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Standard library header <cwchar>

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | header
 
 
Standard library headers
<cuchar> (C++11)
<cwchar>
<string_view> (C++17)
<codecvt> (C++11/17/26*)
<regex> (C++11)
<text_encoding> (C++26)   
<cfenv> (C++11)
<linalg> (C++26)
<numbers> (C++20)
<random> (C++11)
<simd> (C++26)
<stdckdint.h> (C++26)
<chrono> (C++11)
<ccomplex> (C++11/17/20*)
<ciso646> (until C++20)
<cstdalign> (C++11/17/20*)
<cstdbool> (C++11/17/20*)
<ctgmath> (C++11/17/20*)
 

This header was originally in the C standard library as <wchar.h>.

This header is part of the null-terminated wide and multibyte strings libraries. It also provides some C-style I/O functions and conversion from C-style Date.

[edit] Macros

implementation-defined null pointer constant
(macro constant) [edit]
WEOF
a non-character value of type std::wint_t used to indicate errors
(macro constant)
WCHAR_MIN
the smallest valid value of wchar_t
(macro constant)
WCHAR_MAX
the largest valid value of wchar_t
(macro constant)

[edit] Types

conversion state information necessary to iterate multibyte character strings
(class) [edit]
unsigned integer type returned by the sizeof operator
(typedef) [edit]
wint_t integer type that can hold any valid wide character and at least one more value
calendar time type
(class) [edit]

[edit] Functions

String manipulation
copies one wide string to another
(function) [edit]
copies a certain amount of wide characters from one string to another
(function) [edit]
appends a copy of one wide string to another
(function) [edit]
appends a certain amount of wide characters from one wide string to another
(function) [edit]
transform a wide string so that wcscmp would produce the same result as wcscoll
(function) [edit]
String examination
returns the length of a wide string
(function) [edit]
compares two wide strings
(function) [edit]
compares a certain amount of characters from two wide strings
(function) [edit]
compares two wide strings in accordance to the current locale
(function) [edit]
finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide string
(function) [edit]
finds the last occurrence of a wide character in a wide string
(function) [edit]
returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists
of only the wide characters found in another wide string
(function) [edit]
returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists
of only the wide not found in another wide string
(function) [edit]
finds the first location of any wide character in one wide string, in another wide string
(function) [edit]
finds the first occurrence of a wide string within another wide string
(function) [edit]
finds the next token in a wide string
(function) [edit]
Wide character array manipulation
copies a certain amount of wide characters between two non-overlapping arrays
(function) [edit]
copies a certain amount of wide characters between two, possibly overlapping, arrays
(function) [edit]
compares a certain amount of wide characters from two arrays
(function) [edit]
finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide character array
(function) [edit]
copies the given wide character to every position in a wide character array
(function) [edit]
Multibyte/wide character conversion
checks if the std::mbstate_t object represents initial shift state
(function) [edit]
widens a single-byte narrow character to wide character, if possible
(function) [edit]
narrows a wide character to a single-byte narrow character, if possible
(function) [edit]
returns the number of bytes in the next multibyte character, given state
(function) [edit]
converts the next multibyte character to wide character, given state
(function) [edit]
converts a wide character to its multibyte representation, given state
(function) [edit]
converts a narrow multibyte character string to wide string, given state
(function) [edit]
converts a wide string to narrow multibyte character string, given state
(function) [edit]
Input/Output
gets a wide character from a file stream
(function) [edit]
gets a wide string from a file stream
(function) [edit]
writes a wide character to a file stream
(function) [edit]
writes a wide string to a file stream
(function) [edit]
reads a wide character from stdin
(function) [edit]
writes a wide character to stdout
(function) [edit]
puts a wide character back into a file stream
(function) [edit]
switches a file stream between wide character I/O and narrow character I/O
(function) [edit]
reads formatted wide character input from stdin , a file stream or a buffer
(function) [edit]
(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
reads formatted wide character input from stdin , a file stream
or a buffer using variable argument list
(function) [edit]
prints formatted wide character output to stdout , a file stream or a buffer
(function) [edit]
prints formatted wide character output to stdout , a file stream
or a buffer using variable argument list
(function) [edit]
String conversions
converts a std::tm object to custom wide string textual representation
(function) [edit]
converts a wide string to an integer value
(function) [edit]
converts a wide string to an unsigned integer value
(function) [edit]
converts a wide string to a floating-point value
(function) [edit]

[edit] Notes

[edit] Synopsis

namespace std {
 using size_t = /* see description */; // freestanding
 using mbstate_t = /* see description */; // freestanding
 using wint_t = /* see description */; // freestanding
 
 struct tm;
 
 int fwprintf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, ...);
 int fwscanf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, ...);
 int swprintf(wchar_t* s, size_t n, const wchar_t* format, ...);
 int swscanf(const wchar_t* s, const wchar_t* format, ...);
 int vfwprintf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int vfwscanf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int vswprintf(wchar_t* s, size_t n, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int vswscanf(const wchar_t* s, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int vwprintf(const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int vwscanf(const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
 int wprintf(const wchar_t* format, ...);
 int wscanf(const wchar_t* format, ...);
 wint_t fgetwc(FILE* stream);
 wchar_t* fgetws(wchar_t* s, int n, FILE* stream);
 wint_t fputwc(wchar_t c, FILE* stream);
 int fputws(const wchar_t* s, FILE* stream);
 int fwide(FILE* stream, int mode);
 wint_t getwc(FILE* stream);
 wint_t getwchar();
 wint_t putwc(wchar_t c, FILE* stream);
 wint_t putwchar(wchar_t c);
 wint_t ungetwc(wint_t c, FILE* stream);
 double wcstod(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
 float wcstof(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
 long double wcstold(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
 long int wcstol(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
 long long int wcstoll(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
 unsigned long int wcstoul(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
 unsigned long long int wcstoull(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
 wchar_t* wcscpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcsncpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wmemcpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wmemmove(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcscat(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcsncat(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 int wcscmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 int wcscoll(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
 int wcsncmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 size_t wcsxfrm(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
 int wmemcmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n); // freestanding
 const wchar_t* wcschr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcschr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c); // freestanding
 size_t wcscspn(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 const wchar_t* wcspbrk(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcspbrk(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 const wchar_t* wcsrchr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcsrchr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c); // freestanding
 size_t wcsspn(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 const wchar_t* wcsstr(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcsstr(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wcstok(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, wchar_t** ptr); // freestanding
 const wchar_t* wmemchr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wmemchr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n); // freestanding
 size_t wcslen(const wchar_t* s); // freestanding
 wchar_t* wmemset(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n); // freestanding
 size_t wcsftime(wchar_t* s, size_t maxsize, const wchar_t* format, const tm* timeptr);
 wint_t btowc(int c);
 int wctob(wint_t c);
 
 // multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions
 int mbsinit(const mbstate_t* ps);
 size_t mbrlen(const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
 size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
 size_t wcrtomb(char* s, wchar_t wc, mbstate_t* ps);
 size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t* dst, const char** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps);
 size_t wcsrtombs(char* dst, const wchar_t** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps);
}
 
#define NULL /* see description */ // freestanding
#define WCHAR_MAX /* see description */ // freestanding
#define WCHAR_MIN /* see description */ // freestanding
#define WEOF /* see description */ // freestanding

[edit] Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
LWG 345 C++98 std::tm was not provided in <cwchar> provided

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