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■しかくDefinition of the Poor

A person who is not able to maintain a wholesome and cultured standard of living due to poverty

Source:Public Assistance Act
http://eiyaku.hounavi.jp/eigo/s25a14401.php

Cf. The Right to Live
Article 25 of the Japanese Constitution
1. All people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living.
2. In all spheres of life, the State shall use its endeavors for the promotion and extension of social welfare and security, and of public health.

■しかくWHO

◆だいやまーくHASHIGUCHI Shoji (橋口 昌治)
◆だいやまーくIWATA Masami (岩田正美)
◆だいやまーくOKA Keinosuke
◆だいやまーくSUGIMURA Hiroshi (杉村宏)
◆だいやまーくTACHIBANAKI Toshiaki (橘木 俊詔)

■しかくLiterature in Japanese

◆だいやまーくOKA Keinosuke March 31, 2012 "Capability Approach as a Framework of Poverty Measurement: Some Suggestions about Procedures of Poverty Measurement"
Core Ethics 8:75-85 [PDF]

◆だいやまーくMIYAMOTO Taro November 21, 2009 Life Security: Toward the Society that does not Eliminate (『生活保障――排除しない社会へ』)Iwanami Shoten, 234p. ISBN-10: 4004312167 ISBN-13: 978-4004312161 840yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくMICHINAKA Ryu November 10, 2009 Public Assistance and Japanese Style Working Poor (『生活保護と日本型ワーキングプア―貧困の固定化と世代間継承』)Minerva Shobo, 199p. ISBN-10: 462305277X ISBN-13: 978-4623052776 2310yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくHARADA Yutaka September 26, 2009 Why Are Many People Poor in Japan?: Economics of "Surprising Facts" (『日本はなぜ貧しい人が多いのか――「意外な事実」の経済学』) Shinchosha, 284p. ISBN-10: 4106036487 ISBN-13: 978-4106036484 1260yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくHASHIGUCHI Shoji September 10, 2009 "Introduction of Books on Gaps and Poverty", pp.241-311
TATEIWA Shin'ya, MURAKAMI Shinji & HASHIGUCHI Shoji Repairing the Tax (『税を直す』) ISBN-10: 4791764935 ISBN-13: 978-4791764938 2310yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくAMAMIYA Karin, NAKAJIMA Takeshi, MIYAMOTO Taro, YAMAGUCHI Jiro & YUASA Makoto April 22, 2009 Politics toward Antipoverty (『脱「貧困」への政治』)Iwanami Shoten, 61p. ISBN-10: 4000094548 ISBN-13: 978-4000094542 504yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくTATEIWA Shin'ya, BITO Hiroki & OKAMOTO Atsushi March 10, 2009 The Right to Live Doseisha, 141p. ISBN-10:4886214789 ISBN-13:978-4886214782 1470yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくKOMAMURA Kohei January 25, 2009 Society with Huge Poverty (『大貧困社会』), Kadokawa SS Communications, 202p. ISBN-10: 4827550581 ISBN-13: 978-4827550580 819yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくAMAMIYA Karin & KAYANO Toshihito July 20, 2008 On "Difficulties of Living": Poverty, Identity and Nationalism (『「生きづらさ」について』), Kobunsha, 216p. ISBN-10: 4334034616 ISBN-13: 978-4334034610 798yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくNISHIKAWA Jun June 5, 2008 Databook Poverty (『データブック貧困』)Iwanami Shoten, 79p. ISBN-10: 4000094300 ISBN-13: 978-4000094306 504yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくYUASA Makoto April 22, 2008 Anti-poverty (『反貧困』)Iwanami Shoten 226p. ISBN-10: 4004311241 ISBN-13: 978-4004311249 777yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくOYAMA Norihiro January 16, 2008 Public Assistance vs Working Poor (『生活保護VSワーキングプア――若者に広がる貧困』)PHP Kenkyujyo, 251p. ISBN-10: 4569697135 ISBN-13: 978-4569697130 756yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくSUGIMURA Hiroshi October 24, 2007 Gap, Poverty and Public Assistance (『格差・貧困と生活保護』)Akashi Shoten, 230p. ISBN-10: 4750326593 ISBN-13: 978-4750326597 1890yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくIWATA Masami May 2007 Modern Poverty: Working Poor/Homeless/Public Assistance (『現代の貧困――ワーキングプア/ホームレス/生活保護』)Chikuma Shobo, 221p. ISBN-10: 4480063625 ISBN-13: 978-4480063625 735yen [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

