Globally Distributed Database

Oracle Globally Distributed Database is a single logical database that automatically distributes and replicates data across various nodes, regions, and countries. It helps organizations build always-on architectures and achieve high performance while addressing data residency requirements. Applications can use Oracle AI Database’s converged capabilities, strong consistency, and full SQL support without code changes. Globally Distributed Database is available as automated services in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), as well as part of multicloud and on-premises Oracle AI Database deployments.


* Oracle AI Database 26ai replaces Oracle Database 23ai. Features in 23ai are also available in 26ai.
Learn about the capabilities of Raft-Based replication in Globally Distributed Database. (2:50)*
Innovate with Globally Distributed Database

See how Oracle enables hyperscalability across globally distributed databases.

Build petabyte-scale, real-time applications

Understand how Oracle uses Globally Distributed Database for a service that stores petabyte of data and scale to millions of transactions per second.

Addressing data residency challenges

Learn how Oracle is helping customers address data residency challenges and strengthen compliance.

Why choose Oracle Globally Distributed Database?

Always-on architectures

Enable rapid failover within seconds and help eliminate data loss during outages with Raft replication and an Active-Active-Active distributed database architecture that’s designed for mission-critical applications.


Performance and scale

Reduce performance bottlenecks with independent and granularly scaled database compute, storage capacity, and data ingest rates for AI, transaction processing, and analytics.

Address data residency requirements

Help meet data residency requirements by implementing automated data distribution and access policies for data, replicas, backups, and encryption keys based on geography.

Simple to use and manage

All shards are presented to an application and administered as a single logical database, simplifying application development and database administration. Oracle AI Database workloads and data types that are supported include relational, AI vector, JSON, Graph, and Spatial.

More data distribution and replication methods

Choose from more data distribution and replication methods than other leading distributed databases to more easily address diverse application and business requirements.

Deploy in the cloud and your data center

Use Globally Distributed Autonomous AI Database and Globally Distributed Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure in OCI, Oracle AI Database services on OCI in multicloud environments, and Oracle AI Database Enterprise Edition in customer data centers.

Globally Distributed Database features

Automated data distribution

Automate sharding and resharding of data

Six data distribution methods enable applications to optimally collocate data to address needs for low latency, high performance, extreme availability, data residency, and other criteria.

Features
  • Data is automatically placed on the desired shard, saving time and eliminating manual rebalancing
  • Composite sharding, which allows two levels of sharding with different sharding methods and keys
  • Parallel data ingestion on all shards
  • Parallel queries across all shards
  • Select through the console on cloud services

Elastic scalability

Scale online, on demand

Handle peak workloads for agentic AI and hyperscale OLTP performance by scaling compute, memory, and storage independently on Distributed Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure.

Features
  • Near-instant online addition and deletion of database nodes on Exascale Infrastructure
  • No data copying when adding nodes on Exascale Infrastructure
  • Decoupled compute and storage with Exascale
  • Automated redistribution of data
  • Automatic shard rebalancing

Centralized administration

Centrally manage and monitor sharded databases as a single logical database

A built-in shard catalog allows all shards in Globally Distributed Database to be managed as a single, logical database. Cloud services implement centralized administration through the cloud console.

Centralized features
  • Sharded database configuration, including data distribution policies and the addition or removal of shards
  • High availability configuration using a choice of replication methods and custom replication topologies, including by geography or application tier
  • Database object management—simplified operations at scale via seamless integration with Oracle Enterprise Manager, OCI console, and automation frameworks
  • Backup and recovery
  • Security configuration

Automated application routing

Simplify application development and deployment

Oracle Globally Distributed Database is natively supported by Oracle AI Database client drivers. Developers can treat Globally Distributed Database as a single logical database, simplifying application development.

Features
  • Automated request routing to shards
  • Automated routing of multishard requests to coordinator
  • Transaction support for multishard updates
  • Support for JDBC, OCI, .Net drivers
  • Automated failover to standbys
  • Support for FAN events
  • Automatic identification of sharding key (21 JDBC)

High availability

Minimize unplanned or planned downtime

Oracle Globally Distributed Database helps protect against unplanned outages and provides online mechanisms for planned administrative and maintenance operations, enabling applications to offer always-on availability.

Features
  • Choice of automated replication technologies including Raft
  • Automated failover
  • Fault isolation
  • Online patching and upgrade
  • Backup and recovery
  • Disaster protection

Globally Distributed Database deployment options

Autonomous AI Database

A fully automated distributed database

Oracle Globally Distributed Autonomous AI Database combines the shared-nothing scalability, data locality management, and extreme availability of a distributed database with the full automation of Oracle Autonomous AI Database. It helps customers meet data residency requirements, provide survivability for business-critical applications, and deliver cloud-scale database performance.


Autonomous AI Database deployment option diagram, description below

  • Uses Autonomous AI Database’s self-managing, self-tuning, and self-scaling of nodes to reduce administrative overhead.
  • Runs on Dedicated Exadata Infrastructure for enhanced isolation and security.
  • Simplifies management with automatic data distribution, automated application routing and centralized administration.

Resources:

Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure

Fast, efficient, and affordable

Oracle Globally Distributed Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure delivers extreme availability, performance, and scalability for any type of Oracle AI Database workload. Each location uses pools of shared database-optimized compute and storage resources that enable performance scaling without copying data. It lets organizations minimize costs with small—yet powerful—configurations, granular elastic scaling, and pay-per-use economics.

