FUNCTION Electrogenic Na(+)-coupled sugar symporter that actively transports D-glucose or D-galactose at the plasma membrane, with a Na(+) to sugar coupling ratio of 2:1. Transporter activity is driven by a transmembrane Na(+) electrochemical gradient set by the Na(+)/K(+) pump (PubMed:20980548, PubMed:34880492, PubMed:35077764, PubMed:8563765, PubMed:37217492). Has a primary role in the transport of dietary monosaccharides from enterocytes to blood. Responsible for the absorption of D-glucose or D-galactose across the apical brush-border membrane of enterocytes, whereas basolateral exit is provided by GLUT2. Additionally, functions as a D-glucose sensor in enteroendocrine cells, triggering the secretion of the incretins GCG and GIP that control food intake and energy homeostasis (By similarity) (PubMed:8563765). Together with SGLT2, functions in reabsorption of D-glucose from glomerular filtrate, playing a nonredundant role in the S3 segment of the proximal tubules (By similarity). Transports D-glucose into endometrial epithelial cells, controlling glycogen synthesis and nutritional support for the embryo as well as the decidual transformation of endometrium prior to conception (PubMed:28974690). Acts as a water channel enabling passive water transport across the plasma membrane in response to the osmotic gradient created upon sugar and Na(+) uptake. Has high water conductivity, comparable to aquaporins, and therefore is expected to play an important role in transepithelial water permeability, especially in the small intestine.CATALYTIC ACTIVITY D-glucose(out) + 2 Na(+)(out) = D-glucose(in) + 2 Na(+)(in)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY D-galactose(out) + 2 Na(+)(out) = D-galactose(in) + 2 Na(+)(in)ACTIVITY REGULATION Enhanced by the interaction with PDZK1IP1/MAP17; but unlike SLC5A2/SGLT2, PDZK1IP1 is not essential for SLC5A1 transporter activity (PubMed:37217492). Inhibited by phlorizin (PubMed:20980548, PubMed:34880492). Possibly modulated by cholesterol binding (PubMed:34880492).BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES Expressed in intestine (PubMed:2490366). Expressed in endometrial cells (PubMed:28974690).INDUCTION Up-regulated upon transition of the endometrium from the non-receptive early secretory phase to the receptive mid-secretory phase of the cycle.DOMAIN The cholesterol-binding site is formed by transmembrane helices TM1, TM7 and TM13.PTM N-glycosylation is not necessary for the cotransporter function.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.