This is a value set defined by the FHIR project.
This value set has >1000 codes in it. In order to keep the publication size manageable, only a selection (1000 codes) of the whole set of codes is shown
Expansion based on SNOMED CT International edition 31-Jul 2020
All codes in this table are from the system http://snomed.info/sct
Code Display
109006 Anxiety disorder of childhood OR adolescence
127009 Spontaneous abortion with laceration of cervix
144008 Normal peripheral vision
147001 Superficial foreign body of scrotum without major open wound but with infection
150003 Abnormal bladder continence
162004 Severe manic bipolar I disorder without psychotic features
171008 Injury of ascending right colon without open wound into abdominal cavity
172001 Endometritis following molar AND/OR ectopic pregnancy
177007 Poisoning by sawfly larvae
181007 Hemorrhagic bronchopneumonia
183005 Autoimmune pancytopenia
188001 Injury of intercostal artery
192008 Congenital syphilitic hepatomegaly
193003 Benign hypertensive renal disease
195005 Illegal abortion with endometritis
198007 Disease due to Filoviridae
208008 Neurocutaneous melanosis sequence
216004 Delusion of persecution
222008 Acute epiglottitis with obstruction
223003 Tumor of body of uterus affecting pregnancy
241006 Epilepsia partialis continua
242004 Noninfectious jejunitis
257006 Acne rosacea, erythematous telangiectatic type
281004 Dementia associated with alcoholism
282006 Acute myocardial infarction of basal-lateral wall
290006 Melnick-Fraser syndrome
303002 Apoplectic pancreatitis
320003 Cervical dilatation, 1cm
341009 ABO incompatibility reaction
357009 Closed fracture of trapezoidal bone of wrist
359007 Kernicterus due to isoimmunization
360002 Acute radiation disease
364006 Acute left-sided heart failure
369001 Normal jugular venous pressure
382009 Legal history finding relating to child
383004 Passive range of hip extension - finding
385006 Secondary peripheral neuropathy
398002 Left axis deviation greater than -90 degrees by EKG
407000 Congenital hepatomegaly
426008 Superficial injury of ankle without infection
437009 Abnormal composition of urine
440009 Persistent hyperphenylalaninemia
442001 Secondary hypopituitarism
443006 Cystocele affecting pregnancy
447007 Coach in sports activity accident
452002 Blister of groin without infection
460001 Squamous metaplasia of prostate gland
467003 Old laceration of muscles of pelvic floor
470004 Vitreous touch syndrome
479003 Graves' disease with pretibial myxedema AND with thyrotoxic crisis
486006 Acute vascular insufficiency
490008 Upper respiratory tract hypersensitivity reaction
496002 Closed traumatic dislocation of third cervical vertebra (disorder)
504009 Androgen-dependent hirsutism
517007 Foreign body in hypopharynx
527001 Spontaneous fetal evolution, Roederer's method
547009 Hypersecretion of calcitonin
548004 13p partial trisomy syndrome
554003 2p partial trisomy syndrome
555002 Dicentra species poisoning
586008 Contact dermatitis due to primrose
590005 Congenital aneurysm of anterior communicating artery
596004 Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
607007 Decreased vital capacity
615005 Obstruction due to foreign body accidentally left in operative wound AND/OR body cavity during a procedure
616006 Sensorimotor disorder of eyelid
626004 Hypercortisolism due to nonpituitary tumor
631002 Transfusion reaction due to minor incompatibility
640003 Injury of pneumogastric nerve
646009 Idiopathic cyst of anterior chamber of eye (disorder)
649002 Open fracture of distal end of ulna
655007 Abnormal fetal heart beat noted before labor in liveborn infant
658009 Injury of colon without open wound into abdominal cavity
666000 Poisoning by antivaricose drug AND/OR sclerosing agent
682004 Thrombosis complicating pregnancy AND/OR puerperium
701003 Adult osteochondritis of spine
703000 Congenital adhesions of tongue
714002 Abrasion and/or friction burn of toe with infection (disorder)
715001 Nontraumatic rupture of urethra
718004 Acute bronchiolitis with obstruction
733007 Superficial foreign body of groin without major open wound but with infection
750009 Schistosoma mansoni infection (disorder)
755004 Postgastrectomy phytobezoar
