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by Guido Socher (homepage)

購噐恬宀:

Guido浪散linux音叙咀葎貫宸倖狼由辛參孀欺恷寄辛嬬議赤箸珊咀葎繁断捻伉噐万議譜柴.


朕村:

AVR汽頭字GCC園殻

[画像:[Illustration]]

姜勣:

Atmel巷望議AVR 8了RISC汽頭字頁匯嶽掲械噸宥議汽頭字.万頁匯倖醤嗤窮価亟辛園殻峪響贋刈匂(EEPROM),昧字恵諒贋刈匂(RAM),庁方廬算匂,寄楚議補秘才補竃?揃,柴扮匂,RS-232宥儷俊笥UART參式凪麿載謹孔嬬議汽頭鹿撹窮揃.

恷挫議暢狛噐壓Linux和醤嗤匯倖辛工旋喘議頼屁園殻桟廠:低辛參寡喘GCC斤宸嶽汽頭字序佩C囂冱園殻.云猟厘繍?低讐峰泌採芦廾才聞喘GCC.厘匆繍?低讐峰泌採委罷周墮秘汽頭字.低侭俶勣議峪頁匯翠AT90S4433汽頭字,匯倖4Mhz議唱寳,匯乂窮逝才富楚凪万宴卷議何周.

宸鐙猟嫗峪頁匯倖酒汽初府.壓參朔議猟嫗嶽厘断繍氏崙恬匯倖醤嗤富方梓囚議LCD?塋焼?,庁方補秘,啣周昂才匯乂LED.厘断議?隈頁恂匯倖噸宥議Linux捲暦匂議陣崙中医,音狛厘断枠勣僥楼奕担塘崔園殻桟廠,宸匆頁云猟議麼勣坪否.

罷周芦廾:陳乂頁低侭俶勣議

寡喘GNU C囂冱蝕窟桟廠低俶勣和双罷周:

binutils-2.11.2.tar.bz2 辛參貫:
ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu/binutils/
賜宀
ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/binutils/和墮
gcc-core-3.0.3.tar.gz 辛參貫: ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu/gcc/
賜宀
ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/GNU/gcc/和墮
avr-libc-20020106 .tar.gz 宸倖AVR C囂冱垂辛參貫: http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr/libc/ 匆辛參貫宸倖捲暦匂和墮:和墮麼匈
uisp-20011025.tar.gz AVR園殻匂辛參貫: http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr/libc/ 匆辛參貫宸岬捲暦匂和墮: 和墮麼匈
厘断委侭嗤宸乂殻會芦廾欺/usr/local/atmel和. 宸頁葎阻聞宸乂殻會才噸宥Linux C囂冱園咎匂蛍蝕. 喘和中議凋綜秀羨宸倖朕村:

mkdir /usr/local/atmel

罷周芦廾:GNU binutils

宸倖binutils罷周淫戻工秀羨朕炎猟周侭俶勣議侭嗤詰雫垢醤.万淫凄匯倖AVR祉園匂(avr-as),銭俊匂(avr-ld),垂侃尖垢醤(avr-ranlib,avr-ar),伏撹辛墮秘汽頭字EEPROM朕炎猟周議殻會(avr-objcopy),郡祉園匂(avr-objdump)才嵆avr-strip才avr-size宸窃議垢醤罷周.

塰佩和双凋綜園咎芦廾binutils:

bunzip2 -c binutils-2.11.2.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
cd binutils-2.11.2
./configure --target=avr --prefix=/usr/local/atmel
make
make install

耶紗/usr/local/atml/lib宸佩欺/etc/ld.so.conf猟周戦中,塰佩/sbin/ldconfig凋綜嶷秀銭俊匂産贋.

罷周芦廾:AVR GCC園咎匂

avr-gcc繍頁厘断議C囂冱園咎匂.

塰佩和双凋綜園咎芦廾宸倖園咎匂:

tar zxvf gcc-core-3.0.3.tar.gz
cd gcc-core-3.0.3
./configure --target=avr --prefix=/usr/local/atmel --disable-nls --enable-language=c
make
make install

罷周芦廾:AVR C囂冱垂

宸倖C囂冱垂挽壓蝕窟嶄.芦廾狛殻辛嬬井云嚥井云岻寂嗤乂聾裏議餓艶.泌惚低?孚彭云猟匯化匯化恂議三厘容呪寡喘貧燕双竃議井云.貧燕嶄議罷周厘厮将恂狛霞編阻,云猟嶄厘断侭亟議殻會才朔中議猟嫗嶄議殻會脅壓貧中宸倖井云貧垢恬誼載挫.

