FUNCTION Initiates the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Serine protease that circulates in the blood in a zymogen form. Factor VII is converted to factor VIIa by factor Xa, factor XIIa, factor IXa, or thrombin by minor proteolysis. In the presence of tissue factor and calcium ions, factor VIIa then converts factor X to factor Xa by limited proteolysis. Factor VIIa also converts factor IX to factor IXa in the presence of tissue factor and calcium (PubMed:271951).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Selective cleavage of Arg-|-Ile bond in factor X to form factor Xa.SUBUNIT Heterodimer of a light chain and a heavy chain linked by a disulfide bond. Interacts (activated) with iripin-8, a serine protease inhibitor from Ixodes ricinus saliva (PubMed:34502392).INTERACTION Plasma.PTM The vitamin K-dependent, enzymatic carboxylation of some glutamate residues allows the modified protein to bind calcium.PTM The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF domains.PTM O- and N-glycosylated. N-glycosylation at Asn-205 occurs cotranslationally and is mediated by STT3A-containing complexes, while glycosylation at Asn-382 is post-translational and is mediated STT3B-containing complexes before folding. O-fucosylated by POFUT1 on a conserved serine or threonine residue found in the consensus sequence C2-X(4,5)-[S/T]-C3 of EGF domains, where C2 and C3 are the second and third conserved cysteines.PTM Can be either O-glucosylated or O-xylosylated at Ser-112 by POGLUT1 in vitro.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.PHARMACEUTICAL Available under the names Niastase or Novoseven (Novo Nordisk). Used for the treatment of bleeding episodes in hemophilia A or B patients with antibodies to coagulation factors VIII or IX.SIMILARITY Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.ONLINE INFORMATION Factor VII entry