756003 Chronic rheumatic myopericarditis
775008 Open wound of head with complication
776009 Partial arterial retinal occlusion
781000 Cestrum diurnum poisoning
787001 Rheumatic mitral stenosis with regurgitation
792004 Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease
801006 Nonvenomous insect bite of foot with infection
805002 Pneumoconiosis due to silica
818005 Third degree burn of multiple sites of lower limb
825003 Superficial injury of axilla with infection
827006 Late congenital syphilis, latent (+ sero., - C.S.F., 2 years OR more)
832007 Moderate major depression
834008 Chair-seated facing coital position
841002 Congenital absence of skull bone
845006 Injury of inferior mesenteric artery
862001 Anemia caused by chlorate (disorder)
865004 Hyperalimentation formula for ileus
888003 Foetal or neonatal effect of maternal blood loss
890002 Deep third degree burn of elbow
903008 Chorioretinal infarction
908004 Superficial injury of interscapular region without infection
928000 Disorder of musculoskeletal system
931004 Gestation period, 9 weeks
943003 Congenital retinal aneurysm
961007 Erythema nodosum, acute form
962000 Disability evaluation, disability 6%
964004 Open wound of pharynx without complication
978003 Chronic infantile eczema
987007 Cellulitis of temple region
998008 Chagas' disease with heart involvement
1031006 Open wound of trachea without complication
1051005 Hyperplasia of islet alpha cells with gastrin excess
1055001 Stenosis of precerebral artery
1073003 Xeroderma pigmentosum, group B
1074009 Glucocorticoid-responsive primary aldosteronism
1089000 Intrauterine sepsis of fetus
1102005 Intraerythrocytic parasitosis by Nuttallia
1107004 Early latent syphilis, positive serology, negative cerebrospinal fluid, with relapse after treatment (disorder)
1111005 Normal sebaceous gland activity
1112003 Degenerative disorder of eyelid
1116000 Chronic aggressive type B viral hepatitis
1131009 Congenital valvular insufficiency
1139006 Confrontation (visual) test
1145003 Developmental speech disorder
1151008 Generalized constriction of visual field
1194003 Disease condition determination, well controlled
1196001 Chronic bipolar II disorder, most recent episode major depressive
1201005 Benign essential hypertension
1207009 Glaucomatous atrophy of optic disc
1212005 Childhood type dermatomyositis
1232006 Congenital articular rigidity with myopathy
1239002 Congenital anteversion of femur
1264004 Injury of descending left colon without open wound into abdominal cavity
1271009 Knuckle pads, deafness AND leukonychia syndrome
1286003 Vitamin K deficiency coagulation disorder
1287007 Congenital absence of bile duct
1297003 Infection by Cladosporium carrionii
1310004 Impaired glucose tolerance associated with genetic syndrome
1317001 Injury of ovary without open wound into abdominal cavity
1318006 Post-translational genetic protein processing
1332008 Conjugated visual deviation
1356007 Calculus of common duct with obstruction
1363007 Fetal or neonatal effect of chronic maternal respiratory disease (disorder)
1367008 Injury of superior mesenteric artery
1370007 Open fracture of metacarpal bone
1376001 Obsessive compulsive personality disorder
1378000 Supination-eversion injury of ankle
1380006 Agoraphobia without history of panic disorder with limited symptom attacks
1384002 Diffuse cholesteatosis of middle ear
1393001 Lenz-Majewski hyperostosis syndrome
1395008 Complication of ultrasound therapy
1412008 Anterior subcapsular polar cataract
1418007 Hypoplastic chondrodystrophy
1419004 Injury of prostate without open wound into abdominal cavity
1426004 Necrotizing glomerulonephritis
1469007 Spontaneous abortion with urinary tract infection
1474004 Hypertensive heart AND renal disease complicating AND/OR reason for care during childbirth
1478001 Obliteration of lymphatic vessel
1479009 20q partial trisomy syndrome
1488000 Postoperative nausea and vomiting
1492007 Congenital anomaly of large intestine
1499003 Bipolar I disorder, single manic episode with postpartum onset
1512006 Congenital stricture of bile duct
1521007 Blister of buttock without infection
1525003 Blister of foot without infection
1531000 Poisoning by nitrofuran derivatives
