Exodus 5:4 But the king of Egypt said to them, "Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!"

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◄ Exodus 5:4 ►
New International Version
But the king of Egypt said, “Moses and Aaron, why are you taking the people away from their labor? Get back to your work!”

New Living Translation
Pharaoh replied, “Moses and Aaron, why are you distracting the people from their tasks? Get back to work!

English Standard Version
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people away from their work? Get back to your burdens.”

Berean Standard Bible
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!”

Berean Literal Bible
And the king of Egypt said to them, “Why, Moses and Aaron, do you⁺ loosen the people from their works? Go to your⁺ burdens.”

King James Bible
And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, let the people from their works? get you unto your burdens.

New King James Version
Then the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people from their work? Get back to your labor.”

New American Standard Bible
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you let the people neglect their work? Get back to your labors!”

NASB 1995
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labors!”

NASB 1977
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labors!”

Legacy Standard Bible
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your hard labors!”

Amplified Bible
But the king of Egypt said to Moses and Aaron, “Why do you take the people away from their work? Get back to your burdens!”

Berean Annotated Bible
But the king of Egypt (land of bondage) said to them, “Moses (drawn out) and Aaron (light bringer), why do you⁺ draw the people away from their work? Get back to your⁺ labor!

Christian Standard Bible
The king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why are you causing the people to neglect their work? Get to your labor! ”

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why are you causing the people to neglect their work? Get to your work!”

American Standard Version
And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, loose the people from their works? get you unto your burdens.

English Revised Version
And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, loose the people from their works? get you unto your burdens.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The king of Egypt said to them, "Moses and Aaron, why are you distracting the people from their work? Get back to work!"

Good News Translation
The king said to Moses and Aaron, "What do you mean by making the people neglect their work? Get those slaves back to work!

International Standard Version
The king of Egypt replied to them, "Moses and Aaron, why are you keeping the people from their labor? Go back to your work!"

NET Bible
The king of Egypt said to them, "Moses and Aaron, why do you cause the people to refrain from their work? Return to your labor!"

New Heart English Bible
The king of Egypt said to them, "Why do you, Moses and Aaron, take the people from their work? Get back to your burdens."

Webster's Bible Translation
And the king of Egypt said to them, Why do ye, Moses and Aaron, hinder the people from their works; go you to your burdens.
Majority Text Translations
Majority Standard Bible
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!”

World English Bible
The king of Egypt said to them, “Why do you, Moses and Aaron, take the people from their work? Get back to your burdens!”
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the king of Egypt says to them, “Why, Moses and Aaron, do you free the people from its works? Go to your burdens.”

Berean Literal Bible
And the king of Egypt said to them, “Why, Moses and Aaron, do you⁺ loosen the people from their works? Go to your⁺ burdens.”

Young's Literal Translation
And the king of Egypt saith unto them, 'Why, Moses and Aaron, do ye free the people from its works? go to your burdens.'

Smith's Literal Translation
And the king of Egypt will say to them, For what Moses and Aaron, will ye let go loose the people from their works? go ye to your burdens.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The king of Egypt said to them: Why do you Moses and Aaron draw off the people from their works? Get you gone to your burdens.

Catholic Public Domain Version
The king of Egypt said to them: “Why do you, Moses and Aaron, distract the people from their works? Go back to your burdens.”

New American Bible
The king of Egypt answered them, “Why, Moses and Aaron, do you make the people neglect their work? Off to your labors!”

New Revised Standard Version
But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why are you taking the people away from their work? Get to your labors!”
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the king of Egypt said to them, Wherefore do you, Moses and Aaron, cause the people to stop from their work? Go back to your tasks.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And the King of Egypt said to them, “Why do you, Moshe and Aaron, stop the people from their works? Go to your work.”
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
And the king of Egypt said unto them: 'Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, cause the people to break loose from their work? get you unto your burdens.'

