swpackage(5)
Contents
swpackage -- file formats
Output format - Data Interchange Formats
Input format - Product Specification File (PSF)
The output format is either one of two formats specified in POSIX.1
(ISO/IEC 9945-1) which are tar (header magic=ustar) or cpio (header
magic=070707). The default format of the swbis implementation is
"ustar". The POSIX spec under specifies definitions for some of the
ustar header fields. The personality of the default swbis ustar format
mimics GNU tar 1.15.1 and is designed to be compliant to POSIX.1. The
personality of the "ustar0" format mimics, for pathnames less than 99
octets, GNU tar 1.13.25 using the "-b1 --posix" options. This bit-
for-bit sameness does not exist for pathnames greater than 99 chars as
swbis follows the POSIX spec and GNU tar 1.13.25 does not. The
"ustar0" ustar personality is deprecated. It is only slightly
different from 'ustar' in how device number fields are filled (with
spaces, zeros or NULs) for non-device files.
In addition the swbis implementation supports several other tar
variants including bit-for-bit mimicry of GNU tar (1.13.25) default
format which uses a non-standard name split and file type (type 'L').
This format is known as '--format=oldgnu'. Also supported is the gnu
format of GNU tar 1.15.1 specified by '--format=gnu'
The defacto cpio formats are also supported. "new ASCII" (sometimes
called SVR4 cpio) and "crc" cpio formats with header magic "070701" and
"070702" respectively.
Support for "pax Interchange Format" (Extended header tar) described in
IEEE 1003.1-2001 under the "pax" manual page has been implemented for
POSIX file attributes as of release 1.12 (c Aug2014). The 'swpackage'
utility will generate extended headers on an as needed basis when the
--format=pax is used. Support for POSIX ACL and SELinux attributes is
planned.
The entirety of the output byte stream is a single valid file of one
the formats mentioned above.
The swbis implementation writes its output to stdout. The default
output block size is 10240 bytes. The last block is not padded and
therefore the last write(2) may be a short write. The selected block
size does not affect the output file contents.
The swbis implementation is biased, in terms of capability and default
settings, to the tar format. Package signing is only supported in tar
format.
The input file is called a product specification file or PSF. It
contains information to direct swpackage and information that is
package meta-data [that is merely transferred unchanged into the global
INDEX file].
A PSF may contain object keywords, attributes (keyword/value pairs) and
Extended Definitions (described below). An object keyword connotes a
logical object (i.e. software structure) supported by the standard. An
object keyword does not have a value field after it, as it contains
Attributes and Extended Definitions. An attribute keyword conotes an
attribute which is always in the form of a keyword/value pair.
Attribute keywords not recognized by the standard are allowed and are
transferred into the INDEX file. Object keywords not recognized by the
standard are not allowed and will generate an error. Extended
Definitions may only appear in a PSF (never in a INDEX or INFO created
by swpackage). Extended Definitions are translated [by swpackage] into
object keywords (objects) and attributes recognized by the standard.
Comments in a PSF are not transferred into the INDEX file by the swbis
implementation of swpackage.
The file syntax is the same as a INDEX, or INFO file. A PSF may
contain all objects defined by the standard as well as extended
definitions.
For additional information see
XDSA C701 http://www.opengroup.org/publications/catalog/c701.htm, or
sw manual page.
EXTENDED DEFINITIONS
A Product Specification File (PSF) can contain Extended Definitions in
the fileset, product or bundle software definitions. They would have
the same level or containment relationship as a file or control_file
definition in the same contaning object.
Extended Definitions represent a minimal, expressive form for
specifying files and file attributes. Their use in a PSF is optional
in that an equivalent PSF can be constructed without using them,
however, their use is encouraged for the sake of brevity and
orthogonality.
The swbis implementation requires that no [ordinary] attributes appear
after Extended Definitions in the containing object, and, requires that
Extended Definitions appear before logically contained objects. That
is, the parser uses the next object keyword to syntacticly and
logically terminate the current object even if the current object has
logically contained objects.
o Extended Control File Definitions
checkinstall source [path]
preinstall source [path]
postinstall source [path]
verify source [path]
fix source [path]
checkremove source [path]
preremove source [path]
postremove source [path]
configure source [path]
unconfigure source [path]
request source [path]
unpreinstall source [path]
unpostinstall source [path]
space source [path]
control_file source [path]
The source attribute defines the location in distributors's development
system where the swpackage utility will find the script. The keyword
is the value of the tag attribute and tells the utilities when to
execute the script. The path attribute is optional and specifies the
file name in the packages distribution relative to the
control_directory for software containing the script. If not given the
tag value is used as the filename.
o Directory Mapping
directory source [destination]
Applies the source attribute as the directory under which the
subsequently listed files are located. If destination is defined it
will be used as a prefix to the path (implied) file definition. source
is typically a temporary or build location and dest is its unrealized
absolute pathname destination.
o Recursive File Definition
file *
Specifies every file in current source directory. The directory
extended definition must be used before the recursive specification.
o Explicit File Definition
file [-t type] [-m mode] [-o owner[,uid]] [-g group[,gid]] [-n] [-v] source [path]
source
source defines the pathname of the file to be used as the source
of file data and/or attributes. If it is a relative path, then
swpackage searches for this file relative to the the source
argument of the directory keyword, if set. If directory keyword
is not set then the search is relative to the current working
directory of the swpackage utility's invocation.