譜崔匯乂桟廠延楚(bash囂隈):
export CC=avr-gcc
export AS=avr-as
export AR=avr-ar
export RANLIB=avr-ranlib
export PATH=/usr/local/atmel/bin:${PATH}

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/atmel/avr --target=avr --enable-languages=c --host=avr
make
make install

罷周芦廾:園殻匂

宸倖園殻匂繍峺協議彈姥挫議朕炎旗鷹墮秘欺厘断汽頭字議EEPROM嶄.

宸倖Linux和議uisp頁匯倖掲械挫議園殻匂.辛參岷俊喘壓Makefile戦中.低峪勣耶紗"make load"号夸,宸劔低祥辛參園咎墮秘罷周匯肝頼撹.

uisp梓孚和中宸劔芦廾:

tar zxvf uisp-20011025.tar.gz
cd uisp-20011025/src
make
cp uisp /usr/local/atmel/bin

匯倖弌議霞編垢殻

厘断繍參匯倖弌議霞編窮揃蝕兵.宸倖霞編窮揃議朕議叙叙頁霞編厘断議蝕窟桟廠.厘断喘万栖園咎,和墮參式霞編匯倖弌殻會.宸倖霞編殻會叙叙頁哈軟LED描妨.

厘秀咏公宸倖汽頭字的匯倖弌議咫泡窮揃医.參朔低祥辛參壓宸翠窮揃医議曝囃恂低徭失議編刮.匯倖挫一隈頁喘匯倖庁亭医輝恬宸倖.低涙胎泌採匆音嬬晦編彭委AVR才万議4MHz唱寳岷俊慧壓庁亭医貧.厚挫議一隈頁喘富楚議玉?委補秘才補竃重嚥庁亭医屢銭,咀葎宸劔議庁亭医音頁葎酔堀方忖窮揃崙恬議. 4Mhz議唱寳才窮否匂壓麗尖貧哘乎掲械真除汽頭字.
[circuit diagram]
壓厘断宸倖箭徨戦園殻匂議銭俊匂窮怦糞縞貧頁音駅勣議.峪嗤壓低嬉麻委port-B 補秘補竃重喘噐凪麿朕議扮嘉俶勣.

俶勣議啣周

低俶勣議何周双壓和燕嶄.侭嗤議宸乂脅掲械噸宥,宴卷,峪頁汽頭字酷泣,寄古7.5天圷.勝砿万頁掲械噸宥議汽頭字,万匆音頁昧宴壓椎社輝仇議涙?窮斌糾祥嬬択欺議,嵆椎乂寄議窮徨何周?弁斌箭泌:(www.reichelt.de(蟻忽),www.conrad.de(蟻忽),www.selectronic.fr(隈忽)吉吉........,辛嬬壓低議忽社宸乂窃貌議嫋泣)議花垂戦嘉嗤畠何議何周.
[画像:[avr]] 1 x AT90S4433, Atmel 8 了AVR RISC侃尖匂.
[socket] 2 x 14重 IC峨菓
賜宀
1 x 28 重 7.5mm IC峨菓
宸嶽28重峨菓勣孀欺嗤泣泣是佃,宥械28重峨菓頁14mm錐議,徽頁厘断俶勣議頁7.5mm議峨菓.
[画像: ] 1 x 10K 窮怦 (冲弼旗鷹: 忤,菜,拡)
3 x 470 天跳 窮怦(冲弼旗鷹:仔,從,忤)
1 x 1K 窮怦 (冲弼旗鷹: 忤,菜,碕)
1 x 220 天跳 窮怦 (冲弼旗鷹:碕,碕,忤)
1 x 4Mhz 唱寳
2 x 27pf 盲窮否
[画像:[connector]] 喘噐園咎匂議販吭嶽窃議5重峨遊/峨恙.厘断宥械択乂銭俊匂訳,隼朔5倖孵撹匯粁.
[画像:[matrix board]] 詔擻医.
[画像:[db25]] 1 x DB25 銭俊匂 喘噐峨欺旺笥.
[画像:[led]] 1 x LED
[画像:[beardboard]] 匯翠庁亭医. 厘断壓宸戦音喘,徽頁泌惚低?恂繍栖議AVR糞刮宸頁掲嶷嗤喘議.厘秀咏低委裏陣崙匂嚥唱寳才窮否鹿嶄壓詔擻医貧,隼朔宥狛玉窮逝委万断議補秘/補竃重銭俊欺庁亭医.
茅蝕貧中議宸乂,珊俶勣戻工匯倖糧協議5V岷送窮坿,低匆辛參寡喘4.5V議窮学恬葎窮坿工哘.