Brenton Septuagint Translation
And the king of Egypt said to them, Why do ye, Moses and Aaron, turn the people from their works? depart each of you to your works.

Additional Translations ...
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Context
Pharaoh's First Refusal
…3“The God of the Hebrews has met with us,” they answered. “Please let us go on a three-day journey into the wilderness to sacrifice to the LORD our God, or He may strike us with plagues or with the sword.” 4But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you draw the people away from their work? Get back to your labor!” 5Pharaoh also said, “Look, the people of the land are now numerous, and you would be stopping them from their labor.”…
Cross References
But the king of Egypt said to them,

Exodus 1:10
Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, or they will increase even more; and if a war breaks out, they may join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.”

Exodus 1:22
Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: “Every son born to the Hebrews you must throw into the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.”

Acts 7:19
He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers, forcing them to abandon their infants so they would die.
“Moses and Aaron,

Exodus 4:27
Meanwhile, the LORD had said to Aaron, “Go and meet Moses in the wilderness.” So he went and met Moses at the mountain of God and kissed him.

Exodus 6:26-27
It was this Aaron and Moses to whom the LORD said, “Bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their divisions.” / Moses and Aaron were the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt in order to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.

Exodus 7:6
So Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded them.
why do you draw the people away from their work?

Matthew 20:6
About the eleventh hour he went out and found still others standing around. ‘Why have you been standing here all day long doing nothing?’ he asked.

2 Thessalonians 3:10
For even while we were with you, we gave you this command: “If anyone is unwilling to work, he shall not eat.”

Proverbs 6:9-11
How long will you lie there, O slacker? When will you get up from your sleep? / A little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest, / and poverty will come upon you like a robber, and need like a bandit.
Get back to your labor!”

Exodus 1:14
and made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar, and with all kinds of work in the fields. Every service they imposed was harsh.

Deuteronomy 26:6
But the Egyptians mistreated us and afflicted us, putting us to hard labor.

Psalm 81:6
“I relieved his shoulder of the burden; his hands were freed from the basket.
Exodus 1:11-14
So the Egyptians appointed taskmasters over the Israelites to oppress them with forced labor. As a result, they built Pithom and Rameses as store cities for Pharaoh. / But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and flourished; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites. / They worked the Israelites ruthlessly …

Exodus 3:7-10
The LORD said, “I have indeed seen the affliction of My people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their oppressors, and I am aware of their sufferings. / I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. / And now the cry of the Israelites has reached Me, and I have seen how severely the Egyptians are oppressing them. …

Exodus 6:6-9
Therefore tell the Israelites: ‘I am the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians and deliver you from their bondage. I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and with mighty acts of judgment. / I will take you as My own people, and I will be your God. Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians. / And I will bring you into the land that I swore to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. I will give it to you as a possession. I am the LORD!’” …

Exodus 7:16
Then say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has sent me to tell you: Let My people go, so that they may worship Me in the wilderness. But until now you have not listened.


Treasury of Scripture

And the king of Egypt said to them, Why do you, Moses and Aaron, let the people from their works? get you to your burdens.

wherefore.

Jeremiah 38:4
Therefore the princes said unto the king, We beseech thee, let this man be put to death: for thus he weakeneth the hands of the men of war that remain in this city, and the hands of all the people, in speaking such words unto them: for this man seeketh not the welfare of this people, but the hurt.

Amos 7:10
Then Amaziah the priest of Bethel sent to Jeroboam king of Israel, saying, Amos hath conspired against thee in the midst of the house of Israel: the land is not able to bear all his words.

Luke 23:2
And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a King.

let.

burdens.

Exodus 1:11
Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses.

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Exodus 5
1. Pharaoh chides Moses and Aaron for their message.
6. He increases the Israelites' task.
16. He ignores their complaints.
19. They cry out to Moses and Aaron.
22. Moses complains to God.