1538006 Central nervous system malformation in fetus affecting obstetrical care
1542009 Omphalocele with obstruction
1551001 Osteomyelitis of femur (disorder)
1563006 Protein S deficiency disease
1567007 Chronic gastric ulcer without hemorrhage, without perforation AND without obstruction
1588003 Heterosexual precocious puberty
1592005 Failed attempted abortion with uremia
1606009 Infection by Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus
1608005 Increased capillary permeability
1639007 Abnormality of organs AND/OR soft tissues of pelvis affecting pregnancy
1648002 Lymphocytic pseudotumor of lung
1654001 Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma
1658003 Closed fracture of acromial end of clavicle
1674008 Juvenile epithelial corneal dystrophy
1679003 Arthritis associated with another disorder
1682008 Transitory amino acid metabolic disorder
1686006 Sedative, hypnotic AND/OR anxiolytic-induced anxiety disorder
1703007 Increased leg circumference
1705000 Closed fracture of base of neck of femur
1708003 Open dislocation of clavicle
1717003 Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
1723008 Urethral stricture due to schistosomiasis
1734006 Fracture of vertebral column with spinal cord injury
1748006 Thrombophlebitis of deep femoral vein
1771008 Insulin biosynthesis defect
1777007 Increased molecular dissociation
1778002 Malocclusion due to abnormal swallowing
1816003 Panic disorder with agoraphobia, severe agoraphobic avoidance AND mild panic attacks
1822007 Impaired glucose tolerance associated with pancreatic disease
1828006 Infestation by Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis
1833005 Phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis
1837006 Poisoning by metaproterenol
1848004 Poisoning by gaseous anesthetic
1852004 Traumatic injury of sixth cranial nerve
1855002 Developmental academic disorder
1857005 Gestational rubella syndrome
1865008 Impaired intestinal protein absorption
1869002 Rupture of sphincter of pupil
1881003 Increased nutritional requirement
1897008 Amsinckia species poisoning
1899006 Autosomal hereditary disorder
1903004 Infestation by Psorergates ovis
1908008 von Willebrand disease, type IIC
1909000 Impairment level: better eye: severe impairment: lesser eye: near-total impairment
1922008 Congenital absence of urethra
1953005 Congenital deficiency of pigment of skin
1954004 Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to toxic reaction
1959009 Encephalartos species poisoning
1961000 Chronic polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
1963002 Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
1967001 Longitudinal absence of radius AND ulna
1973000 Sedative, hypnotic AND/OR anxiolytic-induced psychotic disorder with delusions
1989002 Burn of vagina AND/OR uterus
2012002 Fracture of lunate bone of wrist
2024009 Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to metazoal myocarditis
2036003 Acquired factor VII deficiency disease
2040007 Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
2055003 Recurrent erosion of cornea
2058001 Bilateral loss of labyrinthine reactivity
2061000 Conductive hearing loss of combined sites
2065009 Dominant hereditary optic atrophy
2066005 Gastric ulcer with hemorrhage AND perforation but without obstruction
2094002 Toxic effect of carbon disulfide
2102007 Deep vascularization of cornea
2109003 Isolated somatotropin deficiency
2114004 Infection by Cysticercus pisiformis
2116002 Intramembranous bone formation
2128005 Disease of pharyngeal tonsil
2132004 Meconium in amniotic fluid noted before labor in liveborn infant
2136001 Open wound of jaw with complication
2138000 LSP - Left sacroposterior position
2149006 Decreased hormone production
2167004 Retinal hemangioblastomatosis
2186007 Compensated metabolic alkalosis
2202000 Open posterior dislocation of distal end of femur
2204004 Acquired deformity of pinna
2213002 Congenital anomaly of vena cava
2217001 Superficial injury of perineum without infection
2219003 Disability evaluation, disability 100%
2241003 X-linked absence of thyroxine-binding globulin
2243000 Hypercalcemia due to hyperthyroidism
2245007 Foreign body in nasopharynx
2261009 Obstetrical pulmonary fat embolism
