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This package contains a pure-Python MySQL client library. The goal of PyMySQL is to be a drop-in replacement for MySQLdb and work on CPython, PyPy and IronPython.

• Python -- one of the following:
  • CPython >= 2.6 or >= 3.3
  • PyPy >= 2.3
  • IronPython 2.7
• MySQL Server -- one of the following:
  • MySQL >= 4.1
  • MariaDB >= 5.1

The last stable release is available on PyPI and can be installed with pip:

$ pip install PyMySQL

Alternatively (e.g. if pip is not available), a tarball can be downloaded from GitHub and installed with Setuptools:

$ # X.X is the desired PyMySQL version (e.g. 0.5 or 0.6).
$ curl -L https://github.com/PyMySQL/PyMySQL/tarball/pymysql-X.X | tar xz
$ cd PyMySQL*
$ python setup.py install
$ # The folder PyMySQL* can be safely removed now.

If you would like to run the test suite, create database for test like this:

mysql -e 'create database test_pymysql DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'
mysql -e 'create database test_pymysql2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'

Then, copy the file .travis.databases.json to pymysql/tests/databases.json and edit the new file to match your MySQL configuration:

$ cp .travis.databases.json pymysql/tests/databases.json
$ $EDITOR pymysql/tests/databases.json

To run all the tests, execute the script runtests.py:

$ python runtests.py

A tox.ini file is also provided for conveniently running tests on multiple Python versions:

$ tox

The following examples make use of a simple table

CREATE TABLE `users` (
 `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `email` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
 `password` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin
AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

import pymysql.cursors
# Connect to the database
connection = pymysql.connect(host='localhost',
 user='user',
 password='passwd',
 db='db',
 charset='utf8mb4',
 cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
try:
 with connection.cursor() as cursor:
 # Create a new record
 sql = "INSERT INTO `users` (`email`, `password`) VALUES (%s, %s)"
 cursor.execute(sql, ('webmaster@python.org', 'very-secret'))
 # connection is not autocommit by default. So you must commit to save
 # your changes.
 connection.commit()
 with connection.cursor() as cursor:
 # Read a single record
 sql = "SELECT `id`, `password` FROM `users` WHERE `email`=%s"
 cursor.execute(sql, ('webmaster@python.org',))
 result = cursor.fetchone()
 print(result)
finally:
 connection.close()

This example will print:

{'password': 'very-secret', 'id': 1}

DB-API 2.0: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249

MySQL Reference Manuals: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/

MySQL client/server protocol: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/client-server-protocol.html

PyMySQL mailing list: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pymysql-users

PyMySQL is released under the MIT License. See LICENSE for more information.