(追記) (追記ここまで)

But the king of Egypt said to them,

Pharaoh answered Moses and Aaron as Egypt’s sovereign, claiming authority over the Israelites’ lives and labor. His resistance to God’s command revealed the pride of a ruler regarded by his people as divine, yet wholly subject to the Lord of Israel.

Exo 1:10 Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, or they will increase…
Exo 1:22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people: “Every son…”…
Act 7:19 He exploited our people and oppressed our fathers…

“Moses and Aaron,

God had appointed Moses to confront Pharaoh and Aaron to speak alongside him. The brothers stood before the throne of Egypt not by personal ambition but by divine commission, representing the Lord’s claim upon His covenant people.

Exo 4:27 Meanwhile, the LORD had said to Aaron, “Go and meet Moses…
Exo 6:26-27 It was this Aaron and Moses to whom the LORD said…
Exo 7:6 So Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded them.

why do you draw the people away from their work?

Pharaoh viewed Israel chiefly as a source of forced labor for Egypt’s building projects. He treated their worship of God as a threat to his economic power and political control, showing that bondage seeks to prevent people from serving the Lord.

Mat 20:6 About the eleventh hour he went out…
2Th 3:10 For even while we were with you, we gave you this command:…
Pro 6:9-11 How long will you lie there, O slacker?…

Get back to your labor!”

Pharaoh answered God’s call to freedom with a command for deeper oppression. His refusal set in motion the conflict through which the Lord would expose Egypt’s false gods, judge Pharaoh’s rebellion, and redeem Israel for worship and covenant service.

Exo 1:14 and made their lives bitter with hard labor…
Deu 26:6 But the Egyptians mistreated us and afflicted us…
Psa 81:6 “I relieved his shoulder of the burden;…”…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Pharaoh
The king of Egypt, representing the oppressive power and authority that enslaved the Israelites. His heart was hardened against God's command to let His people go.

2. Moses
The chosen leader of the Israelites, called by God to deliver His people from Egyptian bondage. Moses is a central figure in the account of Exodus, representing obedience to God's call.

3. Aaron
Moses' brother and spokesperson, who assisted Moses in confronting Pharaoh. Aaron played a crucial role in communicating God's demands to Pharaoh.

4. The Israelites
The enslaved people of God in Egypt, whose labor was exploited by Pharaoh. They represent God's chosen people, longing for freedom and deliverance.

5. Egypt
The land where the Israelites were enslaved, symbolizing a place of bondage and oppression. It serves as a backdrop for God's mighty acts of deliverance.
Teaching Points
Understanding Oppression
Pharaoh's response highlights the nature of oppressive systems that prioritize productivity over people. Reflect on modern parallels and the importance of valuing human dignity.

God's Call to Leadership
Moses and Aaron's roles remind us of the importance of answering God's call, even in the face of opposition. Consider how God might be calling you to lead or serve in challenging circumstances.

The Cost of Obedience
Obeying God's commands can lead to increased resistance and hardship, as seen in Pharaoh's reaction. Be prepared for challenges when following God's will.

Trust in God's Deliverance
Despite Pharaoh's refusal, God's plan for deliverance was unwavering. Trust in God's promises and His ability to overcome any obstacle.

Rest in God's Provision
Contrast the burdens of labor under Pharaoh with the spiritual rest offered by God. Seek rest in God's presence and provision, especially during times of stress and toil.
Bible Study Questions and Answers
1. What is the meaning of Exodus 5:4?

2. How does Pharaoh's response in Exodus 5:4 reveal his heart towards God?

3. What does Exodus 5:4 teach about the challenges of obeying God's call?

4. How can Exodus 5:4 encourage perseverance in the face of opposition today?

5. Compare Pharaoh's attitude in Exodus 5:4 with Romans 1:21-22. What similarities exist?

6. How should believers respond when authority figures oppose God's commands, as in Exodus 5:4?

7. Why did Pharaoh question Moses and Aaron's authority in Exodus 5:4?

8. How does Exodus 5:4 reflect Pharaoh's view of the Israelites' labor?

9. What does Exodus 5:4 reveal about Pharaoh's leadership style?

10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Exodus 5?


