your habits and choices, especially in areas of consumption and indulgence. Seek God's strength to exercise self-discipline.

Prioritize Eternal Values
Evaluate your pursuits and ambitions. Are they aligned with God's eternal purposes, or are they driven by temporary desires?

Seek Wisdom Daily
Make it a habit to study God's Word and apply its teachings to your life. Surround yourself with wise counsel and be open to correction.

Guard Your Heart Against Envy
Focus on the blessings God has given you, and trust in His plan for your life rather than comparing yourself to others.

Celebrate Godly Living
Rejoice in the wisdom and righteousness that come from following God's ways, and encourage others to do the same. 1. The Ruler
Described in Proverbs 23:1-3, this person is someone of authority or influence. The passage advises caution and discernment when dining with a ruler, suggesting that one should not be enticed by the ruler's delicacies, which may be deceptive.

2. The Stingy Man
Mentioned in Proverbs 23:6-8, this person is characterized by a lack of generosity. The text warns against eating the food of a stingy man, as his heart is not with you, and his hospitality is insincere.

3. The Fool
Referenced in Proverbs 23:9, the fool is someone who lacks wisdom and understanding. The verse advises not to speak in the hearing of a fool, as he will despise the wisdom of your words.

4. The Father
In Proverbs 23:22-25, the father is depicted as a figure deserving of respect and obedience. The passage encourages listening to one's father and bringing joy to him through wise living.

5. The Mother
Also mentioned in Proverbs 23:22-25, the mother is similarly a figure of respect. The text emphasizes the importance of honoring one's mother and making her glad through righteous behavior.

6. The Drunkard and the Glutton
Described in Proverbs 23:20-21, these individuals are associated with excessive indulgence. The passage warns against associating with drunkards and gluttons, as their lifestyles lead to poverty and drowsiness.

7. The Prostitute and the Adulteress
In Proverbs 23:27-28, these figures are depicted as dangerous and deceitful. The text likens them to a deep pit and a narrow well, warning that they lie in wait like a robber and increase the unfaithful among men. 1. The Table of a Ruler
This "place" is metaphorical, referring to the setting where one might dine with a person of authority or influence. Proverbs 23:1-3 advises caution and self-control in such situations, warning against being enticed by delicacies, which can symbolize temptation or corruption.

2. The House of a Drunkard
While not a physical location, this "place" represents the lifestyle and consequences of excessive drinking. Proverbs 23:20-21 warns against joining those who indulge in heavy drinking and gluttony, as it leads to poverty and drowsiness.

3. The Field of the Fatherless
This refers to the property or rights of orphans. Proverbs 23:10-11 cautions against moving ancient boundary stones or encroaching on the fields of the fatherless, emphasizing God's protection over the vulnerable.

4. The Heart of a Child
This "place" is symbolic of the inner being or character of a young person. Proverbs 23:13-14 discusses the importance of discipline in guiding a child's heart away from folly and towards wisdom.

5. The Depths of Sheol
This is a metaphorical reference to the grave or the realm of the dead. Proverbs 23:14 uses it to illustrate the severity of consequences that can be avoided through proper discipline and guidance. 1. Dining with a Ruler
Proverbs 23:1-3 advises caution when dining with a ruler, emphasizing the need to be discerning and not to be enticed by the ruler's delicacies. The Hebrew root here for "discerning" (בִּין, bin) suggests understanding or insight.

2. The Futility of Wealth
Proverbs 23:4-5 warns against wearing oneself out to gain wealth, as it can quickly disappear. The imagery of wealth "sprouting wings" and flying away highlights its fleeting nature.

3. The Stingy Host
Proverbs 23:6-8 describes the experience of eating with a stingy person, whose heart is not with you despite their outward hospitality. The Hebrew word for "stingy" (רַע עַיִן, ra ayin) literally means "evil eye," indicating a begrudging or envious nature.

4. The Importance of Wisdom
Proverbs 23:9 advises not to speak in the hearing of a fool, as they will despise the wisdom of your words. The Hebrew term for "fool" (כְּסִיל, kesil) often denotes someone who is morally deficient or lacking in judgment.

5. Respecting Boundaries
Proverbs 23:10-11 warns against moving ancient boundary stones and encroaching on the fields of the fatherless, as their Redeemer is strong and will plead their case. The concept of a "Redeemer" (גֹּאֵל, go'el) is rooted in the idea of a kinsman-redeemer who protects family rights.