芦廾園殻匂啣周

AT90S4433屶隔壓?園殻(ISP). [画像:[AVR programmer]]
酒汽傍祥頁:低短嗤駅勣葎阻公汽頭字園殻遇卞強汽頭字庁翠.低氏心欺辛參喘50-150天圷択欺恂挫議園殻匂啣周,徽短嗤駅勣葎匯倖園殻匂厚謹仇誘彿.寡喘Linux,uisp罷周才窒継議旺笥低祥辛參秀羨軟匯倖掲械挫議酒汽議AVR園殻匂,匆祥寡喘匯功酒汽議窮逝銭俊遇厮.園殻匂窮逝議?駅倬憲栽和双勣箔:
AVR極寞重 旺笥極寞重
SCK (19) Strobe (1)
MISO (18) Busy (11)
MOSI (17) D0 (2)
Reset (1) Init (16)
GND GND (18)

窮逝海業音階狛70cm.

亟秘罷周

壓GCC議逸廁和AT90S4433辛參喘匯違議C囂冱園殻. 阻盾匯乂AVR祉園載嗤喘,徽匆音頁掲勣音辛.AVR C囂冱垂議avr-libc-reference 讐峰阻libc議寄何蛍痕方. Harald Leitner亟阻匯倖購噐泌採聞喘AVR才GCC議揮嗤寄楚嗤喘議箭徨議猟亀(haraleit.pdf, 286Kb, 圻恬 http://www.avrfreaks.net/AVRGCC/). 貫Atmel巷望議利匈, (www.atmel.com, 孀欺: avr products -> 8 bit risc-> Datasheets), 低辛參和墮頼屁議方象彿創 (鹸崙欺云仇: avr4433.pdf, 2361Kb) . 万宙峰阻侭嗤議篠贋匂參式泌採聞喘CPU.

聞喘4433議扮昨嗤匯泣勣廣吭議頁万峪嗤128忖准議RAM才4K忖准議EEPROM.宸祥吭龍彭低音嬬協吶寄議方象潤更才忖憲堪.殻會嶄音嬬寡喘侮秘議廼耗距喘賜宀頁弓拷距喘. 祥崧亟
char string[90];
宸劔匯佩祥厮将湊寄阻. 匯倖屁方頁16bit,泌惚俶勣匯倖弌議屁方低辛參寡喘
unsigned char i; /* 0-255 */
低繍掲械妾冏低議殻會頁謹担寄.万寔頁匯倖膿寄議侃尖匂.

尖胎音泌糞樹,厘断繍亟匯倖殻會斑厘断議LED耽侯0.5昼描妨匯肝.埋隼音頁載嗤喘音狛匆頁匯倖掲械挫議蝕遊,遇拝辛參喘栖霞編厘断議蝕窟桟廠才園殻匂.

void main(void)
{
/* enable PD5 as output */
sbi(DDRD,PD5);
while (1) {
/* led on, pin=0 */
cbi(PORTD,PD5);
delay_ms(500);
/* set output to 5V, LED off */
sbi(PORTD,PD5);
delay_ms(500);
}
}

貧中議箭徨辛參心竃喘万亟倖殻會頁謹担酒汽.低心欺議叙叙頁麼殻會,delay_ms痕方淫根壓畠何議賠汽(avrledtest.c)嶄. PD5重喘恬補竃議三,低駅倬壓方象篠贋匂嶄葎D極笥(DDRD)譜崔PD5了.隼朔祥嬬喘cbi*(PORTD,PD5)痕方公PD5譜崔0V窮儿(賠茅PD5)賜宀喘sbi(PORT,PD5)譜崔5V窮儿(譜崔PD5)."PD5"峙議協吶淫根壓宥狛io.h淫根議io4433.h嶄.低音喘毅伉宸泣. 泌惚低奚将壓嵆Linux宸劔議謹喘薩謹販暦狼由和亟狛殻會議三低祥岑祇蒸音勣亟匯倖掲庁翠晒議涙博議儉桟.宸氏惜継CPU扮寂,受蛸狼由堀業.壓AVR貧祥音匯劔阻,厘断短嗤謹倖販暦,匆短嗤凪麿殻會壓塰佩,宸封崛音頁匯倖荷恬狼由,壓宸貧中塰喘涙博儉桟?垉炭榮娜?.

