I want to burn the arduino optiboot_atmega328.hex bootloader but it doesn't work. I remember that I was able to burn the BL using the arduino IDE which was quite easy, this time I'm having some problems.
I'm always using an avrispv2 programmer to flash my atmegas and it was also this programmer I used once to burn the BL. When I try, the IDE gives the following output:
avrdude: Version 6.3-20171130
Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch
System wide configuration file is "/home/xxx/Downloads/arduino-1.8.7-linux64/arduino-1.8.7/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf"
User configuration file is "/home/xxx/.avrduderc"
User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping
Using Port : /dev/ttyACM2
Using Programmer : stk500v1
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 1 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 2 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 3 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 4 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 5 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 6 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 7 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 8 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 9 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude: stk500_recv(): programmer is not responding
avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00
avrdude done. Thank you.
Fehler beim Brennen des Bootloaders.
After this didn't work I tried to manually upload the optiboot_atmega328.hex with avrdude on the commandline (following this guide). The output of avrdude is as follows:
avrdude -b 19200 -c avrispv2 -p m328p -v -e -U efuse:w:0x05:m -U hfuse:w:0xD6:m -U lfuse:w:0xFF:m -P /dev/ttyACM2
avrdude: Version 6.3
Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch
System wide configuration file is "/etc/avrdude.conf"
User configuration file is "/home/tabaluga/.avrduderc"
User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping
Using Port : /dev/ttyACM2
Using Programmer : avrispv2
Overriding Baud Rate : 19200
AVR Part : ATmega328P
Chip Erase delay : 9000 us
PAGEL : PD7
BS2 : PC2
RESET disposition : dedicated
RETRY pulse : SCK
serial program mode : yes
parallel program mode : yes
Timeout : 200
StabDelay : 100
CmdexeDelay : 25
SyncLoops : 32
ByteDelay : 0
PollIndex : 3
PollValue : 0x53
Memory Detail :
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
eeprom 65 20 4 0 no 1024 4 0 3600 3600 0xff 0xff
flash 65 6 128 0 yes 32768 128 256 4500 4500 0xff 0xff
lfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
hfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
efuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
lock 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
calibration 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
signature 0 0 0 0 no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
Programmer Type : STK500V2
Description : Atmel AVR ISP V2
Programmer Model: STK500
Hardware Version: 10
Firmware Version Master : 2.10
avrdude: stk500v2_command(): command failed
avrdude: stk500v2_getparm(): failed to get parameter 0x9a
Topcard : Unknown
Vtarget : 3.3 V
SCK period : 17.4 us
Varef : 3.3 V
Oscillator : Off
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f (probably m328p)
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file "0x05"
avrdude: writing efuse (1 bytes):
Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.01s
avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse written
avrdude: verifying efuse memory against 0x05:
avrdude: load data efuse data from input file 0x05:
avrdude: input file 0x05 contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip efuse data:
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000
0xfd != 0x05
avrdude: verification error; content mismatch
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD
avrdude: safemode: efuse changed! Was 5, and is now fd
Would you like this fuse to be changed back? [y/n] y
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 9 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 8 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 7 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 6 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 5 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 4 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 3 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 2 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 1 attempts left
avrdude: safemode: Wrote efuse to 5, read as fd. 0 attempts left
avrdude: and COULD NOT be changed
avrdude: safemode: Fuses not recovered, sorry
avrdude done. Thank you.
