stiffness


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Related to stiffness: Joint stiffness

stiff

(stĭf)
adj. stiff·er, stiff·est
1. Difficult to bend or fold: stiff new shoes; a stiff collar.
2.
a. Not moving or operating easily or freely; resistant: a stiff hinge.
b. Lacking ease or comfort of movement; not limber: a stiff neck.
3. Not liquid, loose, or fluid; thick: stiff dough.
4.
a. Reserved in manner or strict in observing decorum: a stiff commanding officer.
b. Lacking grace or easy charm; very formal: a stiff writing style.
5. Firm, as in purpose; resolute: stiff in their opposition.
6. Having a strong, swift, steady force or movement: a stiff current; a stiff breeze.
7. Potent or strong: a stiff drink.
8.
a. Difficult to deal with, do, or meet: stiff requirements for admission; a stiff examination.
b. Harsh or severe: a stiff penalty.
c. Excessively high or onerous: a stiff price.
9. Nautical Not heeling over much in spite of great wind or the press of the sail.
adv.
1. In a stiff manner: frozen stiff.
2. To a complete extent; totally: bored stiff.
n. Slang
1. A corpse.
2. A person regarded as constrained, priggish, or overly formal.
3. A drunk.
4. A person: a lucky stiff; just an ordinary working stiff.
5. A hobo; a tramp.
6. A person who tips poorly.
tr.v. stiffed, stiff·ing, stiffs Slang
1. To tip (someone) inadequately or not at all, as for a service rendered: paid the dinner check but stiffed the waiter.
2.
a. To cheat (someone) of something owed: My roommate stiffed me out of last month's rent.
b. To fail to give or supply (something expected or promised).

[Middle English, from Old English stīf.]

stiff′ish adj.
stiff′ly adv.
stiff′ness n.
Synonyms: stiff, rigid, inflexible, inelastic, tense1
These adjectives describe what is very firm and does not easily bend or give way. Stiff, the least specific, refers to what can be flexed only with difficulty (a brush with stiff bristles); with reference to persons it often suggests a lack of ease, cold formality, or fixity, as of purpose: "stiff in opinions" (John Dryden).
Rigid and inflexible apply to what cannot be bent without damage or deformation (a table of rigid plastic; an inflexible knife blade); figuratively they describe what does not relent or yield: "under the dictates of a rigid disciplinarian" (Thomas B. Aldrich)."In religion the law is written, and inflexible, never to do evil" (Oliver Goldsmith).
Inelastic refers largely to what will not stretch and spring back without marked physical change: inelastic construction materials. By extension it implies an absence of change in the face of changing circumstances: "My little pension is woefully inelastic" (Flann O'Brien).
Tense means stretched tight and figuratively applies to what is marked by tautness or strain: "that tense moment of expectation" (Arnold Bennett).
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun 1. stiffness - the physical property of being inflexible and hard to bend
inelasticity - the lack of elasticity
2. stiffness - the property of moving with pain or difficulty; "he awoke with a painful stiffness in his neck"
clumsiness, awkwardness - the carriage of someone whose movements and posture are ungainly or inelegant
3. stiffness - firm resoluteness in purpose or opinion or action; "a charming host without any touch of stiffness or pomposity"
firmness of purpose, resoluteness, resolve, firmness, resolution - the trait of being resolute; "his resoluteness carried him through the battle"; "it was his unshakeable resolution to finish the work"
4. [画像:stiffness - the inelegance of someone stiff and unrelaxed (as by embarrassment)]stiffness - the inelegance of someone stiff and unrelaxed (as by embarrassment)
inelegance - the quality of lacking refinement and good taste
woodenness - the quality of being wooden and awkward; "he criticized the woodenness of the acting"; "there was a certain woodenness in his replies"
gaucherie, rusticity - the quality of being rustic or gauche
5. stiffness - excessive sternness; "severity of character"; "the harshness of his punishment was inhuman"; "the rigors of boot camp"
sternness, strictness - uncompromising resolution
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
Translations
صَلابَه
ztuhlostupjatost
stivhedunaturlighed
Steifheit Steifigkeit
stífni
sertliksoğukluk