■しかくLiterature in English

◆だいやまーくYUASA Makoto September 4, 2009 "Japan's Anti-Poverty Policies in Need of Change After 50 Years of Stagnation"
http://www.tokyofoundation.org/en/articles/2009/japan2019s-anti-poverty-policies-in-need-of-change-after-50-years-of-stagnation

◆だいやまーくOECD December 18, 2008 Jobs for Youth/Des Emplois pour les jeunes : JAPAN 2009 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 132p. ISBN-10: 9264055991 ISBN-13: 978-9264055995 [amazon]/[kinokuniya]

◆だいやまーくOECD October 2008 "Are We Growing Unequal?: New Evidence on Changes in Poverty and Incomes over the Past 20 Years"
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/48/56/41494435.pdf

◆だいやまーくGENDA Yuji 2007 "Jobless Youths and the NEET Problem in Japan", Social Science Japan Journal 10:23-40
http://ssjj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/10/1/23

◆だいやまーくTACHIBANAKI Toshiaki March 2006 "Inequality and Poverty in Japan", The Japanese Economic Review 57(1):1-27
http://www.pucsp.br/geap/textodocalendario/tachibanaki.pdf

■しかくNewspaper Articles etc.

◆だいやまーくOctober 21, 2009 "First Ever Poverty Rate Released by Ministry Stands at Relatively High 15.7%" (The Japan Times)
http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20091021a3.html

◆だいやまーくOctober 20, 2009 "One in Six Japanese Living in Poverty: Survey" (AFP)
http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hT_bXvi0R7kJPuft8LSyfjcqt-aQ

◆だいやまーくOctober 20, 2009 "Japan Govt's Poverty Data Signals Policy Shift" (Business Week)
http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/blog/eyeonasia/archives/2009/10/japan_govts_pov.html

◆だいやまーくOctober 19, 2009 "One Step toward Reality Check of Poverty Rate and Analysis of its Details: Causative Factors and Processes" (The Kyoto Shimbun)

◆だいやまーくOctober 14, 2009 "Let's Think about Youth Poverty--Employment, Residence and Safety Net: A series of seminars organized by union members and graduate students start from October 17 in Nakagyo Ward" (The Kyoto Shimbun)

◆だいやまーくMay 19, 2009 "Rising Poverty in Japan" (The Japan Times)
http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/ed20090519a2.html

◆だいやまーくJuly 28, 2006 "The Face of Poverty Ages In Rapidly Graying Japan" (The Washington Post)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/27/AR2006072701856.html

◆だいやまーくJuly 20, 2006 "OECD Concerned About Rising Poverty in Japan" (Voice of America)
http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2006-07/2006-07-20-voa15.cfm?moddate=2006年07月20日

◆だいやまーくJune 19, 2004 "Being NEET not so Neat for Nation's Youth" (The Japan Times)
http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20040619f2.html

■しかくTheme-related Links

◆だいやまーくAnnual Health, Labour and Welfare Report 2007-2008
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/wp/wp-hw2/index.html

◆だいやまーくAnnual Reports on Health and Welfare 1998-1999 Social Security and National Life
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/wp/wp-hw/index.html

◆だいやまーくCountry Note Japan
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/45/58/41527388.pdf

◆だいやまーくEconomic Survey of Japan 2006: Income Inequality, Poverty and Social Spending
http://www.oecd.org/document/38/0,3343,en_2649_34321_37130854_1_1_1_1,00.html

◆だいやまーくEmployment measures in Post-Financial Crisis Japan (July 2009)
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/za/0728/d04/d04-02.pdf

◆だいやまーくIncome Distribution-Poverty
http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=POVERTY

◆だいやまーくIncome Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries in the Second Half of the 1990s
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/48/9/34483698.pdf

◇Irregular Employment

◆だいやまーくProfessor Angus Maddison
http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/

◇Public Assistance

◆だいやまーくWorld Development Indicators 2009
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:21725423~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html