2268003 Victim of homosexual aggression (finding)
2295008 Closed fracture of upper end of forearm
2301009 Psychosomatic factor in physical condition, psychological component of unknown degree
2303007 Inguinal hernia with gangrene
2312009 Reactive attachment disorder of infancy OR early childhood, inhibited type
2314005 Unprotected sexual intercourse
2365002 Chronic granular pharyngitis
2367005 Acute hemorrhagic gastritis
2385003 Cellulitis of pectoral region
2388001 Normal variation in translucency
2390000 Acute gonococcal vulvovaginitis
2403008 Psychoactive substance dependence
2418009 Toxic effect of polyester fumes
2419001 Open wound of forehead with complication
2420007 Third degree burn of multiple sites of upper limb
2432006 Cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorder
2463005 Acquired heterochromia of iris
2471009 Postoperative intra-abdominal abscess
2473007 Intermittent vertical heterotropia
2477008 Superficial thrombophlebitis
2495006 Congenital cerebral arteriovenous aneurysm
2513003 Tinea capitis due to Trichophyton
2518007 Cryptogenic sexual precocity
2521009 Bone conduction better than air
2526004 Noninflammatory disorder of the female genital organs
2534005 Congenital absence of vena cava
2554006 Acute purulent pericarditis
2560006 Syndactyly of fingers with fusion of bones
2562003 Athanasia trifurcata poisoning
2582004 Deep third degree burn of multiple sites of lower limb
2584003 Cerebral degeneration in childhood
2591000 Crushing injury of shoulder region
2602008 Hemarthrosis of shoulder region
2618002 Chronic recurrent major depressive disorder
2630008 Open wound of finger without complication
2634004 Decreased blood erythrocyte volume
2638001 Hypercalcemia due to a drug
2651006 Closed traumatic dislocation of elbow joint (disorder)
2683000 Nonvenomous insect bite of axilla without infection
2689001 Dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with absence of skin
2707005 Necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus OR newborn
2725003 Previous abnormality of glucose tolerance
2749000 Congenital deformity of hip joint
2751001 Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes
2770006 Fetal or neonatal effect of antibiotic transmitted via placenta and/or breast milk (disorder)
2772003 Acquired epidermolysis bullosa
2782002 Temporomandibular dysplasia
2783007 Gastrojejunal ulcer without hemorrhage AND without perforation
2786004 Epithelial ovarian tumor, FIGO stage III
2790002 Impairment level: one eye: total impairment: other eye: not specified
2806008 Impaired psychomotor development
2807004 Chronic gastrojejunal ulcer with perforation
2808009 Infection by Prosthenorchis elegans
2816000 Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to myotonic dystrophy
2818004 Congenital vascular anomaly of eye
2819007 Poisoning by magnesium sulfate
2828008 Congenital stenosis of nares
2835000 Traumatic cardiac hemolytic anemia
2850009 Infection by Schistosoma incognitum
2856003 Vitamin A-responsive dermatosis
2893009 Anomaly of chromosome pair 10
2897005 Thrombocytopenia due to immune destruction
2902006 Decreased lymphocyte life span
2912004 Cystic-bullous disease of the lung
2918000 Infection due to Bacteroides
2919008 Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
2955000 Chronic ulcerative pulpitis
2973002 Pelvic organ injury without open wound into abdominal cavity
2989004 Complication following molar AND/OR ectopic pregnancy
2990008 Lymphocytic leukemoid reaction
2992000 Pigmentary pallidal degeneration
3004001 Congenital dilatation of esophagus
3006004 Disturbance of consciousness
3009006 Solanum malacoxylon poisoning
3013004 Open wound of ear drum without complication
3018008 Penetration of eyeball with magnetic foreign body
3019000 Closed anterior dislocation of elbow
3023008 Acute peptic ulcer without hemorrhage, without perforation AND without obstruction
3032005 Nonvenomous insect bite of cheek without infection
3033000 Bone AND/OR joint disorder of pelvis in mother complicating pregnancy, childbirth AND/OR puerperium
3038009 Acute lymphangitis of umbilicus
3059002 Acute lymphangitis of thigh
3072001 Hormone-induced hypopituitarism