園咎才墮秘

壓蝕兵岻念鳩範匯和PATH嶄淫根阻/usr/local/atmel/bin揃抄,駅勣議三園辞低議.bash_profile賜宀.tcshrc,耶紗泌和坪否:

export PATH=/usr/local/atmel/bin:${PATH} (for bash)
setenv PATH /usr/local/atmel/bin:${PATH} (for tcsh)

厘断喘旺笥才uisp栖葎AVR園殻.uisp聞喘坪宰議ppdev俊笥,咀緩低駅倬厮将墮秘阻和双坪宰庁翠:

# /sbin/lsmod
parport_pc
ppdev
parport

喘/sbin/lsmod凋綜殊臥頁倦厮将墮秘,泌惚短嗤祥參root喘薩墮秘万断.

modeprobe parport
modeprobe parport_pc
modeprobe ppdev

匯倖曳熟挫議一隈頁壓尼強議扮昨祥徭強峇佩宸乂凋綜.低辛參委宸乂凋綜耶紗宜rc重云嶄(箭泌:Redhat和議/etc/rc.d/rc.local).
葎阻公噸宥喘薩ppdev俊笥亟幡尫,塰佩匯肝和中議凋綜:

chmod 666 /dev/parport0

鳩隠短嗤壓旺笥貧議嬉咫便擦序殻塰佩.泌惚低塰佩阻祥勣壓低銭俊園殻匂窮逝念唯峭宸倖序殻.孖壓園咎才汽頭字園殻議侭嗤彈姥垢恬脅恂挫阻.

厘断議霞編殻會淫(avrledtest-0.1.tar.gz) 戦中嗤倖園咎垢殻猟周猟周.低勣恂議峪頁補秘:
make
make load
T宸劔祥園咎才墮秘罷周阻.厘旺音?峋聾宙峰侭嗤議凋綜. 低辛參嬉蝕椎倖 Makefile 臥心,万断脅頁匯劔議.厘徭失脅音嬬委万断頼畠芝和栖.厘峪頁岑祇厘峪俶勣恂"make load".泌惚低?亟音揖議殻會低峪勣委Makefile嶄侭嗤竃孖avrledtest議仇圭喘低議殻會兆忖紋算祥佩阻.

匯乂嗤箸議binutils

曳糞縞園咎狛殻厚嗤箸議頁匯乂弌垢醤罷周.

avr-objdump -h avrledtest.out

S?塋廠茂魑腸四ii竜調麸?..text頁距秘falsh EEPROM議峺綜旗鷹,.data頁嵆
static char str[]="hello";
宸窃議兜兵晒方象..bss頁掲兜兵晒畠蕉方象,壓厘断宸倖戦中畠頁巣..eeprom喘噐贋刈宜eeprom議延楚,厘貫短嗤喘狛宸倖..stab才.stabstr頁距編佚連,音氏墮秘AVR議. 
avrledtest.out: file format elf32-avr
Sections:
Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
 0 .text 0000008c 00000000 00000000 00000094 2**0
 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE
 1 .data 00000000 00800060 0000008c 00000120 2**0
 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
 2 .bss 00000000 00800060 0000008c 00000120 2**0
 ALLOC
 3 .eeprom 00000000 00810000 00810000 00000120 2**0
 CONTENTS
 4 .stab 00000750 00000000 00000000 00000120 2**2
 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
 5 .stabstr 000005f4 00000000 00000000 00000870 2**0
 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
低匆辛參喘avr-size凋綜誼欺匯倖厚娼酒議侘塀:

avr-size avrledtest.out

 text data bss dec hex filename
 140 0 0 140 8c avrledtest.out
壓AVR貧垢恬低駅倬蒙艶廣吭.text+data+bss音階狛4K,data+bss+stack(低辛參音深打stack議寄弌,万函畳噐嗤謹富廼耗距喘)音嬬階狛128忖准.

和中宸倖凋綜匆掲械嗤吭房:

avr-objdump -S avrledtest.out

万氏伏撹低議旗鷹議祉園双燕.

潤胎

孖壓低厮将阻盾欺怎參蝕兵厘断議垢殻議AVR啣周才GCC圭中議岑紛.LinuxFocus繍栖氏嗤厚謹厚鹸墫議,厚嗤箸議購噐啣周宸圭中議猟嫗.

歌深猟孽

斤宸鐙猟嫗窟燕得胎

耽鐙猟嫗脅嗤光徭議郡澄匈中。壓宸倖匈中戦?艇辛參戻住得胎?匆辛參臥心凪麿響宀議得胎?
郡澄匈中
麼匈喇LinuxFocus園辞怏略擦
© Guido Socher, FDL
LinuxFocus.org
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