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  • Deployed on secure and highly scalable multitenant resources.
  • Independently scale database compute and storage—without downtime.
  • Console-based automation helps automate data distribution, replication, resource scaling, and online maintenance

Resources:

Additional Oracle AI Database services on OCI

Use cloud applications with distributed databases

Oracle databases on OCI offer built-in access to globally distributed database capabilities. Existing Oracle AI Database applications can start using a distributed database without modifications. Consumption of database server licenses can be scaled up or down at any time without downtime, enabling users to optimize performance while reducing costs.

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  • Oracle Globally Distributed Database can be used with Oracle Database 19c or Oracle AI Database 26ai to gain Raft replication.
  • Works with existing Oracle Exadata Database Service and Base Database Service environments.
  • Provides administrator-based management of data distribution and replication.

Multicloud architecture

Distribute across clouds

Use Globally Distributed Database capabilities built into Oracle AI Database Enterprise Edition wherever it’s deployed. Deploy databases that span OCI, AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud to expand beyond the boundaries of any single cloud.

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  • Run Oracle AI Database Enterprise Edition deployed at Oracle Database multicloud partners.
  • Each multicloud location provides low latency access to hyperscaler-specific services, tooling, and infrastructure.
  • Use Oracle AI Database 26ai to access Raft replication.

Hybrid architecture

Distribute across clouds and your data center

Use Globally Distributed Database capabilities built into Oracle AI Database Enterprise Edition wherever it’s deployed. Deploy databases that span OCI, AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and your data centers to deploy closer to customers or in locations without cloud data centers.

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  • Works as part of Oracle databases deployed at Oracle AI Database multicloud partners.
  • Provides low latency access to hyperscaler-specific services, tooling, and infrastructure.
  • Leverage Exadata Database Machine, Exadata Cloud@Customer, Oracle Database Appliance, or non-Oracle infrastructure in your data center.

On-premises

A fully distributed database in your data center

Keep your data in your data center to help you meet data residency mandates, network latency, or high-throughput ingest requirements. Oracle Globally Distributed Database can be deployed on self-managed platforms or on Oracle-managed Exadata Cloud@Customer infrastructure wherever you need it.

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Oracle offers the following choices for on-premises deployments of Globally Distributed Database:

  • Exadata: On-premises
  • Exadata: Cloud@Customer
  • Oracle Database Appliance
  • Non-Oracle infrastructure

Munich Re HealthTech gives customers insights and control with OCI

What industry analysts are saying about Oracle Globally Distributed Database

KuppingerCole

"With the introduction of built-in RAFT-based replication, the new release brings the concept of database sharding to a new level of scalability and performance. A global, hyperscale database that is distributed and replicated across multiple geographical locations in real time is now a reality—and the data within it can be transparently localized according to complex rules."

Alexei Balaganski
Lead Analyst and Chief Technology Officer, KuppingerCole Analysts

Constellation Research

"Deploying successful agents with transactional systems is hard. With its scaling capacity, Oracle Globally Distributed Database on Exascale gives enterprises the capacity headroom so they can be confident they can scale in the AI era."

Holger Mueller
Vice President and Principal Analyst, Constellation Research

Oracle Globally Distributed Database use cases

  • 1Mission-critical availability (always-on/never-down)

    Enable continuous operations and reduce data loss with sub–3-second failover across node, zone, or region outages—planned or unplanned.

  • 2Data residency

    Store and manage data across OCI regions or in your data centers to help meet data residency requirements— all while maintaining a unified, single-database view for applications and operations.

  • 3Hyperscale OLTP workloads

    Seamlessly scale out to handle petabytes of data and millions of transactions per second by elastically adding compute and storage.

  • 4Petabyte-scale AI and analytics

    Run AI vector searches and analytics on petabytes of data and support core backend services for agentic AI using decoupled compute and storage on Exascale’s intelligent, database-aware high performance storage.

  • 5Low-latency user and device access

    Improve response times by placing Globally Distributed Database nodes in OCI regions or private data centers near users and devices.

  • 6Start small and grow

    Achieve a low TCO while implementing always-on availability, addressing data residency requirements, and lowering your TCO by using cost-effective Exascale infrastructure in OCI or deploying on scalable infrastructure in your data center.

  • 7Multicloud

    Provide the ultimate in location flexibility by deploying scalable and highly available solutions that span all leading hyperscalers and your own data centers using Globally Distributed Database capabilities built into Oracle AI Database services and licenses.

  • 8Economically run workloads with seasonal scalability

    Easily scale up the performance of always-on workloads to meet peak demand and scale it back down afterwards using cost-effective Globally Distributed Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure and your choice of software or bring your own license (BYOL) consumption models.

Experience Oracle Globally Distributed Database with Hands-On Labs

View more labs

Learn How to Achieve Data Sovereignty with Oracle Globally Distributed Database 19c
Oracle Globally Distributed Database – Hyperscale Globally Distributed Database Workshop
Use Raft Replication with Distributed Database
August 2, 2025

Announcing General Availability: Oracle Globally Distributed Database on Exascale Infrastructure

Pankaj Chandiramani, Senior Director, Product Management, Oracle

Today, Oracle is announcing the general availability of Oracle Globally Distributed Exadata Database on Exascale Infrastructure, designed to simplify the deployment of distributed mission-critical applications across Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) regions worldwide. This purpose-built, enterprise-grade managed cloud database service automatically distributes, stores, and synchronizes data across multiple regions so applications can stay online even during regional outages. It provides full support of SQL, and helps customers meet diverse business needs for global data access, extreme scalability and performance, and data residency.

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Oracle Globally Distributed Database resources

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