3084004 Nonvenomous insect bite of gum without infection
3089009 Disability evaluation, impairment, class 7
3094009 Vomiting in infants AND/OR children
3097002 Superficial injury of lip with infection
3098007 Rupture of interventricular septum
3109008 Secondary dysthymia early onset
3119002 Brain stem laceration with open intracranial wound AND loss of consciousness
3140001 Citrullinemia, subacute type
3158007 Panic disorder with agoraphobia, agoraphobic avoidance in partial remission AND panic attacks in partial remission
3160009 Female infertility of cervical origin
3163006 Acute adenoviral follicular conjunctivitis
3168002 Thrombophlebitis of intracranial venous sinus
3208005 Open wound of ossicles without complication
3214003 Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
3217005 Open dislocation of sixth cervical vertebra
3219008 Disease type AND/OR category unknown
3228009 Closed fracture of shaft of radius
3230006 Illegal abortion with afibrinogenemia
3254001 Infection by Strongyloides westeri
3275009 Behcet's syndrome, vascular type
3283003 Feeling of sand or foreign body in eye
3286006 Patient status determination, greatly improved
3291007 Closed fracture of two ribs
3308008 Atrophic-hyperplastic gastritis
3310005 Foreign body granuloma of skin
3331008 Open fracture of neck of metacarpal bone
3355003 Poisoning by anti-common cold drug
3381004 Open fracture of astragalus
3387000 Auditory discrimination aphasia
3421000 Open fracture of orbital floor (blow-out)
3426005 Retained magnetic intraocular foreign body
3439009 SCID due to absent peripheral T cell maturation
3441005 Disease of sebaceous glands
3446000 Open fracture of T7-T12 level with spinal cord injury
3456001 Chronic progressive non-hereditary chorea
3461004 Deep third degree burn of thumb
3464007 Infection by Oesophagostomum dentatum
3468005 Neonatal infective mastitis
3469002 Second degree burn of thumb
3483000 Chronic peptic ulcer with perforation
3500002 Open wound of ossicles with complication
3503000 Gender identity disorder of adolescence, previously asexual
3514002 Peribronchial fibrosis of lung
3528008 Restricted carbohydrate fat controlled diet
3530005 Bipolar I disorder, single manic episode, in full remission
3542000 Laceration extending into parenchyma of spleen with open wound into abdominal cavity
3560000 Bilateral recurrent inguinal hernia
3570003 Increased blood erythrocyte volume
3571004 Megaloblastic anemia due to pancreatic insufficiency
3577000 Retinal lattice degeneration
3591006 Metabolic acidosis, NAG, bicarbonate losses
3598000 Partial recent retinal detachment with single defect
3634007 Legal abortion complicated by metabolic disorder
3640000 Late effect of traumatic amputation
3641001 Infection by Coenurosis serialis
3642008 Deficiency of steryl-sulfatase
3649004 Contusion of multiple sites of trunk
3650004 Congenital absence of liver
3652007 Overproduction of growth hormone
3657001 Osteospermum species poisoning
3680009 Monocephalus tripus dibrachius
3681008 Thrombophlebitis of torcular Herophili
3699000 Transverse deficiency of upper limb
3703002 Ischiatic hernia with gangrene
3704008 Diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis
3705009 Congenital anomaly of anterior chamber of eye
3720003 Abnormal presence of hemoglobin
3733009 Congenital eventration of right crus of diaphragm
3759007 Injury of heart with open wound into thorax
3760002 Familial multiple factor deficiency syndrome, type V
3762005 Bilateral recurrent femoral hernia with gangrene
3798002 Premature birth of identical twins, both stillborn
3820005 Inner ear conductive hearing loss
3841004 Blister of cheek with infection
3845008 Congenital duplication of intestine
3885002 ABO isoimmunization affecting pregnancy
3900008 Mixed sensory-motor polyneuropathy
3902000 Non dose-related drug-induced neutropenia
3903005 Traumatic pneumothorax without open wound into thorax
3908001 Infestation by Haematopinus
3913002 Injury of gastrointestinal tract with open wound into abdominal cavity
3914008 Mental disorder in childhood
3939004 Bacterial colony density, transparent
3944006 Steroid sulfatase deficiency
3947004 High oxygen affinity hemoglobin polycythemia
3975002 Deep third degree burn of lower limb