What Does Exodus 5:4 Mean
But the king of Egypt said to them

• This opening phrase highlights Pharaoh’s authority and immediate resistance. Just as Exodus 3:19 foretold, the ruler of Egypt would not release Israel willingly, and Romans 9:17 reminds us that God raised up this very king to display divine power. Pharaoh’s words set the stage for the confrontation between earthly power and the LORD’s command (Exodus 5:1).

Moses and Aaron

• Pharaoh addresses the brothers by name, underscoring that he knows exactly who is challenging him. God had paired them for this mission (Exodus 4:14–16), so Pharaoh’s direct address is also a confrontation with the God who commissioned them (Exodus 6:13).

Why do you draw the people away from their work?

• Pharaoh accuses them of disrupting the economic engine of Egypt.

– In Exodus 1:11 the taskmasters were instituted to keep Israel busy and subjugated.

– Verses 5:17–18 show Pharaoh doubling down: “You are slackers.”

– His question exposes his worldview: productivity over worship, bondage over freedom. Jesus later contrasts that burden with His own rest (Matthew 11:28).

Get back to your labor!

• A curt command that reveals Pharaoh’s hard heart (Exodus 7:13).

– He tries to reassert control (Exodus 5:9) and ignore the LORD’s demand (Exodus 5:1).

– God will answer this command with His own: “Let My people go” (Exodus 6:1), showing whose word truly stands.

summary

Pharaoh’s response in Exodus 5:4 reveals a ruler who prioritizes forced labor over divine worship, challenges God’s messengers outright, and tightens Israel’s chains in defiance of the LORD. The verse sets the tone for the coming plagues, contrasting Pharaoh’s futile orders with God’s unstoppable plan to liberate His people.

Verse 4. - The king makes no direct reply to this appeal, but turns upon his petitioners, and charges them with an offence against the crown. Why do they, Moses and Aaron, by summoning the people to meet together, and exciting their minds with vague hopes, "let the people from their works." This is damage to the crown, whoso labourers the people are, and he, the Pharaoh, will not have it. "Get you - all of you, people and leaders together - to your appointed tasks - your burdens."

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
But the king
מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 4428: A king

of Egypt
מִצְרַ֔יִם (miṣ·ra·yim)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4714: Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa

said
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

to them,
אֲלֵהֶם֙ (’ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

“Moses
מֹשֶׁ֣ה (mō·šeh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 4872: Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver

and Aaron,
וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן (wə·’a·hă·rōn)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 175: Aaron -- an elder brother of Moses

why
לָ֚מָּה (lām·māh)
Interrogative
Strong's 4100: What?, what!, indefinitely what

do you draw
תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ (tap̄·rî·‘ū)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - second person masculine plural
Strong's 6544: To loosen, to expose, dismiss, absolve, begin

the people
הָעָ֖ם (hā·‘ām)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

away from their work?
מִמַּֽעֲשָׂ֑יו (mim·ma·‘ă·śāw)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4639: An action, a transaction, activity, a product, property

Get back
לְכ֖וּ (lə·ḵū)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk

to your work!”
לְסִבְלֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ (lə·siḇ·lō·ṯê·ḵem)
Preposition-l | Noun - feminine plural construct | second person masculine plural
Strong's 5450: Porterage


Additonal Resources
Exodus 5:4 Blue Letter Bible
Exodus 5:4 Bible Gateway
Exodus 5:4 Bible.com

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Exodus 5:4 Study Bible
Exodus 5:4 Biblia Paralela
Exodus 5:4 Chinese Bible
Exodus 5:4 French Bible
Exodus 5:4 Catholic Bible

OT Law: Exodus 5:4 The king of Egypt said to them (Exo. Ex)

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