As I'm unable to set the fuses it's no wonder that the actual upload doesn't work as well:
avrdude -b 19200 -c avrispv2 -p m328p -v -e -U flash:w:optiboot_atmega328.hex -U lock:w:0x0F:m -P /dev/ttyACM2
avrdude: Version 6.3
Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch
System wide configuration file is "/etc/avrdude.conf"
User configuration file is "/home/tabaluga/.avrduderc"
User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping
Using Port : /dev/ttyACM2
Using Programmer : avrispv2
Overriding Baud Rate : 19200
AVR Part : ATmega328P
Chip Erase delay : 9000 us
PAGEL : PD7
BS2 : PC2
RESET disposition : dedicated
RETRY pulse : SCK
serial program mode : yes
parallel program mode : yes
Timeout : 200
StabDelay : 100
CmdexeDelay : 25
SyncLoops : 32
ByteDelay : 0
PollIndex : 3
PollValue : 0x53
Memory Detail :
Block Poll Page Polled
Memory Type Mode Delay Size Indx Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
eeprom 65 20 4 0 no 1024 4 0 3600 3600 0xff 0xff
flash 65 6 128 0 yes 32768 128 256 4500 4500 0xff 0xff
lfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
hfuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
efuse 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
lock 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 4500 4500 0x00 0x00
calibration 0 0 0 0 no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
signature 0 0 0 0 no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
Programmer Type : STK500V2
Description : Atmel AVR ISP V2
Programmer Model: STK500
Hardware Version: 10
Firmware Version Master : 2.10
avrdude: stk500v2_command(): command failed
avrdude: stk500v2_getparm(): failed to get parameter 0x9a
Topcard : Unknown
Vtarget : 3.3 V
SCK period : 17.4 us
Varef : 3.3 V
Oscillator : Off
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f (probably m328p)
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file "optiboot_atmega328.hex"
avrdude: input file optiboot_atmega328.hex auto detected as Intel Hex
avrdude: writing flash (32768 bytes):
Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: 32768 bytes of flash written
avrdude: verifying flash memory against optiboot_atmega328.hex:
avrdude: load data flash data from input file optiboot_atmega328.hex:
avrdude: input file optiboot_atmega328.hex auto detected as Intel Hex
avrdude: input file optiboot_atmega328.hex contains 32768 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 32768 bytes of flash verified
avrdude: reading input file "0x0F"
avrdude: writing lock (1 bytes):
Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.01s
avrdude: 1 bytes of lock written
avrdude: verifying lock memory against 0x0F:
avrdude: load data lock data from input file 0x0F:
avrdude: input file 0x0F contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip lock data:
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s
avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: verification error, first mismatch at byte 0x0000
0xcf != 0x0f
avrdude: verification error; content mismatch
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as D9
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD
avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK (E:FD, H:D9, L:62)
avrdude done. Thank you.
I personally doubt that the μC or my programmer are bricked because I'm able to upload program code via ISP as I always used to, also I've tried two different ATmega328p.
Do you see what I'm doing wrong? Why does one actually have to change fuses before flashing the bootloader (just curious)?
1 Answer 1
I can see you are on Linux so I won't give you instructions for using AVR Studio - but do know that if you have access to a Windows machine that is another option you could try.
I can't tell you exactly why it is not working through the Arduino IDE - it could be that the settings are not set correctly or any number of reasons. What I can say is that it is not seeing the AVRISPmkII. Try turning on verbose mode in the Arduino SE settings.
However when using avrdude, you are requesting the efuse be set to 0x05. The value of 0x05 (or b0000 0101) means that you are requesting a brownout detection of 2.7V. But because only the last 3 bits of the fuse are relevant, the chip fills the rest of the bits with 1 not 0. So b0000 0101 (aka 0x05) becomes b1111 1101 (aka 0xFD), hence you get a mismatch.
Also, according to my \Arduino-x.x.x\hardware\arduino\avr\boards.txt file, the fuses for the Arduino/Genduino Optiboot are:
- low_fuses=0xFF
- high_fuses=0xDE
- extended_fuses=0xFD
Change your avrdude command to the following:
avrdude -b 19200 -c avrispv2 -p m328p -v -e -U efuse:w:0xFD:m -U hfuse:w:0xDE:m -U lfuse:w:0xFF:m -P /dev/ttyACM2
The last block of output in your question shows that you are trying to load the optiboot hex file. That part works so it seems, as it writes and verifies successfully. The interesting part is the lock bit fails verification. It is reading 0xCF which means it is in bootloader protection mode #3: LPM and SPM prohibited in boot loader section.
From the datasheet:
SPM = Store Program Memory instruction
LPM = Load Program Memory instruction
And
SPM is not allowed to write to the Boot Loader section, and LPM executing from the Application section is not allowed to read from the Boot Loader section. If Interrupt Vectors are placed in the Application section, interrupts are disabled while executing from the Boot Loader section.
But it appears that these lock bits can be removed by doing a chip erase:
The Boot Lock bits can be set in software and in Serial or Parallel Programming mode, but they can be cleared by a Chip Erase command only.
And
The Chip Erase will erase the Flash and EEPROM(1) memories plus Lock bits. The Lock bits are not reset until the program memory has been completely erased. The Fuse bits are not changed. A Chip Erase must be performed before the Flash and/or EEPROM are reprogrammed.
So it looks like you need to do a full chip erase with avrdude.
For reference I use the following fuse calculators:
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