C++ language
noexcept
specifier (C++11)This is a reference of the core C++ language constructs.
Comments
ASCII chart
Punctuation
Names and identifiers
Types –
Fundamental types
Object –
Scope –
Lifetime
Definitions and ODR
Name lookup
qualified – unqualified (ADL)
As-if rule
Undefined behavior (UB)
Memory – Multithread (C++11)
Character sets and encodings
Phases of translation
The main
function
Modules (C++20)
Contracts (C++26)
#if
- #ifdef
- #ifndef
- #elif
#elifdef
- #elifndef
(C++23)
#define
- #
- ##
#include
-
#pragma
#line
-
#error
#warning
(C++23)
Value categories
Evaluation order
Constant expressions
Operators
assignment –
arithmetic
increment and decrement
logical –
comparison
member access
call, comma, ternary
sizeof
– alignof
(C++11)
new
– delete
– typeid
alternative representation
Default comparisons (C++20)
Operator precedence
Conversions
implicit – explicit
user-defined
Usual arithmetic conversions
static_cast
– dynamic_cast
const_cast
reinterpret_cast
Literals (Escape sequences)
boolean –
integer –
floating
character –
string
nullptr
(C++11)
user-defined (UDL) (C++11)
Conflicting declarations
Storage duration and linkage
Translation-unit-local (C++20)
Language linkage
Namespace declaration
Namespace alias
References –
Pointers –
Arrays
Structured bindings (C++17)
Enumerations and enumerators
inline
specifier
Inline assembly
const
/volatile
constexpr
(C++11)
consteval
(C++20)
constinit
(C++20)
decltype
(C++11)
auto
(C++11)
typedef
– Type alias (C++11)
Elaborated type specifiers
Attributes (C++11)
alignas
(C++11)
static_assert
(C++11)
Default-initialization
Value-initialization
Copy-initialization
Direct-initialization
Aggregate initialization
List-initialization (C++11)
Reference initialization
Static non-local initialization
zero – constant
Dynamic non-local initialization
ordered – unordered
Copy elision (RVO)
Function declaration
Default arguments
Variadic arguments
Lambda expression (C++11)
Overload resolution
Operator overloading
Address of an overload set
Coroutines (C++20)
Replacement functions
if
–
switch
for
–
range-for
(C++11)
while
– do
-while
continue
–
break
goto
–
return
contract_assert
(C++26)
synchronized
/atomic
(TM TS)
Class types –
Union types
injected-class-name
Data members –
Bit-fields
Member functions –
The this
pointer
Static members –
Nested classes
Derived class –
using
-declaration
Empty base optimization (EBO)
Virtual function –
Abstract class (ABC)
override
(C++11) – final
(C++11)
Member access –
friend
Constructors and member initializer lists
Default constructor –
Destructor
Copy constructor –
Copy assignment
Move constructor (C++11)
Move assignment (C++11)
Converting constructor
explicit
specifier
Template parameters
Template arguments
Class template –
Function template
Variable template (C++14)
Class member template
Template argument deduction
function –
class (CTAD) (C++17)
Explicit specialization – Partial specialization
Packs (C++11) – sizeof...
(C++11)
Fold expressions (C++17)
Pack indexing (C++26)
Dependent names –
SFINAE
Constraints and concepts (C++20)
Requires expression (C++20)
try
block
Throwing exceptions
Handling exceptions
Exception specification
noexcept
specification (C++11)
Dynamic specification (until C++17*)
noexcept
operator (C++11)
Miscellaneous
History of C++
Extending the namespace std
Acronyms:
AFO,
CPO,
IFNDR,
NDR,
NTBS,
NTTP,
RAO,
SOCCC,
TMP,
TU
Idioms