6. Discipline and Hope
Proverbs 23:12-14 emphasizes the importance of applying one's heart to instruction and disciplining children, as it offers hope and can save them from death. The Hebrew word for "discipline" (מוּסָר, musar) conveys correction or instruction.

7. The Joy of a Wise Child
Proverbs 23:15-16 expresses the joy and gladness a parent feels when their child speaks and acts wisely. The Hebrew root for "wise" (חָכָם, chakam) implies skillful living and moral insight.

8. Avoiding Envy and Sin
Proverbs 23:17-18 encourages not envying sinners but maintaining a reverent fear of the LORD, promising a future hope. The Hebrew word for "envy" (קָנָא, qana) can also mean zeal or jealousy, depending on context.

9. The Dangers of Drunkenness
Proverbs 23:19-21 warns against excessive drinking and gluttony, which lead to poverty and drowsiness. The Hebrew term for "drunkard" (סָבָא, saba) refers to one who is habitually intoxicated.

10. Heeding Parental Instruction
Proverbs 23:22-25 advises listening to one's father and not despising one's mother when she is old, highlighting the value of parental wisdom and the joy it brings. The Hebrew root for "listen" (שָׁמַע, shama) implies obedience and attentiveness.

11. The Allure and Consequences of Alcohol
Proverbs 23:29-35 vividly describes the woes and consequences of excessive drinking, using metaphorical language to depict its harmful effects. The Hebrew word for "woe" (אוֹי, oy) is an expression of lament or distress.

1. Guard Your Heart Against Envy
Proverbs 23:17 reminds us, "Do not let your heart envy sinners, but always continue in the fear of the LORD." Envy can be a sneaky thief, robbing us of joy and contentment. Instead of comparing ourselves to others, let's focus on cultivating a heart that reveres God. By doing so, we align ourselves with His purpose and find true fulfillment.

2. Pursue Wisdom and Discipline
In Proverbs 23:12, we are encouraged to "apply your heart to instruction and your ears to words of knowledge." Wisdom and discipline are like two sides of the same coin, essential for a life well-lived. By seeking knowledge and applying it, we grow in understanding and make choices that honor God and benefit those around us.

3. Value the Guidance of Parents
"Listen to your father who gave you life, and do not despise your mother when she is old," Proverbs 23:22 advises. Our parents' wisdom is a treasure trove of life lessons. Even when we disagree, respecting their guidance can lead to blessings and insights that we might otherwise miss.

4. Embrace the Joy of a Righteous Life
Proverbs 23:24 tells us, "The father of a righteous man will greatly rejoice, and he who fathers a wise son will delight in him." Living righteously not only pleases God but also brings joy to those who love us. Our choices have a ripple effect, impacting our families and communities in profound ways.

5. Be Mindful of Your Desires
"Do not crave his delicacies, for that food is deceptive," warns Proverbs 23:3. Our desires can sometimes lead us astray, especially when they are rooted in temporary pleasures. By being mindful and discerning, we can avoid the pitfalls of indulgence and focus on what truly satisfies.

6. The Power of Self-Control
Proverbs 23:20-21 cautions, "Do not join those who drink too much wine or gorge themselves on meat, for the drunkard and the glutton will come to poverty." Self-control is a fruit of the Spirit and a key to a balanced life. By exercising restraint, we protect ourselves from the consequences of excess and maintain our focus on God's will.

7. The Importance of a Good Reputation
"A good name is more desirable than great riches," echoes the sentiment of Proverbs 23:23, which urges us to "buy the truth and do not sell it—wisdom, instruction, and insight as well." Our reputation is a reflection of our character. By living truthfully and wisely, we build a legacy that honors God and inspires others.

8. The Dangers of Excessive Drinking
Proverbs 23:29-30 paints a vivid picture of the woes of excessive drinking: "Who has woe? Who has sorrow? ... Those who linger over wine." Alcohol can cloud judgment and lead to regret. By choosing moderation, we safeguard our minds and bodies, allowing us to serve God with clarity and purpose.

9. The Value of Contentment
"Do not wear yourself out to get rich; be wise enough to restrain yourself," advises Proverbs 23:4. Contentment is a rare jewel in a world obsessed with more. By trusting in God's provision and focusing on eternal treasures, we find peace and satisfaction that wealth cannot buy.