stiffness

[ˈstɪfnɪs] N
1. (= rigidness) [of card, paper, chair, collar, fabric] → rigidez f, dureza f; [of boots, brush] → dureza f
2. (= firmness) [of paste, mixture] → lo compacto, consistencia f
3. (Physiol) [of joints, muscles, limbs] → entumecimiento m, agarrotamiento m; [of fingers] → agarrotamiento m
stiffness in or of the necktortícolis f (sometimes m)
the stiffness you feel after exerciselas agujetas que sientes después de hacer ejercicio
4. (= unresponsiveness) [of door, drawer, lock] → dificultad f en abrirse
5. (= coldness, formality) [of smile, bow, atmosphere, person, manner] → frialdad f
6. (= toughness) [of climb, test] → dificultad f; [of penalty, sentence, fine] → severidad f; [of resistance] → tenacidad f; [of opposition, competition] → dureza f
7. (= strength) [of breeze] → fuerza f
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

stiffness

[ˈstɪfnɪs] n
[card, paper, material] → rigidité f
[muscles, joints] → raideur f
[manner, behaviour] → côté m guindé
[sentence, fine, penalty] → sévérité f
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

stiffness

n
Steifheit f; (of corpse also)Starre f; (of brush)Härte f; (of dough, paste)Festigkeit f
(of resistance, opposition, dose)Stärke f; (of fight)Zähigkeit f; (of sentence, challenge, competition)Härte f; (of breeze)Steifheit f; (of climb, test, task)Schwierigkeit f; (of penalty, punishment)Schwere f; (of price, demand)Höhe f
(of door, lock, drawer)Klemmen nt
(of person, bow, manner)Steifheit f
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

stiffness

[ˈstɪfnɪs] n (gen) → rigidità ; (of punishment) → durezza ; (of climb) → difficoltà ; (of back) → indolenzimento ; (of manner) → freddezza ; (of resolution) → fermezza
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