3978000 Hemolytic anemia due to warm antibody
3987009 Congenital absence of trachea
3999002 Acute pyelitis without renal medullary necrosis
4006006 Fetal tachycardia affecting management of mother
4009004 Lower urinary tract infectious disease
4017007 Increased stratum corneum adhesiveness
4022007 Vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis
4026005 Interstitial mastitis associated with childbirth
4039009 Multiple vitamin deficiency disease
4041005 Congenital anomaly of macula
4046000 Degenerative spondylolisthesis
4069002 Anoxic brain damage during AND/OR resulting from a procedure
4103001 Complex partial seizures with consciousness impaired
4124006 Nonvenomous insect bite of vagina with infection
4135001 11p partial monosomy syndrome
4136000 Macrodactyly of toe (disorder)
4160001 Congenital anomaly of upper respiratory system
4168008 Tibial plateau chondromalacia
4170004 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, procollagen proteinase resistant
4178006 Partial recent retinal detachment with multiple defects
4181001 Normal peak expiratory flow rate
4183003 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type IC
4184009 Congenital anomaly of endocrine gland
4195003 Congenital duplication of anus
4197006 Disability evaluation, impairment, class 5
4199009 18p partial trisomy syndrome
4208000 Closed multiple fractures of both lower limbs
4242009 18q partial monosomy syndrome
4248008 Synovitis AND/OR tenosynovitis associated with another disease
4249000 Poor peripheral circulation
4260009 Sacral spinal cord injury without bone injury
4262001 Phlebitis of superior sagittal sinus
4269005 Chronic gastrojejunal ulcer without hemorrhage AND without perforation
4273008 Closed posterior dislocation of elbow
4278004 Superficial foreign body of axilla without major open wound but with infection
4294006 Isosexual precocious puberty
4300009 Deep third degree burn of forearm
4306003 Cluster B personality disorder
4307007 Pregestational diabetes mellitus AND/OR impaired glucose tolerance, modified White class F
4325000 11q partial monosomy syndrome
4338008 Arnold's nerve reflex cough syndrome
4340003 Acrodermatitis atrophicans chronica
4349002 Open fracture of multiple sites of metacarpus
4354006 Open dislocation of scapula
4359001 Early congenital syphilis (less than 2 years)
4374004 Congenital anomaly of tricuspid valve
4397001 Partial congenital duodenal obstruction
4399003 Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis
4406004 Congenital anomaly of male genital system
4409006 Adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin synthesis defect
4410001 Retroperitoneal hernia with obstruction
4439001 Cyclic oculomotor paralysis
4441000 Severe bipolar disorder with psychotic features
4445009 Tuberculosis of genitourinary system
4451004 Illegal abortion with renal tubular necrosis
4461006 Complication of administrative procedure
4463009 Familial amyloid polyneuropathy, type II
4477007 Juvenile myopathy AND lactate acidosis
4478002 Multiple fractures of upper AND lower limbs
4481007 Abnormal gastric secretion regulation
4483005 Syphilitic punched out ulcer
4490000 Impairment level: better eye: moderate impairment: lesser eye: near-total impairment
4494009 Diverticulitis of large intestine
4495005 Congenital hypertrophy of ureteric valve
4499004 Disseminated anergic leishmaniasis
4547004 Determination of outcome, satisfactory to physician
4554005 Intraventricular conduction defect
4576001 Legal abortion complicated by renal failure
4586000 Complication of internal fixation device
4633009 Hymenoxys richardsonii poisoning
4646004 Impairment level: one eye: profound impairment: other eye: not specified
4654002 Posteruptive color change of tooth
4661003 Calculus of bile duct with obstruction
4667004 Female infertility due to structural congenital anomaly of vagina
4673003 Open fracture of lateral malleolus
4676006 SLE glomerulonephritis syndrome, WHO class II
Source The source of the definition of the code (when the value set draws in codes defined elsewhere)
Code The code (used as the code in the resource instance). If the code is in italics, this indicates that the code is not selectable ('Abstract')