10. The Reward of a Godly Life
Proverbs 23:18 assures us, "For surely there is a future, and your hope will not be cut off." Living a godly life is not without its challenges, but the rewards are eternal. Our hope in Christ is secure, and our future is bright. By keeping our eyes on Him, we navigate life's journey with confidence and joy.

1. Dining with Rulers (Proverbs 23:1-3)
This passage advises caution and self-control when dining with a ruler. The Hebrew word for "ruler" (מושל, moshel) implies someone with authority, and the text warns against being enticed by their delicacies, which can be deceptive.

2. The Futility of Wealth (Proverbs 23:4-5)
These verses caution against toiling to acquire wealth, as it is fleeting. The Hebrew word for "riches" (עֹשֶׁר, osher) suggests abundance, yet the text reminds us that wealth can "sprout wings" and disappear.

3. The Deceptive Host (Proverbs 23:6-8)
This section warns against eating the food of a stingy person, as their heart is not with you. The Hebrew term for "stingy" (רַע עַיִן, ra ayin) literally means "evil eye," indicating a begrudging or envious nature.

4. The Value of Wisdom (Proverbs 23:9)
Here, the text advises not to speak wisdom to a fool, as they will despise it. The Hebrew word for "fool" (כְּסִיל, kesil) denotes someone who is morally deficient and resistant to wisdom.

5. Respecting Boundaries (Proverbs 23:10-11)
These verses emphasize the importance of not moving ancient boundary stones, a metaphor for respecting established limits and the rights of others. The "Redeemer" (גֹּאֵל, goel) is mentioned as a defender of the oppressed.

6. Discipline and Hope (Proverbs 23:12-14)
The passage encourages applying discipline to children, promising that it will lead to hope and not death. The Hebrew root for "discipline" (מוּסָר, musar) implies correction and instruction.

7. The Joy of Wise Children (Proverbs 23:15-16)
A parent's joy is linked to a wise and righteous child. The Hebrew word for "wise" (חָכָם, chakam) suggests skillful living and moral insight.

8. Avoiding Envy of Sinners (Proverbs 23:17-18)
These verses advise against envying sinners, instead encouraging a fear of the Lord, which leads to a hopeful future. The Hebrew term for "envy" (קִנְאָה, qinah) can also mean zeal or passion, but here it is a negative longing.

9. The Dangers of Drunkenness (Proverbs 23:19-21)
The text warns against excessive drinking and gluttony, which lead to poverty. The Hebrew word for "drunkard" (סָבָא, saba) indicates one who is habitually intoxicated.

10. Heeding Parental Instruction (Proverbs 23:22-25)
This section emphasizes listening to one's parents and valuing their wisdom, which brings joy to both child and parent. The Hebrew root for "listen" (שָׁמַע, shama) implies obedience and attentiveness.

11. The Allure and Consequences of Alcohol (Proverbs 23:29-35)
These verses vividly describe the negative effects of alcohol, using imagery to depict its seductive yet destructive nature. The Hebrew word for "wine" (יַיִן, yayin) is used, highlighting its intoxicating properties.

Each topic in Proverbs 23 offers practical wisdom and moral guidance, rooted in the Hebrew language and culture, and remains relevant for contemporary Christian living. 1. Wisdom in Dining and Restraint
Proverbs 23:1-3 advises caution and self-control when dining with rulers. The Hebrew root for "deceptive" (מַטְעַמִּים, mat'amim) in verse 3 suggests the allure of delicacies that may not be as beneficial as they appear.

2. Futility of Pursuing Wealth
Proverbs 23:4-5 warns against the pursuit of wealth, emphasizing its fleeting nature. The Hebrew word for "riches" (עֹשֶׁר, osher) conveys the idea of abundance that can quickly disappear.

3. Value of Wisdom and Instruction
Proverbs 23:12-14 highlights the importance of applying one's heart to instruction and wisdom. The Hebrew term for "discipline" (מוּסָר, musar) underscores the necessity of correction and guidance.

4. Joy of Righteous Parenting
Proverbs 23:15-16 speaks to the joy a wise child brings to a parent. The Hebrew word for "wise" (חָכָם, chakam) implies skillful living that aligns with God's principles.