stiff

(stif) adjective
1. rigid or firm, and not easily bent, folded etc. He has walked with a stiff leg since he injured his knee; stiff cardboard. styf صَلْب، يابِس вдървен rígido tuhý; nepohyblivý steif stiv δύσκαμπτος, σκληρός rígido, tieso jäik انعطاف ناپذير jäykkä raide נוּקשֶׁה सुस्थिर ukočen, krut merev kaku stífur rigido; indolenzito こわばった 빳빳한 kietas, nelankstus, tvirtas stīvs; ciets tegar stijf stiv sztywny rígido ţea­păn, rigid негнущийся tuhý; tvrdý tog ukočen stel, styv ที่หักได้ยาก sert, katı 堅硬的,不易彎曲的 тугий, негнучкий سخت cứng 坚硬的,不易弯曲的
2. moving, or moved, with difficulty, pain etc. I can't turn the key – the lock is stiff; I woke up with a stiff neck; I felt stiff the day after the climb. styf مُتَصَلِّب، مُنْقَبِض схванат duro nepoddajný, ztuhlý steif stiv μαγκωμένος, πιασμένος duro kange خشك jäykkä dur; raide תפוס रूढ़ा, रूक्ष, शुष्क, औपचारिक težak, ukočen nehezen mozgó; mindene fáj kaku stífur rigido, duro; indolenzito なめらかに動かない 뻣뻣한 užstrigęs, sustingęs, nepajudinamas stingrs; stīvs sakit stijf stiv; støl działający opornie, sztywny duro dur; rigid тугой; онемелый stuhnutý, zdrevenelý trd ukočen stel, trög เคลื่อนไหวได้ยาก tutuk, oynamayan 難動的 закостенілий, здерев'янілий بے لوچ cứng rắn 难动的
3. (of a cooking mixture etc) thick, and not flowing. a stiff dough. styf كَثيف، دَبِق، جامِد гъст espesso tuhý zäh stiv σφιχτός espeso tihke پر ملاط paksu consistant סמיך गाढ़ा gust sűrű kental þykkur denso, spesso, consistente かた練りの (요리 등이) 뻑뻑한 tirštas, kietas biezs keras stijf stiv, tykk gęsty espesso consistent густой; крутой tuhý gost čvrst trög, tjock ข้น koyu, katı 稠的 щільний, густий گاڑھا đặc, quánh 稠的
4. difficult to do. a stiff examination. moeilik شاق، صَعْب труден difícil těžký schwierig svær δύσκολος, ζόρικος difícil raske دشوار vaikea difficile קשה कठिन, दु:साध्य težak, naporan nehéz sulit erfiður difficile むずかしい 어려운 sunkus grūts sukar moeilijk vanskelig, streng ciężki, trudny difícil dificil трудный prísny, ťažký težaven težak svår, besvärlig ยากที่จะทํา zor 艱難的 важкий دشوار khó làm, khó khăn 艰难的
5. strong. a stiff breeze. sterk شَديد، قَوي силен forte ostrý steif stærk δυνατός fuerte kõva قوي voimakas fort חזק कठोर कक्ष jak, žestok erős kuat allmikill, stífur forte 強い 강한 stiprus stiprs; spēcīgs kuat stijf sterk, stiv silny forte puternic сильный ostrý močan jak styv, hård แข็ง kuvvetli 強烈的 сильний کرخت thổi mạnh 强烈的
6. (of a person or his manner etc) formal and unfriendly. I received a stiff note from the bank manager. onvriendelik, formeel رَسْمي وَغَيْر وُدّي хладен formal strohý steif streng; skrap τυπικός, ψυχρός frío, formal, estirado jäik, ebasõbralik رسمي jäykkä froid חריף तना हुआ nadut, formalan kimért, hűvös tegas ópersónulegur, ólipur freddo 堅苦しい 딱딱한, 뻣뻣한 oficialus, formalus oficiāls; formāls; vēss tegas stijf stiv, formell chłodny formal rece чопорный strohý zadržan formalan stel, kylig, formell ที่ควบคุมอย่างเข้มงวด resmî, soğuk 嚴厲的,不友善的 натягнутий, холодний اکھڑ یا ضدی không thân mật 严厉的,不友好的
ˈstiffly adverb
styf بِصَلابَه твърдо inflexivelmente upjatě steif stift; svært; stærkt; strengt; skrapt δύσκολα, δύσκαμπτα, ψυχρά, τυπικά rígidamente jäigalt با حالت خشك و رسمي jäykästi avec raideur בְּנוֹקשוּת सख्ती से, औपचारिकता से, कठोरतापूर्वक, कठिनाई से ukočeno mereven; kimérten; makacsul secara kaku af stífni rigidamente 堅苦しく 뻣뻣하게 stipriai stīvi; cieti; formāli dengan tegas stijf stivt, formelt sztywno, chłodno inflexivelmente cu rigiditate чопорно upäto togo kruto stelt อย่างแข็ง; อย่างยากลําบาก sert şekilde; soğuk 強烈地 натягнуто, холодно سختی سے cứng, không thân mật, kiên quyết 强烈地
ˈstiffness noun
styfheid صَلابَه твърдост rigidez upjatost; ztuhlost die Steifheit stivhed; unaturlighed δυσκολία, δυσκαμψία, ψυχρότητα, τυπικότητα rigidez jäikus حالت خشك و رسمي jäykkyys raideur נוֹקשוּת कठोरता, सख्ती, औपचारिकता, कठोरता krutost, ukočenost merevség, feszesség, keménység kekakuan stífni rigidezza 堅苦しさ 뻣뻣함 oficialumas stīvums; formalitāte ketegasan stijfheid stivhet; formalitet uczucie sztywności rigidez rigiditate чопорность upätosť; nehybnosť togost krutost stelhet ความแข็งทื่อไม่หยืดหยุ่น sertlik; soğukluk 僵硬 негнучкість; здерев'янілість سختی sự cứng, không thân mật, kiên quyết 僵硬
ˈstiffen verb
to make or become stiff(er). You can stiffen cotton with starch; He stiffened when he heard the unexpected sound. styf word يَتَصَلَّب втвърдявам се retesar(-se) vyztužit; ztuhnout steifen stive; stivne σκληραίνω, κοκαλώνω, γίνομαι άκαμπτος fortalecer, endurecer, poner rígido kõvendama, kangestuma خشك كردن jäykistää raidir לִקפוֹא עַל מְקוֹמוֹ कड़ा बनाना, कठोर बनाना, दु:खदायी होना ukrutiti, ukočiti (meg)merevít membuat kaku gera (e-ð) stíft; stífna irrigidire, irrigidirsi こわばらせる 뻣뻣하게 만들다, 굳어지다 (su)kietinti, standinti, sustingti iecietināt; sastingt menjadi keras verstijven stivne, gjøre stiv, avstive sztywnieć, usztywniać entesar(-se) a (se) încorda придавать жесткость; напрячься vystužiť; stuhnúť otrditi ukrutiti [få att] stelna, stelna till ทําให้แข็งทื่อ sertleş(tir)mek, kasılmak 變硬,使呆板 ставати чи робити негнучким سخت اور مضبوط بنانا làm cứng, củng cố 变硬,使呆板
ˈstiffening noun
material used to stiffen something. The collar has some stiffening in it. styfsel مادَّةٌ تُصَلِّب втвърдител reforço výztuž die Versteifung stivelse υλικό κολαρίσματος refuerzo kõvendus(materjal) خشك كن jäykiste empois מַקשִיחַ स्तंभन krućenje, sredstvo za skrućivanje keményítő kain keras stífelsi rinforzo 강화제 standinanti medžiaga stīvinātājs; stīvdrēbe pengeras versteviging stivelsesmiddel sztywnik reforço apret жёсткая прокладка výstuž trdilec materijal za ukrućivanje styvningsmedel วัตถุดิบบางอย่างที่ทําให้แข็งทื่อ sertleştirici, telâ 使...變硬挺的材料 те, що надає жорсткості کسی چیز کو سخت بنانے کے لیے استعمال ہونے والا مادہ chất hồ cứng 加固物,(使衣服等)变硬的材料
bore/scare stiff
to bore or frighten very much. baie verveeld, baie bang يموتُ من الرُّعْب умирам от скука/страх aborrecer/assustar muito nudit/vyděsit k smrti zu Tode gelangweilt/erschrocken kede livet af sig; være dødbange βαριέμαι ή τρομάζω μέχρι θανάτου aburrirse como una ostra; estar muerto de miedo tüütama, surnuks ehmatama ترس بوجود آوردن pelästyttää, ikävystyttää kuoliaaksi ennuyer à mourir; faire une peur bleue à לְהַפחִיד थकाना nasmrt, strašno (prestrašiti, dosađivati) halálra untat/rémít sangat membosankan drepa úr leiðindum; gera dauðhræddan (annoiare a morte); (spaventare a morte) ひどく退屈させる 질겁하게 하다 mirtinai įkyrėti, mirtinai išgąsdinti garlaikot līdz nāvei; pārbiedēt stīvu menjadi takut gruwelijk vervelen, doodsbang maken kjede livet av seg; være livredd śmiertelnie nudzić/przestraszyć aborrecer/assustar de morte a se plictisi de moarte; a muri de frică надоесть, напугать до смерти nudiť na smrť; vystrašiť sa smrť na smrt dolgočasiti/prestrašiti prestrašiti tråka ut ngn fullständigt/skrämma vettet ur ngn ทําให้กังวลหรือหวาดกลัวมาก can sıkıntısından patlatmak/ödünü koparmak 嚇呆 налякати до смерті بہت زیادہ خوف زدہ کرنا sợ chết cứng 吓呆
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

