A special form is a form with special syntax, special evaluation rules, or both, possibly manipulating the evaluation environment, control flow, or both. A special operator has access to the current lexical environment and the current dynamic environment. Each special operator defines the manner in which its subexpressions are treated---which are forms, which are special syntax, etc.
Some special operators create new lexical or dynamic environments for use during the evaluation of subforms of the special form. For example, block creates a new lexical environment that is the same as the one in force at the point of evaluation of the block form with the addition of a binding of the block name to an exit point from the block.
The set of special operator names is fixed in Common Lisp; no way is provided for the user to define a special operator. The next figure lists all of the Common Lisp symbols that have definitions as special operators.
Figure 3-2. Common Lisp Special Operators
block let* return-from
catch load-time-value setq
eval-when locally symbol-macrolet
flet macrolet tagbody
function multiple-value-call the
go multiple-value-prog1 throw
if progn unwind-protect
labels progv
let quote