5. Avoidance of Envy and Sinful Company
Proverbs 23:17-18 encourages believers not to envy sinners but to remain in the fear of the Lord. The Hebrew root for "envy" (קָנָא, qana) suggests a zealous desire that can lead one astray.

6. Consequences of Drunkenness and Gluttony
Proverbs 23:19-21 warns against excessive drinking and eating. The Hebrew word for "drunkard" (סָבָא, saba) and "glutton" (זָלַל, zalal) highlight behaviors that lead to poverty and ruin.

7. Respect for Parents
Proverbs 23:22-25 emphasizes listening to one's father and not despising one's mother. The Hebrew root for "despise" (בּוּז, buz) indicates a deep disrespect that is contrary to biblical values.

8. Pursuit of Truth and Wisdom
Proverbs 23:23 encourages the acquisition of truth, wisdom, instruction, and understanding. The Hebrew word for "buy" (קָנָה, qanah) suggests an active pursuit and investment in these virtues.

9. Warning Against Immorality
Proverbs 23:26-28 warns against the seduction of an immoral woman. The Hebrew term for "prostitute" (זוֹנָה, zonah) and "wayward wife" (נָכְרִיָּה, nokriyah) highlight the dangers of infidelity.

10. Dangers of Excessive Drinking
Proverbs 23:29-35 vividly describes the woes of drunkenness. The Hebrew word for "woe" (אוֹי, oy) conveys a deep lamentation over the consequences of alcohol abuse. Pray for Wisdom and Discernment
Ask God to grant you wisdom and discernment in all areas of life, helping you to make choices that honor Him.

Pray for Contentment
Seek God's help in cultivating a heart of contentment, free from envy and focused on His blessings.

Pray for Strength in Self-Control
Request God's strength to resist temptations and to live a disciplined life that reflects His character.

Pray for Joy in Righteous Living
Thank God for the joy and peace that come from living according to His Word, and ask for opportunities to share this joy with others.

1. Proverbs 23:13–14 advises using a rod for discipline; how does this align with modern views on child welfare?

2. Proverbs 23:9 says not to speak to a fool; does this conflict with the New Testament’s call to share truth with everyone?

3. Proverbs 23:5 depicts wealth sprouting wings and flying away; how should we view such statements that appear scientifically impossible?

4. Proverbs 23:20–21 warns against drunkenness, yet other Scriptures permit moderate wine consumption; is this contradictory?

5. Proverbs 23:10 forbids moving an ancient boundary stone; is there historical or archaeological evidence to confirm such practices?

1. How does the advice given in Proverbs 23:1-3 apply in a modern context of social and professional interactions?

2. Verses 4-5 discuss the fleeting nature of wealth. How can this teaching shape your perspective on material possessions?

3. What does Proverbs 23 teach us about the pitfalls of accepting generosity from individuals with ulterior motives?

4. How can we apply the teachings of verses 9-11 in defending and advocating for those less fortunate in our societies?

5. In what ways can we as individuals apply our hearts to instruction and our ears to wisdom in our daily lives, as suggested in verses 12-16?

6. Reflect on a time when you experienced envy. How could the teachings in verses 17-21 have changed your response?

7. What are some practical ways to honor your parents as per verses 22-25?

8. How does Proverbs 23:26-28 help shape our understanding of moral integrity?

9. Verses 29-35 vividly describe the impact of alcohol abuse. How can this passage guide modern discussions on substance abuse and addiction?

10. How do you relate the teachings in Proverbs 23 to other biblical passages on wisdom and moral conduct?

11. What lessons can we take from this chapter about the importance of self-control in various aspects of life?

12. How can we use the teachings of this chapter to resist materialistic temptations in our modern society?

13. What are some strategies you can use to avoid wasting wisdom on people who won't appreciate or heed it?

14. How can the warnings against gluttony and drunkenness in Proverbs 23 guide us towards healthier lifestyles?

15. What is the importance of discipline as taught in Proverbs 23, and how can you apply it to your life?

16. How does this chapter shape our understanding of the societal and personal consequences of immorality?

17. What are some real-life scenarios where the teachings from Proverbs 23 could be used to guide decision-making?

18. In the context of your personal life, how would you put the advice given in verses 17-21 into practice?

19. How does the warning against the deceptive nature of wealth in Proverbs 23 align with the teachings of other Bible passages?

20. Reflecting on Proverbs 23 as a whole, how can you apply its teachings to improve your relationship with God and with others in your community?