Numerics library

The C++ numerics library includes common mathematical functions and types, as well as optimized numeric arrays and support for random number generation.

[edit] Mathematical functions and types

[edit] Common mathematical functions

The header <cmath> provides standard C library mathematical functions such as std::fabs , std::sqrt , and std::sin .

[edit] Mathematical special functions (since C++17)

The header <cmath> also provides several mathematical special functions such as std::beta , std::hermite , and std::cyl_bessel_i .

[edit] Mathematical constants (since C++20)

The header <numbers> provides several mathematical constants, such as std::numbers::pi or std::numbers::sqrt2

[edit] Basic linear algebra algorithms (since C++26)

The header <linalg> provides basic linear algebra algorithms which are based on BLAS.

[edit] Data-parallel types (since C++26)

The header <simd> provides portable types for explicitly stating data-parallelism and structuring data for more efficient SIMD access.

[edit] Complex number arithmetic

Defined in header <complex>

complex

a complex number type
(class template)

[edit] Numeric arrays

Defined in header <valarray>

valarray

numeric arrays, array masks and array slices
(class template)

[edit] Numeric algorithms

The header <numeric> provides numeric algorithms below:

[edit] Factor operations (since C++17)

Defined in header <numeric>

gcd

(C++17)

computes the greatest common divisor of two integers
(function template) [edit]

lcm

(C++17)

computes the least common multiple of two integers
(function template) [edit]

[edit] Interpolation operations (C++20)

Defined in header <numeric>

midpoint

(C++20)

midpoint between two numbers or pointers
(function template) [edit]

Defined in header <cmath>

lerp

(C++20)

linear interpolation function
(function) [edit]

[edit] Saturation arithmetic (since C++26)

Defined in header <numeric>

add_sat

(C++26)

saturating addition operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

sub_sat

(C++26)

saturating subtraction operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

mul_sat

(C++26)

saturating multiplication operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

div_sat

(C++26)

saturating division operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

saturate_cast

(C++26)

returns an integer value clamped to the range of another integer type
(function template) [edit]

[edit] Numeric operations

Defined in header <numeric>

iota

(C++11)

fills a range with successive increments of the starting value
(function template) [edit]

ranges::iota

(C++23)

fills a range with successive increments of the starting value
(algorithm function object)[edit]

accumulate

sums up or folds a range of elements
(function template) [edit]

reduce

(C++17)

similar to std::accumulate , except out of order
(function template) [edit]

transform_reduce

(C++17)

applies an invocable, then reduces out of order
(function template) [edit]

inner_product

computes the inner product of two ranges of elements
(function template) [edit]

adjacent_difference

computes the differences between adjacent elements in a range
(function template) [edit]

partial_sum

computes the partial sum of a range of elements
(function template) [edit]

inclusive_scan

(C++17)

similar to std::partial_sum , includes the i^th input element in the i^th sum
(function template) [edit]

exclusive_scan

(C++17)

similar to std::partial_sum , excludes the i^th input element from the i^th sum
(function template) [edit]

transform_inclusive_scan

(C++17)

applies an invocable, then calculates inclusive scan
(function template) [edit]

transform_exclusive_scan

(C++17)

applies an invocable, then calculates exclusive scan
(function template) [edit]

[edit] Miscellaneous

[edit] Pseudo-random number generation

The header <random> defines pseudo-random number generators and numerical distributions. The header <cstdlib> also includes C-style random number generation via std::srand and std::rand .

[edit] Floating-point environment (since C++11)

The header <cfenv> defines flags and functions related to exceptional floating-point state, such as overflow and division by zero.

[edit] Bit manipulation (since C++20)

The header <bit> provides several function templates to access, manipulate, and process individual bits and bit sequences. The byte ordering (endianness) of scalar types can be inspected via std::endian facility.

[edit] Checked integer arithmetic (since C++26)

The C compatibility header <stdckdint.h> provides several function templates for checked integer arithmetic.

Defined in header <stdckdint.h>

ckd_add

(C++26)

checked addition operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

ckd_sub

(C++26)

checked subtraction operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

ckd_mul

(C++26)

checked multiplication operation on two integers
(function template) [edit]

[edit] See also

C documentation for Numerics

cppreference.com

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Numerics library

Contents

[edit] Mathematical functions and types

[edit] Common mathematical functions

[edit] Mathematical special functions (since C++17)

[edit] Mathematical constants (since C++20)

[edit] Basic linear algebra algorithms (since C++26)

[edit] Data-parallel types (since C++26)

[edit] Complex number arithmetic

[edit] Numeric arrays

[edit] Numeric algorithms

[edit] Factor operations (since C++17)

[edit] Interpolation operations (C++20)

[edit] Saturation arithmetic (since C++26)

[edit] Numeric operations

[edit] Miscellaneous

[edit] Pseudo-random number generation

[edit] Floating-point environment (since C++11)

[edit] Bit manipulation (since C++20)

[edit] Checked integer arithmetic (since C++26)

[edit] See also

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