Insights into the stabilization mechanisms of coarse-grained landslide dams
- Liang Song
- Yanjun Shang
- Hongxiu Yu
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Hydrology is the study of the cycling of water through different reservoirs on Earth. It also refers to the cycling of liquids such as hydrocarbons on other planets. Hydrology focuses on the distribution of water in the subsurface, surface and atmosphere, the chemistry of that water, and the effects of climate on the water cycle.
Vertically compound soil moisture droughts—when all soil layers are depleted—have intensified worldwide, driving sharper ecosystem losses than single-layer droughts, according to global analyses of multilayer soil moisture.
Earth observation and artificial intelligence provide unprecedented opportunities to monitor water systems. However, unequal access to data and underrepresentation of diverse perspectives risk reinforcing existing disparities.
Global warming is making high-altitude regions unstable, and could trigger more frequent landslides and floods.
In assessing future climate change risks the IPCC makes use of 58 standardized geographical reference regions. Global human population numbers and water-related risks in terms of economic and non-economic loss and damage are unevenly distributed across these reference regions. Here we show how the global population exposed to water-related risks is disproportionately contained in two reference regions and reflect on the implications for future IPCC assessments.
Machine learning is the key to uncovering where populations across the globe are at risk from manganese in their groundwater-sourced drinking water.
Tropical forest restoration is widely promoted as a nature-based climate solution, but its potential to restore hydrological functions impaired by deforestation remains unclear. Now, satellite observations show that forest gain can increase evapotranspiration and precipitation more than forest loss reduces them, with prominent asymmetry in South America and Africa.