stiffness

n rigidez f; morning — rigidez matutina (form), rigidez en la mañana
English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
References in classic literature ?
A look of severity, or harshness even, a sort of stiffness, which, with inferiors, was pride, with superiors an affectation of superior virtue; a surly cast of countenance upon all occasions, even when looking at himself in a glass alone -- such is the exterior of this personage.
He did not sing like a trained singer who knows he is listened to, but like the birds, evidently giving vent to the sounds in the same way that one stretches oneself or walks about to get rid of stiffness, and the sounds were always high-pitched, mournful, delicate, and almost feminine, and his face at such times was very serious.
Then I tossed it up and down several times to get the aching stiffness out of my neck.
Bingley had never met with more pleasant people or prettier girls in his life; everybody had been most kind and attentive to him; there had been no formality, no stiffness; he had soon felt acquainted with all the room; and, as to Miss Bennet, he could not conceive an angel more beautiful.
I should like to have seen a gallery of coronation beauties, at Westminster Abbey, confronted for a moment by this band of island girls; their stiffness, formality, and affectation, contrasted with the artless vivacity and unconcealed natural graces of these savage maidens.
Sabin said, with a certain amount of stiffness. "The Countess is a very dear friend of mine, and you must forgive me now if I say that I prefer not to discuss her any longer."
All the stiffness and gloss had gone out of his beautiful furry coat.
Madame Ratignolle begged Robert to accompany her to the house; she complained of cramp in her limbs and stiffness of the joints.
There was a bountiful supper, and the presence of the young people robbed it of all possible stiffness. Aunt Jane helped clear the table and put away the food, while Miranda entertained in the parlor; but Rebecca and the infant Burches washed the dishes and held high carnival in the kitchen, doing only trifling damage--breaking a cup and plate that had been cracked before, emptying a silver spoon with some dishwater out of the back door (an act never permitted at the brick house), and putting coffee grounds in the sink.
"Senor Florismarte here?" said the curate; "then by my faith he must take up his quarters in the yard, in spite of his marvellous birth and visionary adventures, for the stiffness and dryness of his style deserve nothing else; into the yard with him and the other, mistress housekeeper."
There could be seen a certain stiffness in the movements of his body, as if he were taking infinite care not to arouse the passion of his wounds.
You could see by the shortness of Josy's dress that she was very young indeed, and at first this made him shy, as he always is when introduced formally to little girls, and he stood sucking his thumb, and so did she, but soon the stiffness wore off and they sat together on the sofa, holding each other's hands.