All attributes for the destination file are taken from the
source file, unless a file_permissions keyword is active, or the
-m, -o, or -g options are also included in the file
specification.
path
path defines the destination path where the file will be created
or installed. If it is a relative path, then the destination
path of the of the directory keyword must be active and will be
used as the path prefix. If path is not specified then source
is used as the value of path and directory mapping applied (if
active).
-t type
type may one of 'd' (directory), or 'h' (hard link), or 's'
(symbolic link).
-t d Create a directory.
If path is not specified source is used as the path attribute.
-t h Create a hard link.
path and source are specified. source is used as the value of
the link_source attribute, and path is the value of the path
attribute.
-t s Create a symbolic link.
path and source are specified. source is used as the value of
the link_source attribute, and path is the value of the path
attribute.
-m mode
mode defines the octal mode for the file.
o Default Permission Definition
file_permissions [-m mode] [-u umask] [-o [owner[,]][uid]] [-g [group[,]][gid]]
Applies to subsequently listed file definitions in a fileset. These
attributes will apply where the file attributes were not specified
explicitly in a file definition. Subsequent file_permissions
definitions simply replace previous definitions (resetting all the
options).
To reset the file_permission state (i.e. turn it off) use one of the
following:
file_permissions ""
or the preferred way is
file_permissions -u 000
o Excluding Files
exclude source
Excludes a previously included file or an entire directory.
o Including Files
include <filename
The contents of filename may be more definitions for files. The syntax
of the included file is PSF syntax.
SWBIS PSF CONVENTIONS
This section describes attribute usage and conventions imposed by the
swbis implementation. Not all attributes are listed here. Those that
are have important effects or particular interest.
o Distribution Attributes
The standard defines a limited set of attributes for the distribution
object. An expanded set is suggested by the informative annex however
a conforming implementation is not required act on them. The reason
for this is a distribution may be acted upon by a conforming utility in
such a way that attributes of the distribution become invalid. For
this reason, some attributes that refer to an entire "package" [in
other package managers] are referred from the product object and attain
their broadened scope by the distributor's convention that their
distribution contains just one product.
For example, the package NAME and VERSION are referred from the product
tag and revision, not the distribution's. This convention supports
multiple products in a distribution and is consistent with the
standard.
tag
tag is the short, file system friendly, name of the
distribution. Providing a distribution tag is optional. The
swbis implementation will use this as the [single] path name
prefix if there is no distribution.control_directory attribute.
A distribution tag attribute and swpackage's response to it is
an implementation extension. The leading package path can also
be controlled with the ''-W dir'' option.
control_directory
control_directory, in a distribution object, is the constant
leading package path. Providing this attribute is optional. A
distribution control_directory attribute and swpackage's
response to it is an implementation extension. The leading
package path can also be controlled with the ''-W dir'' option.
This attribute will be generated by swpackage if not set in a
PSF.
o Bundle Attributes
A bundle defines a collection of products whether or not the
distribution has all the products present.
tag
tag is the short, file system friendly, name of the bundle.
This value is used by the swbis implementation as a path name
component in the installed software catalog. If it is not
present the product tag is used.
o Product Attributes
A product defines the software product.
tag
tag is the short, file system friendly, name of the product.
This value is used by the swbis implementation as a path name
component in the installed software catalog. It is required.
The swbis implementation uses it in a way that is analogous to
the RPMTAG_NAME attribute, namely as the public recognizable
name of the package.
control_directory
Is the directory name in the distribution under which the
product contents are located. This value has no affect on the
installed software catalog. If it is not given in a PSF then
the tag is used.
revision
Is the product revision. It should not contain a "RELEASE"
attribute part or other version suffix modifiers. This value is
used by the swbis implementation as a path name component in the
installed software catalog. It is required by swinstall.
vendor_tag
This is a short identifying name of the distributor that
supplied the product and may associate (refer to) a vendor
object from the INDEX file that has a matching tag attribute.
This attribute is optional. This attribute value should strive
to be unique among all distributors. The swbis implementation
modifies the intended usage slightly as a string that strives to
be globally unique for a given product.tag and product.revision.
