Enabling pins of Arduino Due with direct port manipulation

Question

I want to enable pin 13 on my SAM3X8E using direct port manipulation. On this chip the pin is bit 27 in port B, so I used PIOB->PIO_PER = 1<<27; to enable this pin, but it doesn't work. This pin keeps at 3.08V, the default value of non-initialized pins.

Here's my complete code:

#include <asf.h>
int main (void) {
 // Insert system clock initialization code here (sysclk_init()).
 board_init();
 sysclk_init();
 delay_init(sysclk_get_cpu_hz());
 PIOB->PIO_PER = 1<<27;
 PIOB->PIO_OER = 1<<27;
 while(1) {
 REG_PIOB_ODSR = 1<<27;
 delay_ms(1000);
 REG_PIOB_ODSR = 0<<27;
 delay_ms(1000); 
 }
}

Can anyone tell me how I can get this to work?

Answer 1

I suggest the following test: Use REG_PIOB_SODR = 1<<27; to set the bit, and REG_PIOB_CODR = 1<<27; to clear it. If that works ok, see about enabling synchronous data output via the port's PIO_OWSR register. (If it doesn't work ok, perhaps review section 31.6, "I/O Lines Programming Example", on page 629 of Atmel document 11057, the Cortex datasheet.)

Section 31.5.5, "Synchronous Data Output", on page 623 says in part:

After reset, the synchronous data output is disabled on all the I/O lines as PIO_OWSR resets at 0x0.

I imagine that writes to REG_PIOB_SODR and REG_PIOB_CODR should have effect after you enabled output by setting bits in PIOB->PIO_PER and PIOB->PIO_OER, which you did. However, with the bit in PIO_OWSR being clear, synchronous data output isn't available, so writes to REG_PIOB_ODSR have no effect.

Answer 2

 #define Led_ON REG_PIOB_ODSR |= 0x8000000
 #define Led_OFF REG_PIOB_ODSR &= ~0x8000000
 //for Arduino Due
 PIOB->PIO_PER |= 0x8000000;//led
 PIOB->PIO_OER |= 0x8000000;//led

And then call Led_ON and Led_OFF