Multiple buttons to control relays

Question

Dears,

I have a problem that I could not solve for a while, I tried the code below but it did not work. There will be 4 buttons controlling 4 relays but in a way that button one will turn relays 1&3 on, if button 2 is pressed only relay 2 turns on, if button 3 is pressed relays 1,2 and 3 will turn on, if button 4 is pressed it is supposed to toggle relays 1&4. one more thing: I need to be able to pass from any button to any of the others and the corresponding relays will be activated while the others will go off.

 #include <Bounce2.h>
 const int BUTTON_COUNT = 4;
 const int16_t DEBOUNCE_DELAY = 50;
 const uint8_t buttonPins[BUTTON_COUNT] = {28, 29, 30, 31};
 const uint8_t ledPins[BUTTON_COUNT] = {34, 35, 36, 37};
 Bounce buttons[BUTTON_COUNT];
 uint8_t ledStates[BUTTON_COUNT];
 void setup() {
 for (int i = 0; i < BUTTON_COUNT; i++) {
 buttons[i].attach(buttonPins[i], INPUT);
 buttons[i].interval(DEBOUNCE_DELAY);
 pinMode(ledPins[i], OUTPUT);
 ledStates[i] = HIGH;
 digitalWrite(ledPins[i], ledStates[i]);
 }
 }
 void loop() {
// Update the debouncers.
for (int i = 0; i < BUTTON_COUNT; i++)
 buttons[i].update();
// When the first "laban" button is pressed:
if (buttons[0].rose()) {
 // Light up the first LED.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[1], LOW);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[3], LOW);
 // and turn off all the others.
 for (int i = 0; i < BUTTON_COUNT; i++) {
 ledStates[0] = HIGH;
 ledStates[2] = HIGH;
 digitalWrite(ledPins[i], ledStates[i]);
 }
}
// When the first button is released:
if (buttons[0].fell()) {
 // turn off relays.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[1], HIGH);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[3], HIGH);
}
// When the first "Soda" button is pressed:
if (buttons[1].rose()) {
 // Light up the first LED.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[2], LOW);
 // and turn off all the others.
 for (int i = 0; i < BUTTON_COUNT; i++) {
 ledStates[0] = HIGH;
 ledStates[1] = HIGH;
 ledStates[3] = HIGH;
 digitalWrite(ledPins[i], ledStates[i]);
 }
}
// When the first button is released:
if (buttons[1].fell()) {
 // turn off the first LED.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[2], HIGH);
}
// When the first "labanUP" button is pressed:
if (buttons[2].rose()) {
 // Light up the first LED.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[1], LOW);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[2], LOW);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[3], LOW);
 // and turn off all the others.
 for (int i = 0; i < BUTTON_COUNT; i++) {
 ledStates[0] = HIGH;
 digitalWrite(ledPins[i], ledStates[i]);
 }
}
// When the first button is released:
if (buttons[0].fell()) {
 // turn off the first LED.
 digitalWrite(ledPins[1], HIGH);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[2], HIGH);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[3], HIGH);
}
// When circulation button is pressed:
 if (buttons[3].rose()) {
 // Toggle its state.
 ledStates[3] = !ledStates[3];
 digitalWrite(ledPins[3], ledStates[3]);
 digitalWrite(ledPins[0], ledStates[0]);
 }
 }

Answer 1

Below code is an simple example of what you described, each button will turn on the relays defined for them and turn off other relays. except for button 4 which will toggle relay 1 and 4.

int relay1 = 2;
int relay2 = 3;
int relay3 = 4;
int relay4 = 5;
int sw1 = 6;
int sw2 = 7;
int sw3 = 8;
int sw4 = 9;
int sw1Status, sw2Status, sw3Status, sw4Status;
int order = 1; // default is to set all relays off.
void setup() {
 pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT);
 // input pull-up, so default state of buttons is HIGH.
 pinMode(sw1, INPUT_PULLUP);
 pinMode(sw2, INPUT_PULLUP);
 pinMode(sw3, INPUT_PULLUP);
 pinMode(sw4, INPUT_PULLUP);
}
void loop() {
 // read the buttons status
 sw1Status = digitalRead(sw1);
 sw2Status = digitalRead(sw2);
 sw3Status = digitalRead(sw3);
 sw4Status = digitalRead(sw4);
 if (sw1Status == LOW) { // if button 1 pressed
 order = 2; // go to case 2
 }
 if (sw2Status == LOW) {
 order = 3;
 }
 if (sw3Status == LOW) {
 order = 4;
 }
 if (sw4Status == LOW) { // button 4 toggle
 if (order != 5) { // if order is not equal 5 turn on relay 1 & 4
 order = 5;
 }
 else { // else go to case 1, which will turns off all relays
 order = 1;
 }
 }
 switch (order) {
 case 1: // if order equals 1
 digitalWrite(relay1, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay3, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);
 break;
 case 2: // if order equals 2
 digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);
 break;
 case 3: // if order equals 3
 digitalWrite(relay1, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay3, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);
 break;
 case 4: // if order equals 4
 digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);
 break;
 case 5: // if order equals 5
 digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay3, LOW);
 digitalWrite(relay4, HIGH);
 break;
 default: // if none of above cases is valid go to case 1
 order = 1;
 break;
 }
}

Having a tidy code format and using simple coding style (if possible) will help to debug/edit/improve the code more easily.

Don't forget to de-bounce the buttons.

• medo: Thank you very much, but unfortunately, it did not work the way we were expecting. I thought it maybe my connections so I used the simulator with dc motors instead of the relays and it was the same :( " tinkercad.com/things/k1VCQrax95J-copy-of-arduino-simulator-or/… "
• ElectronSurf: @medo You shouldn't connect the push buttons to the positive line, we already used the INPUT_PULLUP. remove the resistor and just connect the push button directly to the negative line.
• medo: Highly appreciated @newbie. What do you think changes need to be made if I replace the push buttons with "TTP 223" touch sensors? any idea of changes on the code? since the sensor has 3 lines; ground, vcc and signal
• ElectronSurf: @medo well sensors also have high/low output too, in case of using a sensor instead of push button you have to detect sensor status and apply it in the code: sw1Status, sw2Status .... also you should replace INPUT_PULLUP with INPUT.