In this capacity it serves to distinguish products with the same
revision and tag from the same or different distributor. It
most closely maps to the RPMTAG_RELEASE or "debian_revision"
attributes. It is one of the version distinguishing attributes
of a product specified by the standard. It is transfered into
the installed_software catalog (not as a path name component) by
swinstall. If this attribute exists there should also be a
vendor object in the PSF in the distribution object that has
this tag. This attribute is assigned the value of
RPMTAG_RELEASE by swpackage when translating an RPM.
architecture
This string is one of the version attributes. It is used to
disambiguate products that have the same tag, revision and
vendor_tag. It is not used for determining a products
compatibility with a host. The form is implementation defined.
swbis uses the output of GNU config.guess as the value of this
string. A wildcard pattern should not be used. The canonical
swbis architecture string can be listed with swlist. For example
swlist -a architecture @ localhost
Here are some example outputs from real systems.
System `uname -srm` architecture
Red Hat 8.0: Linux 2.4.18 i686 i686-pc-linux-gnu
OpenSolaris: SunOS 5.11 i86pc i386-pc-solaris2.11
NetBSD 3.1: NetBSD 3.1 i386 i386-unknown-netbsdelf3.1
Red Hat 4.1: Linux 2.0.36 i586 i586-pc-linux-gnulibc1
Debian 3.1: Linux 2.6.8-2-386 i686 i686-pc-linux-gnu
os_name os_release os_version machine_type
These attributes are used to determine compatibility with a
host. They correspond to the uname attributes defined by
POSIX.1. If an value is nil or non-existent it is assumed to
match the host. All attributes must match for there to be
compatibility. Distributors may wish to make these values a
shell pattern in their PSF's so to match the intended collection
of hosts. swbis uses fnmatch (with FLAGS=0) to determine a
match.
o Fileset Attributes
A fileset defines the fileset.
tag
tag is the short, file system friendly, name of the fileset. It
is required although selection of filesets is not yet supported
therefore the end user will have little to do with the fileset
tag.
control_directory
Is the directory name in the product under which the fileset
contents are located. This value has no affect on the installed
software catalog. If it is not given in a PSF then the tag is
used.
o Example Source Package PSF
This PSF packages every file is current directory. It uses nil control
directories so the package structure does not change relative to a
vanilla tarball.
distribution
description "fooit - a program from fooware
that does everything."
title "fooit - a really cool program"
COPYING < /usr/local/fooware/legalstuff/COPYING
vendor
the_term_vendor_is_misleading false
tag fooware
title fooware Consultancy Services, Inc.
description ""
vendor
the_term_vendor_is_misleading true
tag myfixes1
title Bug fixes, Set 1
description "a place for more detailed description"
product
tag fooit
control_directory ""
revision 1.0
vendor_tag myfixes1 # Matches the vendor object above
fileset
tag fooit-SOURCE
control_directory ""
directory .
file *
exclude catalog
o Example Runtime (Binary) Package PSF
This is a sample PSF for a runtime package. It implies multiple
products (e.g. sub-packages) using the bundle.contents attribute.
Since the bundle and product tags exist in a un-regulated namespace and
are seen by end users they should be carefully chosen. Note that the
bundle and product have the same tag which may force downstream users
to disambiguate using software selection syntax such as fooit,bv=* or
fooit,pv=* .
distribution
description "fooit - a program from fooware
that does everything."
title "fooit - a really cool program"
COPYING < /usr/local/fooware/legalstuff/COPYING
vendor
the_term_vendor_is_misleading false
tag fooware
title fooware Consultancy Services, Inc.
description "Provider of the programs
that do everything"
vendor
the_term_vendor_is_misleading true
tag fw0
title fooware fixes
description "More fixes from the fooware users"
# Bundle definition: Use a bundle
bundle
tag fooit
vendor_tag fooware
contents fooit,v=fw0 fooit-devel fooit-doc
# Product definition:
product
tag fooit # This is the package name
revision 1.0 # This is the package version
vendor_tag fw0 # This is a release name e.g. RPMTAG_RELEASE
postinstall scripts/postinstall
fileset
tag fooit-RUN
file doc/man/man1/fooit.1 /usr/man/man1/fooit.1
file src/fooit /usr/bin/fooit
POSIX.1, IEEE Std 1387.2-1995 (Identical to ISO 15068-2:1999), Open
Group CAE C701.
XDSA C701 http://www.opengroup.org/publications/catalog/c701.htm
info swbis
sw(5)
swpackage(8)
swbisparse(1) -- An implementation extension parser utility.
Copyright (C) 2004,2005 Jim Lowe
Version: 1.13
Last Updated: 2006年07月01日
Copying Terms: GNU Free Documentation License
None
swpackage(5)